小儿推拿疗法联合中药热奄包治疗小儿夜啼的疗效及对睡眠质量和生长发育的影响

摘要 目的：探讨小儿推拿疗法联合中药热奄包治疗小儿夜啼的疗效及对睡眠质量和生长发育的影响。方法：选取2019年4月~到2021年8月期间石家庄市中医院收治的120例夜啼患儿作为研究对象。根据双色球法将患儿分为对照组（常规药物治疗）和观察组（对照组的基础上接受小儿推拿疗法联合中药热奄包治疗）,各为60例。对比两组疗效、中医证候评分、睡眠质量、生长发育相关指标和不良反应发生情况。结果：与对照组相比,观察组的临床总有效率明显升高（P<0.05）。与对照组相比,观察组治疗1周后啼哭、腹喜按摩、睡喜蜷曲、四肢欠温、大便稀溏、小便色清评分更低（P<0.05）。与对照组相比,观察组治疗1周后白天睡眠时间、夜间睡眠时间更长,夜间清醒时间更短,夜醒次数更少（P<0.05）。与对照组相比,观察组治疗6个月后年龄别体质量Z值（WAZ）、年龄别身长Z值（LAZ）、身长别体质量Z值（WLZ）和头围Z值（HCZ）更大（P<0.05）。治疗期间两组均未出现不良反应。结论：小儿推拿疗法联合中药热奄包治疗小儿夜啼,可有效改善患儿临床症状,提高睡眠质量,促进生长发育。     

腹式呼吸训练法对COPD伴Ⅱ型呼吸衰竭患者肺通气状态、血气指标及运动耐力的影响

摘要 目的：探讨腹式呼吸训练法对慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）伴Ⅱ型呼吸衰竭患者肺通气状态、血气指标及运动耐力的影响。方法：选择我院2020年07月2022年12月期间收治的100例COPD伴Ⅱ型呼吸衰竭患者,根据随机数字表法将患者分为对照组[常规治疗基础上接受双水平气道正压（BIPAP）辅助通气,n=50]和研究组（对照组的基础上接受腹式呼吸训练法干预,n=50）。对比两组临床相关指标、肺通气状态、血气指标及运动耐力指标。结果：研究组的喘憋消失时间、体温恢复正常时间、住院时间、肺部啰音消失时间短于对照组（P<0.05）。两组干预1周后第1秒呼气的最大容积（FEV₁）、最大自主分钟通气量（MVV）、用力肺活量（FVC）均升高,且研究组高于对照组（P<0.05）。两组干预1周后氧分压（PaO2₂）、血氧饱和度（SpO₂）均升高,且研究组高于对照组;二氧化碳分压（PaCO₂）下降,且研究组低于对照组（P<0.05）。两组干预1周后6 min步行距离（6MWT）升高,且研究组高于对照组（P<0.05）。结论：腹式呼吸训练法有助于改善COPD伴Ⅱ型呼吸衰竭患者的临床症状,调节肺通气状态、血气指标,提高运动耐力。     

Long-term selection for a quantitative character in large replicate populations of Drosophila melanogaster

Summary Six replicate lines of Drosophila melanogaster, which had been selected for increased abdominal bristle number for more than 85 generations, were assayed by hierarchical analysis of variance and offspring on parent regression immediately after selection ceased, and by single-generation realised heritability after more than 25 generations of subsequent relaxed selection.Half-sib estimates of heritability in 5 lines were as high as in the base population and much higher than observed genetic gains would suggest, excluding lack of sufficient additive genetic variance as a cause of ineffective selection in these lines. Also, there was considerable diversity among the six lines in composition of phenotypic variability: in addition to differences in the additive genetic component, one or more of the components due to dominance, epistasis, sex-linkage or genotype-environment interaction appeared to be important in different lines.Even after relaxed selection, single-generation realised heritabilities in four lines were as high as in the base population. As a large proportion of total genetic gain must have been made by fixation of favourable alleles, the compensatory increase of genetic variability has been sought in a genetic model involving genes at low initial frequencies, enhancement of gene effects during selection and/or new mutations.     

螯虾腹屈肌肌原纤维副肌球蛋白和原肌球蛋白的分离和结晶

螯虾Procambarus clarki腹屈肌肌原纤维副肌球蛋白和原肌球蛋白已经分离和结晶。在离子强度近于0.3和pH 6.0的溶液中透析,螯虾副肌球蛋白类晶体析出,与原肌球蛋白可以彼此完全分离。经含200mmol KCl,10mmol磷酸缓冲液,pH 6.0溶液或者50mmol BaCl_2 50mmol Tris.HCl_1 pH7.8溶液透析,可以得到副肌球蛋白针状类晶体,周期为14.5或72.5nm。原肌球蛋白溶液经含2％饱和硫酸铵,10mmol醋酸缓冲液,pH 5.1之溶液透析,呈现针状或梭形结晶,具有39nm周期。     

Does elevated wall tension cause aortic aneurysm rupture? Investigation using a subject-specific heterogeneous model

ObjectiveTo investigate whether peak wall tension in abdominal aortic aneurysm occurs at the site of rupture to test for a causative relationship.MethodsFour ruptured and nine unruptured AAA were harvested whole from cadavers, followed by regional measurements of wall thickness, elastic parameters and failure tension. Finite element models were developed with subject-specific load-free AAA morphology and heterogeneous properties interpolated using a geodesic distance weighted approach from the measurements. The wall tension under uniform pressure and tension to failure tension ratio as an index of susceptibility to rupture were computed. As a secondary aim, the peak wall tension using this heterogeneous model approach was compared to the traditional homogeneous model approach in order to evaluate the reliability of the latter.ResultsThe average peak wall tension in the ruptured group was 43% higher than in the unruptured group without statistical significance even though it was 54% larger in diameter. The site of peak wall tension was in the vicinity of the site of rupture in two ruptured AAA. The peak tension did not breach failure tension at the rupture site in any of the AAA. The traditional population-wide homogeneous model approach overestimated peak wall tension by just 3% compared to the subject-specific heterogeneous model approach.ConclusionWe failed to find adequate evidence of a causative relationship between peak wall tension and AAA rupture. The findings are not conclusive owing to study limitations such as ignoring intraluminal thrombus, sparse distribution of specimens procured and small study population.     

