元谋干热河谷实生印楝人工林产量和品质与叶片养分含量之间的关系

应用临界值浓度法、DRIS图解法和指数法等叶片营养诊断分析方法,研究了元谋干热河谷地区的实生印楝人工林产量和品质与叶片养分含量之间的关系.结果表明:6月份所采集的印楝叶片其养分含量与印楝产量之间存在显著线性相关;获得印楝高产的叶片全N、全P和全K的临界值分别为15.09、1.22和7.68 g·kg-1,相应的最适范围分别为15.09 ～ 22.68、1.22～1.59和7.68 ～9.17 g·kg-1;低产印楝人工林的叶片养分的DRIS图解法和DRIS指数法诊断结果基本一致,它们对N、P、K的需求次序均为P＞N＞K,并且这一结果与当地土壤本底肥分检测结果相印证.此外,叶片养分含量与印楝素含量之间不存在相关性,可能与印楝素本身的遗传因素有关,故不能在印楝实生群体中采用叶片营养诊断技术来进行种仁印楝素含量的诊断分析.     

下辽河平原杨树连栽对土壤养分、微生物生物量和酶活性的影响

以下辽河平原地区农田和不同退耕年限杨树林(一代10年生林,二代6年生林,二代15年生林)为对象,开展了退耕还林对土壤养分含量、微生物生物量和酶活性的研究.结果表明:1)土壤退耕还林后,除pH表现出一直上升趋势外,大部分养分含量和微生物生物量均在退耕初期表现出下降趋势,但随着退耕年限延长又逐渐恢复并呈现升高趋势.2)土壤基础呼吸和土壤过氧化氢酶活性均表现为林地显著大于农田水平,而磷酸酶和脲酶表现出相反趋势;3)垂直方向上,除了pH表现为表层低于下层外,其他大部分指标均为表层高于下层.结果表明,退耕还林初期,土壤肥力呈下降态势,但随着退耕年限的延长有恢复的趋势.该研究可为中国东北地区退耕还林工程提供参考.     

Effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on calorific value and contents of carbon and ash in Robinia pseudoacacia

该试验以根内球囊霉(Glomus intraradices)和地表球囊霉(G. versiforme)为接种剂, 研究了丛枝菌根真菌对刺槐(Robinia pseudoacacia)生物量、热值、含碳量、灰分、能量积累和碳素积累的影响。结果表明, 接种根内球囊霉和地表球囊霉对提高刺槐生物量、热值、能量积累和碳素积累都起到了重要作用。接种根内球囊霉和地表球囊霉后刺槐的总生物量比对照分别增加了89.61%和91.34%, 能量积累分别比对照增加102.20%和94.19%, 碳素积累分别比对照增加93.30%和77.21%; 同时发现刺槐的能量和碳主要分布在根系和叶, 而茎中能量和碳所占的比例较小。接种根内球囊霉提高了刺槐的干重热值, 其根、茎、叶的干重热值分别比对照增加7.72%、8.94%和8.41%; 接种地表球囊霉也显著(p < 0.05)提高了刺槐的干重热值, 但其效果低于根内球囊霉。接种根内球囊霉显著(p < 0.05)提高了刺槐根的含碳量, 对茎和叶的含碳量影响不明显。接种根内球囊霉和地表球囊霉都显著(p < 0.05)提高了刺槐茎和叶的去灰分热值。     

一种提取小鼠肠道中活体微生物的方法

目的 建立一种有效的肠道微生物提取方法,用于基于培养方法研究肠道微生物.方法 研究NaCl溶液体积、内容物振荡时间、离心转速和高速离心次数对肠道微生物提取数量、质量及其活性的影响.结果 在盛有适量玻璃珠的三角瓶中,将肠道内容物与0.85％的NaCl溶液按质量体积比(g∶mL)不大于1∶10进行混合,120 r/min漩涡振荡30 min,500 r/min离心5 min去除沉淀,将上清液分装于EP管中12 000 r/mim高速离心1次,弃去上清,在EP管中加入0.85％ NaCl溶液进行漩涡振荡使菌体充分分散,即可得到提取完全、质量高的小鼠肠道微生物.结论 该方法能够提取足够多的肠道微生物,并且保持其活性.     

不同产地天麻氨基酸的含量测定

氨基酸用途广泛,人们对氨基酸质量和品种的要求也越来越高.我国氨基酸从无到有,到现在的大市场份额,经历了五十多年的发展历程,其中包括谷氨酸、赖氨酸、苏氨酸和蛋氨酸在内的大品种氨基酸已经发展成为全球的主要供应品种,部分小品种氨基酸已形成自己的优势.绿色制造和现代生物技术的应用将成为氨基酸行业发展的主流.本文重点论述了我国氨基酸品种的现状、水平以及未来发展方向.     

