华南胡椒化学成分的研究

从胡椒科植物华南胡椒（Ｐｉｐｅｒ ａｕｓｔｒｏｓｉｎｅｎｓｅ Ｃ．ＤＣ．）中分离出七个成分,经光谱分析和理化常数测定,分别鉴定为Ｎ－ｉｓｏｂｕｔｙｌ－３（３＇,４＇－ｍｅｔｈｙｌｅｎｅｄｉｏｘｙ－５＇－ｍｅｔｈｏｘｙｐｈｅｎｙｌ）－２Ｅ－ｔｒｉｍｏｎｏｉｅｎａｍｉｄｅ（Ｉ）、Ｎ－ｉｓｏｂｕｔｙｌ－７（３＇,４＇－ｍｅｔｙｌｅｎｅｄｉｏｘｙｐｈｅｎｙｌ）－２Ｅ,４Ｅ－ｈｅｐｔａｄｉｅｎａｍｉｄｅ（Ⅱ     

辽宁三角洲区域生态经济分区及其功能分析

应用主成分分析和系统聚类分析方法,将辽河三角洲划分为３个生态经济区和８个生态经济小区．通过对反映系统功能的３个表现属性的分析,评价了辽河三角洲农业生态经济系统的功能状况．     

我国仓贮昆虫病原芽孢杆菌的研究

对９５１个样品分离鉴定,有７４７个样品含芽孢杆菌,有菌率为７８．５５％．共分离得到芽孢杆菌１１３８株,其中苏云金杆菌（Ｂａｃｉｌｌｕｓｔｈｕｒｉｎｇｉｅｎｓｉｓ,简称Ｂ．ｔ）１４３株,占１２．５％;球形芽孢杆菌（Ｂａｃｉｌｌｕｓｓｐｈａｅｒｉｃｕｓ,简称Ｂ．ｓ）１１株,占０．９７％;其他芽孢杆菌９８４株,占８６．４０％．从芽孢杆菌中选出产生晶体、苏云金素或磷酸酯酶Ｃ（ＰｈｏｓｐｈａｌｉｐａｓｅＣ,简称ＰＬＣ）的毒素菌株１６８株,其中Ｂ．ｔ占１４３株,Ｂ．ｓ有５株,其他芽孢杆菌１０株．在产毒素菌株中,经测定有１２０株菌对供试昆虫毒性达标．占７７．９２％．不同菌株的杀虫毒素、杀虫范围和毒力各异,认为这种差异取决于毒素和虫种两方面的特异性．     

多年生黑麦草草地生态系统中放牧强度对草地结构及组织转化的影响

研究了放牧强度对多年生黑麦草人工草地蘖的形态、密度、草地生产率及组织转化的影响。结果表明,重牧条件下蘖密度大于轻牧,而轻牧的单株蘖重大于重牧。重牧划地净生产率大于轻牧,主要是由于轻和手条件下,草地的高的生长率被更高的枯死率所抵消。春夏之交,采用灵活的管理措施,转换放牧强度可以提高草地的生产率。     

中国无患子科的地理分布

无患子科是一个乏热带分布科,全世界有１４４属,１６８０种,本文着重阐述：１．无患子科的分类系统及演化;２．世界无患子科的地理分布;３．中国无患子科的地理分布;４．无患子科的早期化地点及散布途径。结果表明无患子科现代分布变异中心在亚洲（印度－马西亚）－非洲－南美洲。中国无患子科有２５属,５４种,特有成分外,均与印度一马来西亚共有,大多数位于分布区的边缘。根据化石记录及现代及分布推断,无患子科可能在白     

