CD11b表达与人工髋关节置换术后无菌性松动的相关性分析

目的:分析髋关节周围滑膜组织CD11b表达水平与人工髋关节置换术后无菌性松动的相关性。方法:以2006年5月至2016年5月于西京医院接受人工髋关节置换的患者为研究对象,对其髋关节周围滑膜组织进行CD11b免疫组化染色,并随访术后5年和10年无菌性松动的发生情况,通过单因素分析及logistic回归分析讨论CD11b表达与无菌性松动之间的相关性。结果:共300例患者纳入研究,全部获得随访,CD11b表达阳性患者163例,阳性率为54.33%;术后5年松动患者29例,术后5年无菌性松动发生率为9.67%;术后10年无菌性松动患者49例,术后10年无菌性松动发生率为16.33%;单因素分析结果表明CD11b表达阳性患者5年及10年松动率均高于CD11b表达阴性患者(P0.05);logistic回归分析结果表明CD11b过表达是髋关节置换术后无菌性松动发生的危险因素。结论:髋关节周围滑膜组织CD11b过表达是人工髋关节置换术后无菌性松动发生的危险因素,该分子或可作为无菌性松动的辅助诊断指标及潜在治疗靶点。     

饮食和生活习惯与胃癌的相关性研究进展

胃癌是起源于胃粘膜上皮细胞的恶性肿瘤。近年来,虽然大部分国家胃癌发生率呈下降趋势,但我国胃癌的发病率和死亡率仍居高不下。胃癌的发生是多因素共同参与的复杂过程,如与种族、遗传、年龄、性别、幽门螺旋杆菌感染、饮食等因素相关,其中饮食及生活习惯被认为与胃癌的发生关系密切。而且早期胃癌的预后相对良好,降低发生率是防治胃癌的一项关键措施。因此,通过了解饮食及生活习惯因素与胃癌之间的关系,可以加强胃癌的一级预防,从而改善胃癌患者预后。本文就高盐、高脂饮食,蛋白质、蔬菜水果摄入以及吸烟、饮酒等因素与胃癌关系的研究进展进行综述,以期对胃癌的预防奠定一定基础。     

Effects of shell morphological traits on the weight trait of the orange strain of the Manila clam

A new strain of Manila clam with orange shell color was produced after selection within a full-sib family for two generations. In the present study, the shell length, height, and width, and the live body weight of the orange strain were measured, and their correlation coefficients were calculated. The shell morphological traits were used as independent variables, and the live body weight was used as the dependent variable for calculating the path coefficients, correlation index, and determination coefficients. The results showed that the correlation coefficients between each shell morphological trait and the live body weight were all highly significant (P < 0.01). The correlation indices (R²) of morphological traits against the live body weight of clams were larger than 0.85, indicating that the morphology traits were the main factors affecting the body weight. Multiple regression equations were obtained to estimate shell length X₁ (cm), shell height X₂ (cm), and shell width X₃ (cm) against live body weight Y (g): Y = ? 2.62 + 0.34 X₁ + 0.145 X₂, (X₁ < 0.05, X₂ < 0.05). The results suggest that the shell length could be used as the main trait for selective breeding and could indirectly make a large improvement in the weight trait.     

Between-species correlations in the number of migrants at Ulmeth?chi (Switzerland)

We analysed the number of autumn migrants at a bird ringing station over 41 years in the Jura mountains of Switzerland. For 12 irruptive or potentially irruptive bird species, the correlations between their numbers per year were calculated and the species were clustered accordingly. We found high correlations in the number of migrants between the Coal Tit Periparus ater, Great Tit Parus major and Blue Tit Cyanistes caeruleus. Most correlations of passage number between species pairs changed dramatically over time. Only Blue Tit and Coal Tit showed continuously high correlation in this respect. The variation and changes over time in between-species correlations in the number of migrants needs more attention.     

