大鼠脊髓内生长抑素mRNA原位杂交的研究

采用地高辛标记生长抑素反意ＲＮＡ探针经原位杂交和显色后,光学显微镜下观察生长抑素ｍＲＮＡ在大鼠脊髓内的定位。结果显示：脊髓内含有大量呈紫蓝色的生长抑素ｍＲＮＡ阳性神经细胞,岍性磷酸酶反应产生     

Identification of molecular markers in soybean comparing RFLP,RAPD and AFLP DNA mapping techniques

Three different DNA mapping techniques—RFLP, RAPD and AFLP—were used on identical soybean germplasm to compare their ability to identify markers in the development of a genetic linkage map. Polymorphisms present in fourteen different soybean cultivars were demonstrated using all three techniques. AFLP, a novel PCR-based technique, was able to identify multiple polymorphic bands in a denaturing gel using 60 of 64 primer pairs tested. AFLP relies on primers designed in part on sequences for endonuclease restriction sites and on three selective nucleotides. The 60 diagnostic primer pairs tested for AFLP analysis each distinguished on average six polymorphic bands. Using specific primers designed for soybean fromEco RI andMse I restriction site sequences and three selective nucleotides, as many as 12 polymorphic bands per primer could be obtained with AFLP techniques. Only 35% of the RAPD reactions identified a polymorphic band using the same soybean cultivars, and in those positive reactions, typically only one or two polymorphic bands per gel were found. Identification of polymorphic bands using RFLP techniques was the most cumbersome, because Southern blotting and probe hybridization were required. Over 50% of the soybean RFLP probes examined failed to distinguish even a single polymorphic band, and the RFLP probes that did distinguish polymorphic bands seldom identified more than one polymorphic band. We conclude that, among the three techniques tested, AFLP is the most useful.     

甜菜碱醛脱氢酶在菠菜叶细胞中的定位

将菠菜叶片匀浆后．用差速离心和梯度率心分离叶绿体、过氧物酶体、微粒体等细胞器和１０００００×ｇ上清法部分。用酶活测定法测定各部分甜菜碱醛脱氢酶（ＢＡＤＨ）的活性;用免疫扩散法鉴定各组分的ＢＡＤＨ。除叶绿体外,过氧物酶体、微粒体．以及１０００００×ｇ上清液中也存在ＢＡＤＨ。     

具有中等毒性的马氏钳蝎神经毒素的纯化和初步晶体学研究

运用柱层析技术对产自淅川和常德的马氏钳蝎毒素进行分离纯化,得到８种哺乳动物神经毒素。运用制备型等电聚焦电泳技术,对常德样品中具有中等毒性的蝎神经毒素（ＢｍＫ５）进一步纯化,获得了高纯度样品。两个产地的蝎毒素ＢｍＫ５均已经成功地获得了大晶体。空间群均为Ｐ２１２１２１,晶胞参数分别为：ａ＝３８．４６埃,ｂ＝３７．２８埃,ｃ＝３６．９７埃（淅川）;ａ＝３８．４４埃,ｂ＝３７．５５埃,ｃ＝３６．８３埃（常德）。对两个产地的晶体分别收集了２．１埃（淅川）和１．６２埃（常德）分辨率的衍射数据。     

猪精子凝集素的纯化,性质及其作用

用胎球蛋白－Ｓｅｐｈａｒｏｓｅ亲和层析和凝胶过滤层析从精子和精浆中分离纯化了猪精子凝集素（简称ＢＳＬ）。ＢＳＬ的血凝活性只被若干糖蛋白和聚糖所抑制。ＢＳＬ的分子量为５６ｋｄ,由分子量分别为１３．６ｋｄ（β）和１６．０ｋｄ（α）的两个不同的亚基以α１β３所组成。ＢＳＬ为糖蛋白,含中性糖３．２％,不含唾液酸。用ＥＬＩＳＡ法测定猪精子中ＢＳＬ的含量及分布,表明７０％嵌入在精子膜中,２５％结合在精子表面,     