Ectodermal Wnt signaling regulates abdominal myogenesis during ventral body wall development

Defects of the ventral body wall are prevalent birth anomalies marked by deficiencies in body wall closure, hypoplasia of the abdominal musculature and multiple malformations across a gamut of organs. However, the mechanisms underlying ventral body wall defects remain elusive. Here, we investigated the role of Wnt signaling in ventral body wall development by inactivating Wls or β-catenin in murine abdominal ectoderm. The loss of Wls in the ventral epithelium, which blocks the secretion of Wnt proteins, resulted in dysgenesis of ventral musculature and genito-urinary tract during embryonic development. Molecular analyses revealed that the dermis and myogenic differentiation in the underlying mesenchymal progenitor cells was perturbed by the loss of ectodermal Wls. The activity of the Wnt-Pitx2 axis was impaired in the ventral mesenchyme of the mutant body wall, which partially accounted for the defects in ventral musculature formation. In contrast, epithelial depletion of β-catenin or Wnt5a did not resemble the body wall defects in the ectodermal Wls mutant. These findings indicate that ectodermal Wnt signaling instructs the underlying mesodermal specification and abdominal musculature formation during ventral body wall development, adding evidence to the theory that ectoderm-mesenchyme signaling is a potential unifying mechanism for the origin of ventral body wall defects.     

Intraluminal thrombus thickness is not related to lower concentrations of trace elements in the wall of infrarenal abdominal aortic aneurysms

BackgroundIntraluminal thrombus (ILT) formation plays a significant role in the progression of infrarenal abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA). Potentially, as ILT thickness increases the availability of trace elements in the aneurysm wall could decrease thereby leading to oxidative stress and intensifying pro-inflammatory cytokine generation.AimTo determine if thrombus thickness is related to the concentration of trace elements in the wall of infrarenal AAA.Patients and methodsThe concentrations of trace elements in the wall of the aneurysm sack and ILT obtained from 19 consecutive patients during surgery for infrarenal AAA were determined using emission spectrometry.ResultsThe concentrations of magnesium, zinc, manganese, and lead in the wall of AAA were significantly greater than in the ILT. Only the concentration of copper was lower in the AAA wall compared with the thrombus. The concentration of calcium, phosphorus, zinc, lead, copper, and magnesium increased with ILT thickness. The concentrations of no other trace elements in the wall of AAA were found to be related to the ILT thickness.ConclusionsIntraluminal thrombus thickness is not associated with a lower concentration of trace elements in the wall of the infrarenal AAA. Thus, the intraluminal thrombus participates in the progression of AAA by mechanisms independent of trace element supply to the wall of the aneurysm sack.     

经阴道彩超联合腹部超声在异位妊娠中的诊治分析

目的：与经阴道彩超检查相比较探讨经阴道彩超联合腹部超声检查在异位妊娠中的诊治价值。方法：选取我院2009 年3月至2012 年12 月之间诊治的136 例疑为异位妊娠患者,其中70 例经阴道彩超联合腹部超声诊断,66 例经阴道彩超诊断,采用SPSS13.0 统计学软件对数据进行统计学分析,所有计数资料均行x2检验,以P〈0.05 为差异有统计学意义。结果：在70 例经阴道彩超联合腹部超声检查的病例中,有68 人与手术结果相符合,诊断符合率达97.10%,1 例误诊,1 例漏诊;在另外66 例经阴道彩超检查患者中,有59例与手术结果相符合,诊断符合率为89.40%,6 例误诊,1 例漏诊。结论：经阴道彩超与经腹部超声的联合相对于经阴道彩超而言,诊断的准确率有所提高,决定这一结果的关键因素在于腹部超声减少了误诊例数。     

负压封闭引流技术在腹部带蒂皮瓣供瓣区的应用

目的:探讨负压封闭引流(vaccumsealingdrainage,VSD)技术在腹部带蒂皮瓣供瓣区中的治疗作用。方法:10例上肢深度创面大小为9×6 cm-14×9 cm,创面清创后行腹部带蒂皮瓣移植,皮瓣面积10×7 cm-20×15 cm,供瓣区应用VSD覆盖,医用半透性贴膜封闭整个术区,连接中心负压,持续低负压吸引,每日外用1000 mL生理盐水持续冲洗VSD。约3周后行皮瓣断蒂术,供瓣区植皮。结果:10例皮瓣全部存活,1例患者术后当天引流区域出现疼痛,经止痛治疗后未再出现。1例患者术后2周出现VSD堵塞,经处理后恢复正常引流。无VSD装置更换病例。供瓣区周边皮肤无浸渍及感染现象,VSD撤除后见基底肉芽组织生长新鲜,创面均无感染,移植皮片存活。结论:VSD技术可以有效保护供瓣区,刺激肉芽生长,为后期皮片移植闭合创面提供了良好条件。VSD技术可安全有效的应用于腹部带蒂皮瓣供瓣区。