Investigations into the taxonomy of the mushroom pathogen <Emphasis Type="Italic">Verticillium fungicola</Emphasis> and its relatives based on sequence analysis of nitrate reductase and ITS regions

The full sequence of the nitrate reductase gene was obtained from a type isolate of Verticillium fungicola var. fungicola and used for phylogenetic analysis against other ascomycete fungi. Sequencing obtained 2749 bp of coding region, 668 bp of 5′ flanking sequence and 731 bp of 3′ flanking sequence. In silico analysis indicated that the coding region contains a single intron and translates into an 893 amino acid protein, with BLAST analysis identifying five conserved nitrate reductase domains within the protein. The 5′ flanking sequence contains numerous conserved sites putatively involved in binding nitrogen regulatory proteins, indicating that the regulation of the gene is likely to be subject to the same regulation as that of model fungi such as Aspergillus nidulans. The central portion of this gene was amplified and sequenced from a number of V. fungicola isolates and related fungi and the resulting phylogenies compared to those obtained from analysis of the rDNA internal transcribed spacer regions for these fungi. Both nitrate reductase and ITS analyses provide additional evidence that reinforces previous findings that suggest the mushroom pathogenic Verticillium species are more related to other chitinolytic fungi such as the insect pathogens Verticillium lecanii and Beauveria bassiana than to the plant pathogenic Verticillia.     

姬松茸的研究与进展

概述了大型真菌姬松茸的生物学特性、保健功能以及近年来的研究进展,并对其主要功效物质如多糖等成分、姬松茸深层发酵技术的现状和菌丝体应用情况作了介绍。     

几种主要食用菌的遗传转化研究进展

对平菇、香菇、草菇、银耳、双孢蘑菇的遗传转化体系的构建及其应用的研究进展进行了综述,对存在的问题进行了分析,并对未来的发展前景进行了展望。     

Structural characterization of a water-soluble beta-(1-->6)-linked D-glucan isolated from the hot water extract of an edible mushroom, Agaricus bitorquis

A water-soluble polysaccharide, isolated from the hot aqueous extract of an edible mushroom, Agaricus bitorquis, was found to consist of d-glucose only. On the basis of total hydrolysis, methylation analysis, and NMR studies (¹H, ¹³C, TOCSY, DQF-COSY, NOESY, ROESY, HMQC, and HMBC), the structure of the repeating unit was established as→6)-β-d-Glcp-(1→     

姬松茸原生质体的制备

对姬松茸(Agaricus blazeiMurrill)原生质体制备的最佳条件进行了研究,结果表明:采用液体发酵培养第7 d的菌体,用2%溶壁酶在30℃下酶解5 h,原生质体产率达9.08×106个/mL。     

硒镧复合作用对巴西蘑菇子实体形态和数量特征的影响

采用混合培养料试验和电子显微技术,观察了不同硒镧配施水平对巴西蘑菇子实体盖皮和菌褶表面形态及孢子和囊状体数量特征的影响.结果表明,低浓度硒镧配施(Na2SeO3 21.905mg/kg LaCl317.667mg/kg)处理时,孢子数极显著增加,随着硒镧配施浓度升高,孢子数极显著增加,达到峰值后极显著减少;低浓度(Na2SeO 21.905mg/kg LaCl17.667mg/kg)和高浓度(Na2SeO 109.524mg/kg LaCl88.340mg/kg)处理后囊状体数极显著减少,中浓度(Na2SeO365.714mg/kg LaCl353.002mg/kg)处理囊状体数显著增加.研究还发现硒镧配施对巴西蘑菇孢子长、宽、囊状体最大直径和最小直径以及菌盖皮菌丝最大宽度具有促进或抑制作用.扫描电镜观察结果表明,与对照相比,中浓度硒镧配施(Na2SeO365.714mg/kg LaCl3 53.002mg/kg)时,孢子由正常椭圆形变成全部萎缩,菌丝粗壮;囊状体在较低硒镧配施浓度(Na2SeO343.810mg/kg LaCl3 35.335mg/kg)处理时表面纹饰模糊、消失,个别囊状体破裂,表面带有藤蔓状的组织.     

稻田蘑菇半裸镰刀菌病害的研究

半裸镰刀菌是双孢蘑菇栽培中出现的一种新的病原菌。报道了该病原菌的培养特征、形态特征、症状及发病规律 ,温度、pH、12种药物对菌丝体生长的影响 ,结果表明 ,使用克霉灵、甲醛、硫酸铜、有机酸等药物可以有效地杀灭病原菌     

姬松茸N516产活性多糖的发酵动力学研究

目的 :研究姬松茸产活性多糖的发酵动力学。方法 :以 5L发酵罐分批发酵和基于Logistic和Luedeking&Piret方程。结果 :菌体生长和胞内活性多糖生成是同步的 ;发酵液流变特性参数稠度系数 (K)先增后降 ,而流变特性指数 (n)先降后升。得到描述分批发酵过程的动力学数学模型和模型参数 ,同时对实验数据与模型参数进行了验证比较 ,模型计算与实验结果较好拟合。结论 :产活性多糖属于偶联型以及模型可用于预测发酵过程