大麻哈鱼生长激素基因Ⅱ的分子克隆和序列分析

以λ噬菌体ＥＭＢＬ－３为基因载体,构建大麻哈鱼（Ｏｎｃｏｒｈｙｎｃｈｕｓ　ｋｅｔａ）基因组文库,并从中分离出含全长的生长激素（ｃｓＧＨ）基因的克隆。本研究首次报道了对ｃｓＧＨ全长核苷酸序列分析的结果。发现ｃｓＧＨ基因由６个外显子和５个内含子组成,长度为３３６１碱基对（ｂｐ）。由该序列可推导出含２１０个氨基酸的多肽,其中存在２２个疏水氨基酸残基的信号肽。本研究所分析的ｃｓＧＨ的外显子和内含子,其排列方式与其他鲑类（Ｓａｌｍｏｎｉｄｓ）和罗非鱼（Ｔｉｌａｐｉａ）是相似的,而与鲤科鱼类（Ｃａｒｐｓ）不同,后者外显子和内含子的排列方式与哺乳类和鸟类相似。将所测定的 ｃｓＧＨ基因的编码区与已发表的 ｃｓＧＨⅡ和ｃｓＧＨ Ⅱ两种 ｃＤＮＡ序列进行比较,证明本研究所克隆的 ｃｓＧＨ基因应属于 ｃｓＧＨ Ⅱ,因它们的编码序列 １００％同源。     

Mg~(2 )对巯基修饰类囊体膜H~ -ATP酶的质子传导途径的调节效应

镁离子为巯基修饰类囊体还原型H~ -ATP酶光活化所必需。介质中MgCl_2浓度由2mmol/L增加到10mmol/L时,解联剂NH_4Cl对H~ -ATP酶光活化的抑制作用明显减弱,而对跨膜⊿pH的消除效应并未减轻。介质中Mg~(2 )浓度的增加不影响DCMU对H~ -ATP酶光活化的抑制作用。 介质中含40μmol/LADP时,低浓度NH_4Cl对H~ -ATP酶催化的刺激效应被消除,仅呈现抑制作用。这种NH_4Cl对H~ -ATP酶催化活性的抑制作用随着反应介质中Mg~(2 )浓度的增加而降低,因此认为Mg~(2 )参与质子传导途径的调节。     

硬蜱盾窝腺释放性信息素

用生物测定和对盾窝进行x-射线微区分析相结合的方法,研究了亚洲璃眼蜱雌蜱性信息素的释放与吸血和交配的关系.生物测定结果表明:雌蜱通过盾窝释放性信息素,有性活力动能的雄蜱有所反应,爬向雌蜱进行交配.雌蜱吸血后第1天,有反应的雄蜱数目显著增加;吸血后的第3—5天,有反应的雄蜱数目达到最高峰,交配后有反应雄蜱的数目明显下降.如果用指甲油封闭雌蜱盾窝,有反应的雄蜱数目显著减少.由于性信息素的有效成分为2,6-二氯酚,故用x-射线微区分析方法测定盾窝氯含量的变化,可以表明雌蜱性信息素的释放量,其结果与生物测定结果一致:未吸血的雌蜱台氯水平为0.62,吸血后第1—2天均增到5.87,有非常显著的差异(P<0.001).吸血后第3—5天含氯水平为10.23,达到最高峰,与吸血后第1—2天的相比,差异也很显著(p<0.001).与雄蜱交配后含氯不平又降至0.89,性信息素含量明显降低,与来吸血的雌蜱含量接近.     

分子进化研究：Ⅱ.5SrRNA序列的分形与分子进化的关系

本文根据分形理论的原理和方法,在对现行的计算核酸序列分维的方法进行修改的基础上,对各类生物的80余种5SrRNA序列的分维进行了计算,并结合耗散结构理论就其分维与分子进化的关系问题进行了研究和探讨。作者认为,5SrRNA序列的分维与其分子进化间的关系是一种复杂的非线性关系,在分子进化的过程中,序列的分维表现为随机涨落。     

血管紧张素Ⅱ2型受体基因缺失不影响肾素-血管紧张素系统

基于目前对血管紧张素Ⅱ2型受体(AT2)功能的认识,认为血管紧张素Ⅱ1型受体(AT1)和AT2受体有相互拮抗作用.依据上述论点,本研究利用AT2受体基因敲出小鼠,观察了AT2受体缺失后是否造成肾素-血管紧张素系统其它成分代偿性紊乱.结果发现,AT2受体基因缺失小鼠血浆和肾组织中血管紧张素Ⅱ的浓度以及肾组织中肾素、AT1A受体的基因表达均未发生明显改变,表明AT2受体缺失未对肾素-血管紧张素系统产生显著影响,AT2受体的功能已被代偿,但代偿途径尚有待于进一步研究.     

