黄花蒿中青蒿素含量的RP-HPLC法测定

建立黄花蒿中青蒿素的高效液相色谱测定方法,采用柱前衍生RP-HPLC法测定黄花蒿中青蒿素的含量,采用ZORBAXXDB-C18(4.6mm×150mm,5μm)色谱柱,甲醇-0.01mol/L醋酸钠-醋酸缓冲液(pH5.8,体积比62∶38)为流动相;检测波长:260nm;流速:0.8mL/min;柱温:30℃。对广西、沈阳、北京、郑州、苏州和杭州等不同产地的野生黄花蒿样品、以及同一产地不同采集时间黄花蒿样品进行检测,结果表明不同地区青蒿素含量差异很大,同一地区不同采集时间黄花蒿样品的青蒿素含量也有差异。该法准确可靠、重现性好,能准确地反映青蒿素含量的检测。     

黄花蒿对4种受体植物的化感作用研究

采用室内生物测定法,以小麦、燕麦、黄瓜和萝卜为受体,研究了黄花蒿对受体植物的化感作用,结果显示:黄花蒿水浸提液对小麦、燕麦的化感综合效应(SE)为56.29、57.17;其地上部淋溶物对小麦和黄瓜表现为抑制作用,对燕麦和萝卜表现为促进作用;其茎叶挥发物对4种受体植物根长生长有较强的抑制作用;其残体分解物前10d对受体有很强的抑制作用,根系分泌物对小麦和燕麦抑制作用较强,对萝卜和黄瓜表现为促进作用。结果表明,黄花蒿5种不同途径来源的化感物质对4种受体植物都有不同程度的化感作用,且黄花蒿主要是通过地上部淋溶、挥发向环境中释放化感物质,其次是通过根系分泌物对授体植物产生化感作用。     

黄花水龙与水龙形态及结构的比较观察

在国内长期以来都将开黄花和开白花的水龙归并为水龙（ＪｕｓｉａｅａｒｅｐｅｎｓＬ．）一个种。我们将两者从野外引种栽培,对其形态特征进行比较观察,在结构上从宏观到微观进行解剖研究。发现两者之间在形态结构上确有许多相似的特征。但两者花色的不同却是显著而且稳定,花的内部结构和花粉壁纹饰的差异也是很明显的。这些差异已构成它们各自独为一个种的条件,因此,我们认为应将开黄花的水龙恢复为一独立种———黄花水龙（Ｊ．ｓｔｉｐｕｌａｃｅａＯｈｗｉ）     

云南姜科新植物

直立草本,高0.3—0.4米。根茎小,具香味,具纺锤状块根。叶椭圆形,长20—24厘米,宽7—8厘米,顶端渐尖,基部楔形,叶面无毛,背面密被细的短柔毛;叶柄长4—7厘米,淡绿色,无毛。穗状花序卵形或卵圆形,从根茎抽出。长4.5—6厘米,宽2.5—3厘米;总花梗长5—9厘米,具淡紫     

Response of radial growth to climate change for Larix olgensis along an altitudinal gradient on the eastern slope of Changbai Mountain,Northeast China

AimsTo further understand the sensitivity of tree growth to climate change and its variation with altitude, particularly the growth-climate relationship near the timberline, the radial growth of Larix olgensis in an oldgrowth forest along an altitudinal gradient on the eastern slope of Changbai Mountain was investigated. MethodsThe relationships between climate factors and tree-ring index were determined using bootstrapped response functions analysis with the software DENDROCLIM2002. Redundancy analysis, a multivariate “direct” gradient analysis, and its ordination axes were constrained to represent linear combinations with meteorological elements. The analysis was used to clarify the relationship between tree-ring width indexes at different elevations and climate factors during the period 1959-2009.Important findings indicated: (1) Tree ring chronologies from high altitudes were more superior than other samples in terms of growth-climate relationship, revealing that trees at high altitudes are more sensitive to climate variation than at low sites, (2) Tree growth was mainly affected by temperatures of from before and through growing season in previous year, especially in June and August. In comparison, tree growth in the low elevation was regulated by the combination of precipitation of August and Palmer drought severity index (PDSI) of September in current year, (3) Trees growing below timberline appeared to be more sensitive to climate warming; small extents of habitat heterogeneity or disturbance events beyond timberline may have masked the response, hence the optimal sites for examining growth trends as a function of climate variation are considered to be just below timberline, and (4) Redundancy analysis between the three chronologies and climate factors showed the same results as that of the correlation analysis and response function analysis, and this is in support of previous conclusion that redundancy analysis is also effective in quantifying the relationship between tree-ring indexes and climate factors.     

