嵌入式设计论坛在沪举行

随着科学技术的发展,医疗器械领域已凸显出数字医疗将成为最大的发展趋势之一。应用嵌入式设计有利于产品升级换代与创新,缩短开发周期,提高产品的档次与品质,扩展功能,方便操作使用。     

Manipulation of autophagy by HCMV infection is involved in mTOR and influences the replication of virus

Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved cellular degrad- ation process, in which intracellular components are digested by the lysosomal pathway. While this process maintains cel- lular homeostasis by constitutively recycling cytoplasmic organelles and proteins, it can also be stimulated by environ- mental stress conditions, such as starvation, oxidative stress, and accumulation of misfolded proteins. During viral infec- tion, autophagy can act as a host surveillance mechanism, where viral antigens are delivered to endosomal and lyso- somal compartments enriched in immune sensors that can activate autophagy upon stimulation. Viruses, in turn, have adapted several ways in which to evade this antiviral mech- anism. While many viruses block various points along the autophagic pathway, some actively subvert autophagy for their own benefit. It has been proposed that viral manipula- tion of autophagy might directly and/or indirectly facilitate most stages of the viral lifecycle. In some circumstances, autophagy can act as a pro-viral pathway promoting viral replication or exiting from cells [1]. For example, hepatitis C virus （HCV） induces autophagosome accumulation, but then inhibits their ability to fuse with lysosomes [2]. HCV may also require autophagy during early infection [3]. For human cytomegalovirus （HCMV）, however, there is controversy surrounding whether it stimulates autophagy during early in- fection [4] or inhibits autophagy [5,6]. In the present study, we investigated whether and how HCMV modulates autophagy in vitro over time. Human erythroleukemia （HEL） cells were infected with HCMV at 1 plaque forming unit （PFU）/cell for 0, 12, 24, 36, 48, and 60 h and stained with acridine orange （Sigma, St Louis, USA） to evaluate autophagosome formation by flow cyto- metry. HCMV first triggered, then later inhibited, acidic vesicle and autolysosome accumulation,     

出版说明

《中华细胞与干细胞杂志(电子版)》每期一张光盘并附赠纸质导读一本。本刊信息容量大,所设栏目丰富,图文并茂。为方便读者阅读光盘,在纸质导读中列出了光盘内所有栏目内容(未含图和视频)及目录。本光盘可在Windows 98/2000/xp/7操作环境下运行。     

总编碰头扩大会议

在2007年7月的成都会议、上海会议上,我们建议:在学会领导下,以北京、上海综合优势为依托,以上海光学期刊联合编辑部为龙头,加强协作,共同组建光学期刊联合舰队,以加速我国光学期刊的网络化、自动化、国际化步伐。随后,应邀参加国家自然科学基金委信息科学部于12月在福州召开的     

基因操作的运载体

随着遗传工程研究的深入,新的运载体不断出现,使人难以跟上它的发展。