RFLP mapping and race specificity of bacterial blight resistance genes (QTLs) in rice

ＢａｃｔｅｒｉａｌｂｌｉｇｈｔｃａｕｓｅｄｂｙＸａｎｔｈｏｍｏｎａｓｏｒｙｚａｅｐｖ.ｏｒｙｚａ(Ｘｏｏ)ｉｓｏｎｅｏｆｔｈｅｍｏｓｔｓｅｒｉｏｕｓｒｉｃｅｄｉｓｅａｓｅｓｉｎＡｓｉａ.Ｓｉｎｃｅｔｈｅ1920ｓ,ｐｒｏｂｉｎｇｔｈｅｇｅｎｅｔｉｃｂａｓｉｓｏｆｒｅｓｉｓｔａｎｃｅｔｏＸｏｏａｎｄｂｒｅｅｄｉｎｇｒｅｓｉｓｔａｎｔｖａｒｉｅｔｉｅｓｈａｖｅｂｅｅｎａｈｏｔｐｏｉｎｔｏｆｒｉｃｅｓｃｉｅｎｃｅｒｅｓｅａｒｃｈ[1,2].Ｂｏｔｈｔｙｐｅｓｏｆｒｅｓｉｓｔａｎｃｅ,ＶＲ(ｑｕａｌｉｔａｔｉｖｅｒｅｓ…     

Preliminarily functional analysis of a cloned novel human gene ADAM29

ADAM is a family of type I integral membrane proteins which are characterized by sharing a disintegrin and metalloprotease domain and involved in many important physiological processes such as fertilization, neurogenesis and inflammatory response. A novel human ADAM gene--ADAM29, which was cloned in our laboratory, is exclusively expressed in human testis and contains a potential fusion domain. A full-length cDNA of ADAM29 was obtained by using multiple-step PCR. Phylogenetic tree of known mammalian ADAMs specifically expressed in testis was reconstructed. Polyclonal antiserum was raised by immunizing the rabbits with sub-peptide of ADAM29 (Leu268-Asp374) as immunogen. The result of immunohistochemical test on human testis showed that ADAM29 is expressed in different stages of spermatogenesis and in interstitial cells. ADAM29 may play a certain role in the signal transduction during the maturation of testis-associated cells.     

Smyth Chicken Melanocyte Autoantibodies: Cross-Species Recognition,In Vivo Binding,and Plasma Membrane Reactivity of the Antiserum

Smyth line (SL) chickens, which develop a depigmenting disorder similar to human vitiligo, produce circulating anti-melanocyte antibodies (Austin, L.M. et al., (1992) The detection of melanocyte autoantibodies in the Smyth chicken model for vitiligo. Clin. Immunol. Immunopathol., 64:112–120). In order to characterize these autoantibodies, we studied the reactivity of cultured chicken, mouse, and human melanocytes, as well as frozen sections of chicken feather follicles and embryonic eyes, against SL serum, employing indirect immunofluorescence. Light Brown Leghorn (LBL) serum was used as a negative control. Chicken (SL and LBL), mouse, and human melanocytes exhibited greater fluorescence with SL serum than with LBL serum (up to a 1:60,000 dilution). The fluorescent pattern was predominant along the perimeter of the cells, suggesting plasma membrane staining. Fluorescence-activated flow cytometry analysis and immunocytochemical localization at the ultrastructural level using intact chicken cells supported this hypothesis. Melanocytes were readily stained in cryosections of regenerating feather follicles and embryonic eyes incubated with SL, but not LBL, serum. In addition, amelanotic melanocytes in albino chicken feathers reacted with SL serum. SL serum also preferentially stained cells emigrating from cultured avian neural tubes and within the dermis of the proliferative germ of regenerating feather follicles suggesting that melanoblasts express the antigens. We conclude that Smyth line serum contains melanocyte autoantibodies that cross-react with mouse and human melanocytes, are able to bind to pigment cells within tissues, and recognize antigens expressed in the cytoplasm and on the surface of melanocytes and melanoblasts.     

紫芝基因组rDNA序列特征及ITS2二级结构比较

紫芝栽培品种‘紫芝S2’(武芝2号)的ITS序列与NCBI数据库中5个紫芝菌株/分离株相似度高达99.79%-100%,在系统进化树上相聚成一类。本研究预测‘紫芝S2’基因组与参考基因组中的rRNA基因簇,分析rDNA结构及各构件序列间的多态性。从高质量‘紫芝S2’基因组中挖掘得到完整rDNA,序列全长40.377 kb,由4组串联重复的(18S、5.8S、28S、5S) rRNA基因簇组成,并含有完整的基因内间隔区(ITS1、ITS2)和基因间间隔区(IGS1、IGS2)。在紫芝S2的rDNA中,高度保守的28S rRNA基因间出现3个SNP和2个插入(1 bp,10 bp)位点;虽然第4条ITS2中有1个SNP位点,但紫芝S2的4条ITS2在二级结构上的分子形态高度一致,与ITS2数据库中其他紫芝菌株仅存在螺旋区间夹角的微小差异。由‘紫芝S2’基因组rDNA的ITS2生成的DNA条形码与二维码,可以作为该栽培品种鉴定与同源物种其他菌株鉴别的分子标记。     

6—OHDA损毁背NE束对大鼠齿状回习得性长时程增强的影响

本工作用6-OHDA损毁大鼠双侧背去甲肾上腺素束,其后在条件性饮水反应建立中检测齿状回(DG)的突触效应及条件反应的变化,以探查NE在习得性长时程增强形成中的作用。结果如下:双测背NE束注6-OHDA(12μg/4μl)后,DG的群体锋电位(PS)的峰幅值持续下降,注药后第6天下降至50±6.3％,第12天下降至28±6.5％。在第6-12天这段时间,每天给大鼠进行20次训练,经7d 140次训练,DG并无习得性LTP产生,条件性饮水反应也不能建立,这些结果提示DG的NE的正常水平对其习得性LTP的形成是必要的,并提示脑干的蓝斑核可能通过背NE束对海马DG的习得性LTP的形成起调制作用。