午间强光胁迫下SOD对大豆叶片光合机构的保护作用

晴天田间大豆叶片Ｐｎ与Ｐｒ均表现出明显的日变化,Ｐｎ日变化曲线里双峰型,中午前后降低。Ｐｒ随日照强度的增加而增加,至上午１１时左右达最大值,然后缓慢下降。普通空气及低氧空气中的ＡＱＹ均在中午前后降低。ＳＯＤ活性也有明显的日变化,最高值出现在下午１６时左右。强光下喷施ＳＯＤ抑制剂ＤＤＴＣ明显降低Ｐｎ及低氧空气中的ＡＱＹ;而在低于叶片光合作用饱和光强下喷施同样浓度ＤＤＴＣ则对Ｐｎ及低氧空气中的ＡＱＹ无明显影响。中午前后ＳＯＤ活性及Ｐｒ的增加对于保护光合机构免受强光的破坏具有重要意义。     

性激素对大白鼠胃粘液分泌的影响

通过雄、雌性大鼠去势,怀孕鼠,以及肌肉注射性激素的方法,观察内,外源性激素对胃粘液分泌的影响,采用Ａｌｃｉａｎ ｂｌｕｅ与胃液和胃壁粘液中糖蛋白结合的方法进行胃粘液测定,结果表明：雄、雌鼠胃粘液分泌无性别差异,去势夺雄、雌鼠胃粘液分泌无明显影响;怀孕鼠胃粘液分泌增加,丙酶睾酮对去势雄、雌鼠胃粘液分泌无影响,而戊酸雌二醇和孕酮可增加胃粘液分泌,提示：怀孕鼠胃粘液分泌的增加可能与雌激素和孕激素分泌增多     

Inhibition of Glutamate Dehydrogenase in Brain Mitochondria and Synaptosomes by Mg2+ and Polyamines: A Possible Cause for Its Low In Vivo Activity

Abstract: Magnesium and the polyamines putrescine, spermidine, and spermine inhibited the activity of glutamate dehydrogenase in permeabilized rat brain mitochondria in a concentration-dependent manner. The inhibitory effect was observed on both the reductive amination of 2-oxoglutarate and oxidative deamination of glutamate, as well as in the presence and absence of ADP and leucine, the allosteric activators of the enzyme. Kinetic studies at various concentrations of substrates showed that inhibition by magnesium and spermine was very pronounced at 2-oxoglutarate concentrations less than 0.5 m M and NADH levels less than 0.08 m M . The presence of the former compounds also accentuated the inhibitory effect of high concentrations of 2-oxoglutarate (>2.0 m M ) and NADH (>0.32 m M ). Addition of magnesium and spermine to suspensions of synaptosomes decreased the amount of ammonia produced from glutamate. It is suggested that polyamines and magnesium, normal constituents of mammalian brain, are responsible, at least in part, for the low glutamate dehydrogenase activity in vivo.     

Modulation by angiotensin III of nociception-related and arterial pressure-related neuronal responsiveness in the nucleus reticularis gigantocellularis of the rat

We evaluated possible modulation by angiotensin III (AIII) of the interactive effect of noxious stimuli and elevation in systemic arterial pressure on the responsiveness of neurons in the nucleus reticularis gigantocellularis (NRGC) of the medulla oblongata. Combined extracellular single-neuron recording and microiontophoresis were carried out on male, adult Sprague-Dawley rats anesthetized with pentobarbital sodium. The responsiveness of NRGC neurons to nociception (tail clamp) and/or transient hypertension elicited by phenylephrine (5 μg/kg, i.v.), in the absence or presence of AIII, was used as the experimental index. Microiontophoretic application of the heptapeptide suppressed the responses of spontaneously active NRGC neurons to individually delivered nociception or hypertension. Interestingly, the preferential reduction in responsiveness to tail clamp upon simultaneous elevation in arterial pressure was reversed to one that favored nociception in the presence of AIII. These actions of the heptapeptide appeared to be receptor-specific, since they were discernibly blocked by its selective antagonist, Ile⁷-angiotensin III. Our results reveal that neuropeptides such as AIII may differentially modulate neuronal responsiveness according to the prevailing physiologic input(s) to the central nervous system of the animal.