黄花蒿培养细胞中青蒿素合成代谢的体外调节

黄花蒿培养细胞通过两步培养积累青蒿素．第１步在含有０．２～０．４ｍｇ／Ｌ６－苄基氨基嘌呤（６－ＢＡ）和３～４ｍｇ／Ｌ吲哚乙酸（ＩＡＡ）的Ｎ６培养基中进行细胞的增殖培养,第２步将培养好的细胞转入含０．２～０．４ｍｇ／Ｌ６－ＢＡ和０．２～０．４ｍｇ／ＬＩＡＡ的改良Ｎ６培养基中进行青蒿素的合成．青蒿素的合成量为１９０μｇ／ｇ干细胞左右．当在第２步培养中加入青蒿素合成前体青蒿酸,青蒿素合成量比仅靠激素诱导提高了３倍多．青蒿素的合成途径是植物固醇合成途径的分支途径,当在青蒿素合成过程即第２步培养中加入固醇生物合成抑制剂双氯苯咪唑和氯化氯胆碱处理,可使代谢向合成青蒿素的方向移动,青蒿素合成量明显提高．经２００ｍｇ／Ｌ氯化氯胆碱处理２ｄ,黄花蒿细胞合成青蒿素量为３７２μｇ／ｇ干细胞;经２０ｍｇ／Ｌ双氯苯咪唑处理４ｄ,黄花蒿细胞合成青蒿素量为１５４０μｇ／ｇ干细胞,比靠激素诱导提高了８倍多,与诱导脱分化细胞的黄花蒿叶中所含的青蒿素（３０００μｇ／ｇ干细胞）处于同一个数量级．以上结果表明：在通过植物激素调节可以合成青蒿素的黄花蒿培养细胞中,缺乏青蒿素合成前体是青蒿素合成量低的重要原因．因此,在青蒿素合成的过程中通过体外调节,     

黄花远志的新齐墩时烷型三萜皂甙

从云南产远志科药用植物黄花远志茎皮的乙醇提取物中何妨以４个新的齐墩果烷型三萜皂甙,人花远志皂甙Ａ－Ｄ。同时还分离得到１个已知的三萜皂甙远志甙ＸＸＸＶ。它们的结构通过波谱方法推定。     

地球年轮——“金钉子”的故事：湖北黄花场的秘密

2007年5月国际地质科学联合会（IUGS,简称”地科联”）批准我国湖北省宜昌市至兴山县主干公路旁的黄花场剖面（北纬30°51’37．8″;东经110°22＇26．5”）为全球中和下奥陶统暨奥陶系第三个阶（大坪阶）的界线层型剖面和点位（GSSP）,俗称“金钉子”。这是世界第66枚、中国第7枚“金钉子”,也是地球年轮中奥陶纪时期的最后一枚“金钉子”,距今4．72亿年。     

哈尔滨地区蒿属花粉过敏临床流行病学调查

目的:评估哈尔滨地区大籽蒿花粉、黄花蒿花粉、艾蒿花粉在蒿属花粉过敏人群中的分布情况.方法:在问诊疑似蒿属花粉过敏患者中,用大籽蒿花粉变应原点刺液、黄花蒿花粉变应原点刺液、艾蒿花粉变应原点刺液、阴性对照液、阳性对照液同时点刺诊断,通过测定点刺液与阳性对照产生丘疹面积的比值来判断患者对蒿属花粉的过敏程度,重点评估三种蒿属花粉在过敏人群中的分布情况.结果:306例问诊疑似蒿属花粉过敏患者中,272例病人通过点刺确诊为蒿属花粉过敏病人,并且对三种蒿属花粉变应原点刺均阳性.哈尔滨地区蒿属花粉过敏患者对三种蒿属花粉均过敏,不同病人对三种蒿属花粉反应性存在差异性.结论:大籽蒿花粉变应原、黄花蒿花粉变应原、艾蒿花粉变应原三种蒿属花粉变应原有交叉免疫原性,但也存在其特异性.