Structures, Components and Functions of Secretory Tissues in Houttuynia cordata

Houttuynia cordata Thunb., traditionally used as a therapeutic plant in folk medicine, has shown antioxidant and anticancer activities. The species, as a core component of paleoherbs, is normally characterized based on the presence of different types of secretory tissue： oil cells, three types of secretory cells and glandular hairs. The aim of this work was to study the structural, componential, and the functional characteristics of the secretory tissues in both the floral and vegetative parts. The results indicate that oil cells and secretory cells are distributed in all organs of the plant, while glandular hairs are situated on the aerial stems and leaves. Both oil cells and glandular hairs initiate from the protoderm, but their developmental processes are different. Although three types of secretory cells initiate from different primary meristems, the developmental patterns of different secretory cells are the same. Also, although the origins of secretory cells are different from oil cells, their early developmental processes are the same. Histochemical results show that oil cells, secretory cells and glandular hairs produce flavonoids, phenolic compounds, tannins, lipids, aldehyde and ketone-compounds. In addition, there are terpenoids and pectic-like substances in oil cells, alkaloids in secretory cells of aerial stems, and terpenoids and alkaloids in glandular hairs. These compounds play very important roles in protecting plants from being eaten by herbivores （herbivory） and infected by microbial pathogens. The oil cell and secretory cell, as unicellular secretory tissues, are intermediates between the primitive surface glandular and secretory cavity and canal during the evolution of secretory structures.     

铅、锌及其交互作用对鱼腥草(Houttuynia cordata)叶绿素含量及抗氧化酶系统的影响

采用营养液培养方法研究铅、锌及其交互作用对鱼腥草叶绿素含量及抗氧化酶系统的影响。实验结果显示，随着Pb浓度的增加，鱼腥草叶绿素含量逐渐降低但无显著变化。Zn在一定浓度下能提高鱼腥草叶绿素含量，而在高浓度Zn胁迫下，叶绿素含量急剧下降。鱼腥草叶片中SOD、POD和CAT3种酶活性都是随着Pb浓度的增加先上升后下降。随着Zn浓度的增加，SOD和CAT也是先上升后下降，POD则是逐渐上升。Pb—Zn交互作用增加了鱼腥草叶绿素含量，对SOD和POD活性具有抑制作用，对CAT活性影响不明显。同时研究结果还表明，单一Pb、Zn对鱼腥草叶绿素含量和抗氧化酶系统的影响大于Pb、Zn二者的共同作用，其中高浓度Zn对鱼腥草的伤害作用最大，而当溶液Pb处理浓度达到400mg／L时，鱼腥草仍能正常生长，说明鱼腥草具有较强的耐Pb能力。     

3种中药对分枝杆菌抗菌作用的研究

本文介绍野菊花、鱼腥草及鬼针草对强毒人型结核分枝杆菌(H_(37)Rv)、堪萨斯分枝杆菌和胞内分枝杆菌的抗菌作用。结果表明,对H_(37)Rv野菊花水煎剂的最低抑菌浓度为2.5mg/ml,鱼腥草水煎剂为10mg/ml,鬼针草水煎剂未见明显作用;对堪萨斯分枝杆菌野菊花和鱼腥草水煎剂的最低抑菌浓度均为10mg/ml,鬼针草水煎剂为5mg/ml;对胞内分枝杆菌3种中药水煎剂均未显示出抗菌作用。选用有抗菌作用的中药,以超薄切片技术,电镜观察细胞超微结构变化特点。野菊花作用后的H_(37)Rv主要是细胞壁发生改变,     

鱼腥草内生微生物的分布特征初探

为了探明鱼腥草中内生菌的分布规律,便于有目的筛选有益菌株,对湖南农业大学附近一农户栽培鱼腥草不同器官中内生菌的数量分布及细菌的一般特性进行了研究.结果 表明,鱼腥草根、茎、叶中都存在大量内生菌,总的数量趋势是根大于茎,茎大于叶.,同时各器官中细菌数大于放线菌数,放线菌数大于真菌数(叶中真菌数大于放线菌数).各器官中的内生细菌以革兰氏阴性芽胞杆菌为主,其中茎表现最为明显.     

超临界CO2萃取鱼腥草的挥发油成分

从萃取的压力、温度、流量和时间等条件探讨超临界CO2萃取对鱼腥草(Houttuynia cordata Thunb.)挥发油萃取率的影响,确定最佳萃取条件为萃取压力20mPa、温度35℃、CO2流量40kg/h和萃取时间80min,鱼腥草挥发油得率为1．76％。而水蒸气蒸馏提取和石油醚提取的得率分别为0．05％和0．08％。超临界CO2法萃取的鱼腥草挥发油收率高,萃取时间短。     

鱼腥草挥发油的化学成分

The volatile oils from Houttuynia cordata Thunb. were obtained with supereritical CO2, steam distillation and petroleum ether extraction and analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively by GC-MS. The results showed that the chemical constituents of the volatile oils by three different methods are very different. The extraction rates of volatile oil by above-mentioned three extraction methods are 1.764%, 0.040% and 0.082%, respectively. The volatile oil extracted by supercritical CO2 extraction, which the content of houttuyninum reached 14.393 %, is better than those with traditional methods.     

鄂西北产鱼腥草提取物体外抗氧化性的四种化学方法评价

采用α-脱氧核糖法、邻苯三酚自氧化法、DPPH法、铁氰化钾还原法等4种国内外常用的体外抗氧化活性检测方法,对鄂西北产鱼腥草石油醚提取物、无水乙醇提取物、乙酸乙酯提取物、三氯甲烷提取物的抗氧化性进行化学评价,结果表明鱼腥草提取物具有一定抗氧化性,其浓度与其抗氧化活性强弱顺序一致。     

鱼腥草多糖的抑菌作用

目的:研究鱼腥草多糖的抑菌作用。方法:以鱼腥草新鲜全草为原料,采用水提醇析法和超声波协助提取鱼腥草多糖;运用琼脂扩散法分析检测鱼腥草多糖的抑菌作用。结果与结论:所提取的鱼腥草多糖对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌有一定的抑制作用,且通过超声波提取的多糖抑菌效果更好。     

鱼腥草等根茎类植物高效栽培新技术

通过采用"无纺土工布垫底、布上排放种茎、育苗基质覆盖"的方法,栽培野生根茎类植物。新技术优化了作物地下茎的生长环境,降低了田间杂草和地下害虫的危害,减少农田施药造成的环境污染,促进地下茎及植株快速生长,使其高产优质;同时,还大大减轻了工作强度、节约了工时,有效降低了生产成本。该技术主要包括:大田准备、种茎消毒、无纺土工布铺设、种茎排放、育苗基质覆盖、田间肥水管理等步骤。     

鱼腥草光合蒸腾特性及影响因素的分析

在自然条件下,对鱼腥草叶片光合蒸腾特性测定结果表明,其净光合速率(Pn)和蒸腾速率(T r)日变化曲线均为“单峰”型,峰值出现在13:00左右.相关分析表明,与鱼腥草Pn和T r有显著或极显著相关关系的环境因子为光量子通量密度(PFD)和相对湿度(RH),生理因子为气孔导度(G s)和叶片温度(T l).环境因子对光合蒸腾的回归分析和通径分析结果表明,PFD和C a是Pn的主要影响因子,而PFD和T a则是T r的主要影响因子.