听觉诱发脑电小波分量的混沌研究——婴儿痉挛症认知功能障碍的机制探讨

通过对婴幼儿期难治性癫痫———婴儿痉挛症(infantile spasms, IS)听觉诱发脑电细貌混沌特性的研究,探讨与IS相伴的认知功能障碍的发生机制。研究方法是分别记录IS组及正常对照组对象的听觉诱发脑电,经Mexihat连续小波变换后,分别计算信号各尺度小波分量的相关维数。结果表明IS组与正常对照组的各小波分量相关维数的差别主要表现在小波的第3尺度分量上(频带范围是32~64 Hz,主要为γ频带范围),在这个尺度上正常组相关维数明显低于IS组(P<0.05)。相关维数的降低意味着大脑活动自由度的减少,表明大脑的各单元耦合加强。因为正常组脑干内信息传递通道完好,使得大脑各个单元之间的信息耦合较强; IS组则由于脑干功能的异常,存在神经信息传递障碍,进而影响到脑干及其与大脑各个局部之间的信息耦合。小波第3尺度处于较高频率范围(γ频带范围),而在大脑皮层上的基频信号与听觉调频信号经加工后所产生的神经信号正在这一频率范围,且这一信号与大脑高级认知功能密切相关。因此,IS患者γ频带细貌信号的相关维数高于正常值,能够解释IS认知功能发生障碍的原因。     

Effect of single-species and mixed-species leaf leachate on bacterial communities in biofilms

Bacterial communities in two shallow eutrophic aquatic ecosystems (eastern China) were studied using culture-dependent methods, and their correlations with the other water parameters were analyzed. Although the values of the comprehensive trophic state index in Xizi Lake and Hangzhou Canal were almost identical, the abundances of cultivable bacterial communities, such as protein-hydrolyzing bacteria (PHB), fecal coliforms (FC), nitrogen-utilizing bacteria, phosphate-mineralizing bacteria, and cellulose-decomposing bacteria (CDB), differed significantly. They were much less in Xizi Lake than in Hangzhou Canal. Correlation analyses indicated that the abundances of physiological groups of bacteria were determined mainly by the biomasses of phytoplankton and zooplankton, rather than by the utilized substrates. Xizi Lake was an algae-dominated aquatic ecosystem, a situation that mainly arose from the influx of inorganic nutrients, and the Hangzhou Canal was bacteria-dominated due to the influx of organic sewage. Molecular characterization and phylogenetic analysis of isolates showed that there were 6 phylogenetic lineages out of 15 isolates screened from Xizi Lake, including γ-proteobacteria (5), β-proteobacteria (3), α-proteobacteria (2), actinobacteria (1), firmicutes (4), and bacteroidetes (1). While in Hangzhou Canal there were only 4 bacterial groups among 22 isolates, γ-proteobacteria comprised about 82%, α-proteobacteria made up 9%, firmicutes and bacteroidetes made up only 4.5%, respectively, and no β-proteobacteria were found. Enterobacteriaceae were the principal bacteria components in the two aquatic ecosystems, especially in the sewage-polluted Hangzhou Canal. It can be concluded preliminarily that the bacterial diversity in Xizi Lake is richer than that in Hangzhou Canal. Handling editor: J. Padisak     

