双歧杆菌降胆固醇的作用机制

双歧杆菌是现在食品药品市场被广泛应用的一种菌株,它生理功能的优势及对人体的益处被人们认可。尤其是其在脂类代谢中的降胆固醇功能在各种研究中均得以证实。本研究就双歧杆菌的降胆固醇机制及具有此功能的双歧杆菌产品等方面进行论述,为今后对双歧杆菌的研究提供参考及思路。     

Anticancerogenic effect of a novel chiroinositol-containing polysaccharide from Bifidobacterium bifidum BGN4

Strains of bifidobacteria have many health-promotion effects. Whole cells or cytoplasm extracts of Bifidobacterium bifidum BGN4, isolated from human feces, inhibited the growth of several cancer cell lines. The polysaccharide fraction (BB-pol) extracted from B. bifidum BGN4 had a novel composition, comprising chiroinositol, rhamnose, glucose, galactose, and ribose. Three human colon cancer cell lines were treated with BB-pol: HT-29, HCT-116, and Caco-2. Trypan blue exclusion assay and BrdU incorporation assay showed that BB-pol inhibited the growth of HT-29 and HCT-116 cells but did not inhibit the growth of Caco-2 cells.     

Species specific identification of nine human Bifidobacterium spp. in feces

Based on the 16S rDNA sequences, species specific primers were designed for the rapid identification by DNA amplification of nine human Bifidobacterium spp., namely B. adolescentis, B. angulatum, B. bifidum, B. breve, B. catenulatum, B. dentium, B. infantis, B. longum, B. pseudocatenulatum. B. lactis currently included in dairy products was added to the series. The primers were designed to target different positions of the 16S rDNA, allowing the simultaneous identification of these ten species of Bifidobacterium using two mixtures of primers. The identification procedure described in this paper was validated by establishing a correlation with an AluI restriction pattern of the different full length amplified 16S rDNA. This multiple primer DNA amplification technique was applied for the identification of pure colonies of Bifidobacterium spp. or directly from total bacteria recovered from human fecal samples. The technique was shown to be useful to detect dominant species and, when primers were used in separate reactions, underrepresented species could be identified as well.     

短双歧杆菌A04菌株体外清除自由基的研究

采用化学比色法研究了短双歧杆菌A04菌株及其菌体破碎物对DPPH自由基、脂自由基的清除能力,采用化学发光法检测了其对DNA损伤的保护作用,应用电子自旋共振(ESR)法测定了其清除氧自由基的能力。结果显示:短双歧杆菌A04菌株及其菌体破碎物均具有明显的抗脂质过氧化能力,能有效地清除DPPH和活性氧自由基,同时还能很好地保护DNA免受自由基损伤。     

Rapid MALDI-TOF-MS analysis in the study of interaction between whole bacterial cells and human target molecules: binding of Bifidobacterium to human plasminogen

MALDI-TOF (Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization-Time of Flight)—mass spectrometry has been applied, for the first time, in the investigation of whole Bifidobacterium cells-host target proteins interaction. In particular, by means of this technique, a dose dependent human plasminogen-binding activity has been shown for Bifidobacterium. The involvement of lysine binding sites on the bacterial cell surface has been proved. The obtained result was found to be consistent with that from well-established standard methodologies, thus the proposed MALDI-TOF approach has the potential to enter as a fast alternative method in the field of biorecognition studies involving in bacterial cells and proteins of human origin.     

Evaluation of the PCR method for identification of Bifidobacterium species

AIMS: Bifidobacterium species are known for their beneficial effects on health and their wide use as probiotics. Although various polymerase chain reaction (PCR) methods for the identification of Bifidobacterium species have been published, the reliability of these methods remains open to question. METHODS AND RESULTS: In this study, we evaluated 37 previously reported PCR primer sets designed to amplify 16S rDNA, 23S rDNA, intergenic spacer regions, or repetitive DNA sequences of various Bifidobacterium species. CONCLUSIONS: Ten of 37 experimental primer sets showed specificity for B. adolescentis, B. angulatum, B. pseudocatenulatum, B. breve, B. bifidum, B. longum, B. longum biovar infantis and B. dentium. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: The results suggest that published Bifidobacterium primer sets should be re-evaluated for both reproducibility and specificity for the identification of Bifidobacterium species using PCR. Improvement of existing PCR methods will be needed to facilitate identification of other Bifidobacterium strains, such as B. animalis, B. catenulatum, B. thermophilum and B. subtile.     

新生儿肠道双歧杆菌数量与其相关影响因素的探讨

目的　探讨影响新生儿肠道双歧杆菌数量的相关因素。方法　以重庆医科大学附属二院和重庆市妇幼保健院的12 0例新生儿为研究对象,每例生后5～7d,均采集新鲜大便做双歧杆菌定量培养,并做10个相关因素的准确登记。结果　母亲分娩方式、临产期及产后是否使用抗生素、母亲妊娠期饮食习惯以及新生儿黄疸期长短与新生儿肠道双歧杆菌数量有相关性( P均<0 .0 1)。结论　提倡阴道分娩、临产期及产后不用抗生素、妊娠期多食发酵制品和素食,并尽量设法缩短新生儿黄疸时间,均有益于新生儿肠道双歧杆菌数量相对充足     

1株新分离的人两歧双歧杆菌耐药性研究

目的研究新分离的人两歧双歧杆菌对11种抗生素的耐药性。方法采用琼脂扩散纸片法测定人两歧双歧杆菌对11种抗生索的敏感性,通过在双歧杆菌培养基中添加不同浓度的抗生素来确定MIC值。结果该菌株对β-内酰胺类、大环内脂类和利福平非常敏感．对氨基糖苷类、黄胺类表现出较强抗性。结论该菌株对11种抗生索的药物敏感性与国内外其他文献所报道的结果一致。但该菌株带有一22kb大小的天然质粒。需进一步研究质粒与其耐药性的关系。     

双歧杆菌DNA对巨噬细胞MAPK的影响

目的 探索青春型双歧杆菌的DNA对巨噬细胞丝裂素活化的蛋白激酶（MAPK）活性的影响。方法 以激光共聚焦显微镜定量测定小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞MAPK家系中ERK1／2、JNK和p38的含量。结果 双歧杆菌DNA注射组小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞ERK1／2的平均荧光强度明显高于对照组（P〈0．01）,而JNK和p38的平均荧光强度在2组间则差异无显著性（P〉0．05）。结论 青春型双歧杆菌的DNA能提高巨噬细胞ERK1／2的活性,这可能是其激活巨噬细胞的途径之一。     

双歧杆菌的分子生物学研究进展

双歧杆菌以其重要的生理功能在近几年成为研究的热点,其分子生物学的研究对它的应用具有重要意义。本文筒述了双歧杆菌的特性及生理功能,重点综述了近年来有关双歧杆菌的基因操作、分类鉴定、表面分子结构和抗肿瘤作用方面的研究进展。