6种复配杀虫剂对七星瓢虫的毒力测定及风险评估

采用药膜法分别测定了10％甲维盐·茚虫威悬浮剂、12％甲维盐·虫螨腈悬浮剂、12％虫螨腈·虱螨脲悬浮剂、14％呋虫胺·螺虫乙酯悬浮剂、22％吡虫啉·螺虫乙酯悬浮剂和6％吡虫啉·高效氯氟氰菊酯悬浮剂6种复配杀虫剂对七星瓢虫Coccinella septempunctata Linnaeus幼虫急性毒性,并进行了初级风险评估.结果 显示,6种药剂对七星瓢虫48 h的LR5o(半致死用量,Median lethal rate)分别为0.812、2.255、4.082、22.735、6.755和0.00467 g a.i/hm2.在农田内暴露场景下,6种复配杀虫剂对七星瓢虫风险均不可接受;在农田外暴露场景下,仅有14％呋虫胺·螺虫乙酯悬浮剂和22％吡虫啉·螺虫乙酯悬浮剂对七星瓢虫风险可接受,其它均不可接受.结果 表明在田间最大推荐用量下,6种药剂对七星瓢虫的初级风险评价均存在高风险.     

拟南芥prr5突变体对ABA的响应

以拟南芥为材料,统计PRRs （pseudo-response regulators）突变体 prr5及其野生型经ABA处理后的萌发率、根长和NaCl处理后的萌发率,并采用实时定量PCR方法,对不同浓度ABA处理的拟南芥幼苗中的PRR5基因表达进行分析.结果表明：prr5突变体对ABA弱敏感,其种子萌发率比野生型显著或极显著增高,主根比野生型长,且PRR5基因表达受ABA抑制.同时,NaCl处理后,prr5的萌发率比野生型极显著增高.因此,推测prr5可能为ABA信号通路相关基因.     

Hydrogen-rich saline protects against intestinal ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats

Hydrogen gas was reported to reduce reactive oxygen species and alleviate cerebral, myocardial and hepatic ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injuries. This paper studied the effect of hydrogen-rich saline, which was easier for clinical application, on the intestinal I/R injury. Model of intestinal I/R injury was induced in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Physiological saline, hydrogen-rich saline or nitrogen-rich saline (5 ml/kg) was administered via intravenous infusion at 10 min before reperfusion, respectively. The intestine damage was detected microscopically and was assessed by Chiu score system after I/R injury. In addition, serum DAO activity, TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 levels, tissue MDA, protein carbonyl and MPO activity were all increased significantly by I/R injury. Hydrogen-rich saline reduced these markers and relieved morphological intestinal injury, while no significant reduction was observed in the nitrogen-rich saline-treated animals. In conclusion, hydrogen-rich saline protected the small intestine against I/R injury, possibly by reduction of inflammation and oxidative stress.     

N,N –Disubstituted piperazines and homopiperazines: Synthesis and affinities at α4β2* and α7* neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors

A series of N, N– disubstituted piperazines and homopiperazines were prepared and evaluated for binding to natural α4β2* and α7* neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) using whole brain membrane. Some compounds exhibited good selectivity for α4β2* nAChRs and did not interact with the α7* nAChRs subtype. The most potent analogs were compounds 8-19 (K_i = 10.4 μM), 8–13 (K_i = 12.0 μM), and 8–24 (K_i = 12.8 μM). Thus, linking together a pyridine π-system and a cyclic amine moiety via a homopiperazine ring affords compounds with low affinity but with good selectivity for α4β2* nAChRs.     

Efficient and fine mapping of RMES1 conferring resistance to sorghum aphid Melanaphis sacchari

Melanaphis sacchari causes serious damage to sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) growth, development and productivity in many countries. A dominant gene (RMES1) conferring resistance to M. sacchari has been found in the grain sorghum variety Henong 16 (HN16), but fine mapping of the RMES1 locus remains to be reported. In this study, genetic populations segregating for RMES1 were prepared with HN16 and BTx623 as parental lines. The latter had been used for sorghum genome sequencing but was found to be susceptible to M. sacchari in this work. A total of 11 molecular markers were mapped to the short arm of chromosome 6 harboring RMES1. The closest markers flanking the RMES1 locus were Sb6m2650 and Sb6rj2776, which delimited a chromosomal region of about 126 kb containing five predicted genes. The utility of the newly identified DNA markers for tagging RMES1 in molecular breeding of M. sacchari resistance, and further efforts in cloning RMES1, are discussed.     