广西木论自然保护区铁榄群落主要乔木种群格局的分形特征

为了揭示种群空间分布特征随尺度的变化规律,探讨不同种群对空间资源的占据能力和生态适应能力及分形差异,采用计盒维数、信息维数和关联维数对木论自然保护区铁榄群落主要乔木种群格局特征进行了研究。结果表明,优势种铁榄（Sinosideroxylon pedunculatum）、东女贞（Ligustrum japonicum）、小栾树（Boniodendron minius）、稀有濒危种掌叶木（Handeliodendron bodinieri）、青檀（Pteroceltis tatarinowii）5个种群在相应的尺度具有明显的分形特征;计盒维数和信息维数大小顺序一致,均为：铁榄〉东女贞〉小栾树〉掌叶木〉青檀;在5个种群中,铁榄计盒维数为1．7763最大,接近2,对空间环境的占据能力最强,信息维数（1．7206）也最大,个体聚集强度强,在群落中处于绝对优势地位,青檀计盒维数（0．8316）和信息维数（0．8990）最小,对环境的占据利用能力弱,个体聚集程度整体较弱,在群落中处于伴生地位;在0．5～50m的尺度上,关联维数大小顺序为：铁榄（1．7314）〉东女贞（1．6688）〉小栾树（1．6050）〉青檀（0．7868）,而掌叶木只有在大的尺度上才出现关联,且关联较强。3个分形维数大小的不同组合,能够全面揭示不同种群格局特征和种群在群落中所处地位的差异。     

New pulsed EPR methods and their application to characterize mitochondrial complex I

Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) spectroscopy is the method of choice to study paramagnetic cofactors that often play an important role as active centers in electron transfer processes in biological systems. However, in many cases more than one paramagnetic species is contributing to the observed EPR spectrum, making the analysis of individual contributions difficult and in some cases impossible. With time-domain techniques it is possible to exploit differences in the relaxation behavior of different paramagnetic species to distinguish between them and separate their individual spectral contribution. Here we give an overview of the use of pulsed EPR spectroscopy to study the iron-sulfur clusters of NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase (complex I). While FeS cluster N1 can be studied individually at a temperature of 30 K, this is not possible for FeS cluster N2 due to its severe spectral overlap with cluster N1. In this case Relaxation Filtered Hyperfine (REFINE) spectroscopy can be used to separate the overlapping spectra based on differences in their relaxation behavior.     

中国水稻微核心种质不同生育时期耐冷性鉴定及其相关分析

以204份中国水稻微核心种质为试验材料,进行了水稻发芽期、芽期、幼苗期、孕穗期等耐冷性鉴定及其相关性分析。结果表明,水稻各生育时期耐冷性在籼粳亚种间、各种质之间存在明显的差异。粳稻种质的耐冷性明显强于籼稻种质,但籼稻种质中也存在耐冷性较强的种质。高阳淀稻大红芒、肥东塘稻、木樨球、卫国、兴国、山酒谷、中花8号等粳稻种质和包选21号、红米三担白、寸谷糯、红谷等籼稻种质在水稻各生育时期均表现较强的耐冷性,在水稻耐冷性育种及耐冷基因发掘研究中应加以利用。自然低温和冷水胁迫下水稻结实率与低温下发芽率呈显著或极显著正相关,而与死苗率呈显著负相关,即低温下发芽期耐冷性和芽期耐冷性强的水稻种质一般表现为较强的孕穗期耐冷性。认为低温下发芽率和芽期低温处理后的死苗率可以作为孕穗期耐冷性早期鉴定的间接指标。     

XIAP及survivin 在原发性肝细胞癌组织中的表达及其相关性研究

目的：探讨X 连锁凋亡抑制蛋白（XIAP）和survivin 在原发性肝细胞癌中的表达及两者的相关性。方法：选取本院收治的60 例原发性肝细胞癌患者,应用免疫组织化学染色的方法对肝癌组织及癌旁组织中的XIAP及survivin 的表达进行检测。结果：经 比较,肝癌组织中XAIP 及survivin 的阳性率均显著高于癌旁组织,差异有统计学意义。XIAP 和survivin 的表达强度与肿瘤的大 小无关,但随肿瘤的分化程度的降低而升高,且不同分化程度之间差异有统计学意义;XIAP 和survivin 存在正相关关系。结论： XIAP与Survivin 在肿瘤组织中的高表达在促进肿瘤发生、增殖、转移以及耐药,并且能够降低肿瘤的分化程度,增加肝癌的恶性 程度。此外,两者可能存在协同作用,但两者的相关性及作用机制仍需进一步探讨。