Gene expression profiles of sodium-dependent vitamin C transporters in mice after alcohol consumption

Alcoholic liver disease （ALD） is a serious fiver problem in western countries. Our previous study has demonstrated that vitamin C plays a protective role in ALD. The vitamin C homeostasis is tightly regulated by sodium-dependent vitamin C transporters （SVCTs） 1 and 2. But the role of two SVCTs in ALD is less understood. In this study, we exam- ined the expression patterns of two SVCTs in mice after alcohol consumption. Our results suggested that alcohol con- sumption obviously increased the expression of two SVCTs in liver and SVCT1 in kidney and intestine, which is important for vitamin C absorption. Vitamin C supplement increased the sera vitamin C content and ameliorated the symptom of ALD. Intestinal absorption and renal re-absorption mediated by SVCTI are key factors to increase the sera vitamin C content after alcohol consumption. We proposed that both reactive oxygen species and low vitamin C concentration regulate the expression of SVCTs, and the protective role of vitamin C is mediated by suppressing the stability of hypoxia-inducible factor-loL. Thus, our study is significant for the understanding of vitamin C homeostasis in ALD and for better use of other antioxidants in ALD therapy.     

局部血含量和血氧含量在乳腺肿块诊断中的临床应用

目的:研究乳腺肿块中血含量和血氧含量的变化,探讨其在乳腺肿块早期诊断中的应用价值.方法:选取我院103例乳腺肿块住院患者进行乳腺血氧成像,超声,钼靶检查,通过与术后病理对比,比较3种检查方法的准确性、敏感性、特异性、阳性预测值及阴性预测值.结果:血氧成像技术,超声,钼靶准确率分别是95.1％,90.3％,85.4％;敏感性分别是95.2％,76.2％,66.7％;特异性分别是95.1％,93.9％,90.2％;阳性预测值分别是83.3％,76.2％,63.6％.阴性预测值分别是98.7％,93.9％,91.4％.血氧成像技术对乳腺肿块诊断的准确性、敏感性、特异性、阳性预测值及阴性预测值优于钼靶,但与超声相比无统计学意义.结论:检测乳腺肿块中血含量和血氧含量的变化,可为乳腺良、恶性肿块鉴别诊断提供依据,其敏感性,特异性,准确性,阳性预测值,阴性预测值均不低于超声或钼靶,对临床乳腺肿块的辅助诊断有较大的应用价值.     

双黄连粉针活性炭处理前后的对比试验研究

目的对比双黄连粉针剂加入活性炭处理前后的变化。方法在双黄连粉针剂中按工艺规程加入活性炭处理,按照成品质量标准项下含量测定方法进行含量测定,并监控指纹图谱,同时监控溶液颜色变化。结果有效物质含量几乎无变化,加活性炭前后三批药液的指纹图谱相似度大于0.999;溶液颜色有轻微变浅的趋势,但不明显。结论双黄连注射剂配剂过程中,活性炭处理对主要化学成分影响不显著。     

Oxidative-damage effect of Fe3O4 nanoparticles on mouse hepatic and brain cells in vivo

To assess the biological safety of Fe3O4 nanoparticles （NPs）, the oxidative-damage effect of these NPs was studied. Twenty-five Kunming mice were exposed to Fe3O4 NPs by intraperitoneai injection daily for 1 week at doses of 0, 10, 20, and 40 mg.kg1. Five Kunming mice were also injected with 40 mg.kg 1 ordinary Fe3O4 particles under the same physiological conditions. Biomarkers of reactive oxygen species （ROS）, glutathione （GSH）, and malondialdehyde （MDA） in the hepatic and brain tissues were detected. Results showed that no significant difference in oxidative damage existed at concentrations lower than 10 mg.kg i for NPs compared with the control group. Fe3O4 NP concentration had obvious dose-effect relationships （P〈 0.05 or P 〈 0.01） with ROS level, GSH content, and MDA content in mouse hepatic and brain tissues at〉20 mg.kg 1 concentrations. To some extent, ordinary Fe3O4 particles with 40mg.kg -1 concentration also affected hepatic and brain tissues in mice. The biological effect was similar to Fe3O4 NPs at 10 mg. kg-1 concentration. Thus, Fe3O4 NPs had significant damage effects on the antioxidant defense system in the hepatic and brain tissues of mice, whereas ordinary Fe3O4 had less influence than Fe3O4 NPs at the same concentration.