Association between Ambient Temperature and Blood Pressure and Blood Pressure Regulators: 1831 Hypertensive Patients Followed Up for Three Years

Several studies have suggested an association between ambient air temperature and blood pressure. However, this has not been reliably confirmed by longitudinal studies. Also, whether the reaction to temperature stimulation is modified by other factors such as antihypertensive medication is rarely investigated. The present study explores the relationship between ambient temperature and blood pressure, without and with antihypertensive medication, in a study of 1,831 hypertensive patients followed up for three years, in two or four weekly check ups, accumulating 62,452 follow-up records. Both baseline and follow-up blood pressure showed an inverse association with ambient temperature, which explained 32.4% and 65.6% of variation of systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure (P<0.05) respectively. The amplitude of individual blood pressure fluctuation with temperature throughout a year (a 29 degrees centigrade range) was 9.4/7.3 mmHg. Medication with angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor benazepril attenuated the blood pressure fluctuation by 2.4/1.3 mmHg each year, though the inverse association of temperature and blood pressure remained. Gender, drinking behavior and body mass index were also found to modify the association between temperature and diastolic blood pressure. The results indicate that ambient temperature may negatively regulate blood pressure. Hypertensive patients should monitor and treat blood pressure more carefully in cold days, and it could be especially important for the males, thinner people and drinkers.     

糖尿病肾病与非糖尿病肾病维持性血液透析患者血钙、血磷及甲状旁腺激素水平的分析

目的：探讨糖尿病肾病（diabtic nephropgthy,DN）与非糖尿病肾病（non-DN）维持性血液透析患者（maintenance hemodialysis,MHD）血钙、血磷、甲状旁腺激素（intact parathyroid hormone,iPTH）水平的差异;分析其血钙、血磷、iPTH和糖化血红蛋白（glycosylated hemoglobin,HbA1c）水平的相关性。方法：选择沈阳军区总医院血液透析中心收治的148例MHD患者,分为糖尿病组（58例）和非糖尿病组（90例）,比较两组间血钙、血磷、甲状旁腺激素水平的差异,并分析其血钙、血磷、iPTH、HbA1c水平的相关性。结果：糖尿病组iPTH、血磷水平均明显低于非糖尿病组（P〈0.05）,两组血钙水平比较无明显差异。在非DN组中,iPTH与血钙水平呈显著负相关（r=-0.320,P=0.036）,iPTH与血磷水平呈明显正相关（r=0.426,P=0.005）。在DN组中,iPTH与血钙、血磷无显著相关性,而iPTH与HbA1C水平呈显著负相关（r=-0.732,P=0.007）。结论：糖尿病肾病血液透析患者的iPTH水平和血磷水平明显低于非糖尿病肾病血液透析患者,HbA1c可能抑制iPTH的分泌。     

姜黄素诱导人胰腺癌PANC-1细胞凋亡的机制研究

目的：胰腺癌恶性程度高、进展快、预后差,姜黄素对于抑制恶性肿瘤的发生和进程具有广泛的生物学效应。但姜黄素能否诱导人胰腺癌细胞凋亡,其具体作用机制如何？目前仍无报道。本研究拟观察姜黄素对人胰腺癌PANC．1细胞凋亡的影响,探讨姜黄素诱导PANC．1细胞凋亡的机制。方法：不同浓度姜黄素处理人胰腺癌PANC-1细胞,流式细胞仪检测PANC-1细胞凋亡率,并分析Caspase-9和Caspase-3活性的变化,同时通过RT—PCR和Westemblot分析PANC-1细胞中P53表达的变化。结果：PANC-1细胞经不同浓度的姜黄素处理后,可以显著诱导细胞凋亡,并呈现一定的剂量依赖性,提示姜黄素具有一定抗肿瘤活性。姜黄素能够同时增加Caspase-9和Caspase-3的活性,并呈现一定的剂量依赖性,提示姜黄素可能通过Caspase-9和Caspase-3途径来诱导PANC．1细胞凋亡的发生。RT—PCR和westernblot结果显示,姜黄素可以显著增加PANC-1细胞中P53蛋白表达水平。结论：姜黄素可以显著诱导PANC-1细胞凋亡的发生,提高Caspase-9和Caspase-3的活性,同时增加的P53表达,并呈现一定的剂量依赖性,提示姜黄素诱导PANC-1细胞凋亡的过程可能与增加细胞中Caspase-9,Caspase-3以及P53的表达有关。本研究探讨了姜黄素诱导PANC-1细胞凋亡的分子机制,为姜黄素的进一步应用提供了新的思路和理论支持,在人胰腺癌的临床治疗中具有一定的潜在应用价值。