新的生物杀虫剂螨虫素对棉花、蔬菜害虫的毒力评价及应用技术研究

本文通过生物杀虫剂螨虫素对棉花、蔬菜害虫的毒力评价及田间应用研究表明,它对棉朱砂叶螨和菜青虫两种害虫杀伤力最强,其中LC90分别为0．078ppm和0．013ppm。兼有胃毒、触杀作用,残效期较长,分别达13天和9天。田间小区试验认为防治菜青虫和茄朱砂叶螨以2ppm浓度为宜。防治适期为卵孵化初期或低龄幼(若)虫（螨)期,其防效能达90%以上。该药特点用药量低、效果好、无公害、值得推广。     

L-异亮氨酸和甘氨酸对大肠杆菌表达与分泌邻苯二酚2,3-双加氧酶的作用

证实了甘氨酸与L-异亮氨酸对大肠杆菌表达邻苯二酚2,3-双加氧酶(CatO_2ase)的促进作用和甘氨酸促使该酶分泌至胞外培养基中的作用.产酶量高低和分泌量多少与培养基种类、甘氨酸和L-异亮氨酸的浓度以及培养时间等因素有关.在甘氨酸存在的情况下,胞壁对溶菌酶的敏感性有所增加,超微形态似有变化,还存在其他物质的伴随分泌,故甘氨酸可能是引起细胞壁结构的改变而导致邻苯二酚2,3-双加氧酶等胞内容物被动分泌至胞外.     

Flow-induced detachment of red blood cells adhering to surfaces by specific antigen-antibody bonds.

Fixed spherical swollen human red blood cells of blood type B adhering on a glass surface through antigen-antibody bonds to monoclonal mouse antihuman IgM, adsorbed or covalently linked on the surface, were detached by known hydrodynamic forces created in an impinging jet. The dynamic process of detachment of the specifically bound cells was recorded and analyzed. The fraction of adherent cells remaining on the surface decreased with increasing hydrodynamic force. For an IgM coverage of 0.26%, a tangential force on the order of 100 pN was able to detach almost all of the cells from the surface within 20 min. After a given time of exposure to hydrodynamic force, the fraction of adherent cells remaining increased with time, reflecting an increase in adhesion strength. The characteristic time for effective aging was approximately 4 h. Results from experiments in which the adsorbed antibody molecules were immobilized through covalent coupling and from evanescent wave light scattering of adherent cells, imply that deformation of red cells at the contact area was the principal cause for aging, rather than local clustering of the antibody through surface diffusion. Experiments with latex beads specifically bound to red blood cells suggest that, instead of breaking the antigen-antibody bonds, antigen molecules were extracted from the cell membrane during detachment.     

Aggregation efficiency of activated normal or fixed platelets in a simple shear field: effect of shear and fibrinogen occupancy.

Shear rate can affect protein adsorption and platelet aggregation by regulating both the collision frequency and the capture efficiency (alpha). These effects were evaluated in well defined shear field in a micro-couette for shear rate G = 10 - 1000 s-1. The rate of protein binding was independent of G, shown for adsorption of albumin to latex beads and PAC1 to activated platelets. The initial aggregation rate for ADP-activated platelets in citrated platelet-rich plasma followed second order kinetics at the initial platelet concentrations between 20,000 and 60,000/microliters. alpha values, which dropped nearly fivefold for a 10-fold increase in G, were approximately proportional to G-1, contrary to a minor drop predicted by the theory that includes protein cross-bridging. Varying ADP concentration did not change alpha of maximally activated platelet subpopulations, suggesting that aggregation between unactivated and activated platelets is negligible. Directly blocking the unoccupied but activated GPIIb-IIIa receptors without affecting pre-bound Fg on "RGD"-activated, fixed platelets (AFP) by GRGDSP or Ro 43-5054 eliminated aggregation, suggesting that cross-bridging of GPIIb-IIIa on adjacent platelets by fibrinogen mediates aggregation. Alpha for AFP remained maximal (approximately 0.24) over 25-75% Fg occupancy, otherwise decreasing rapidly, with a half-maximum occurring at around 2% occupancy, suggesting that very few bound Fg were required to cause significant aggregation.     

Saturated Molecular Map of the Rice Genome Based on an Interspecific Backcross Population

A molecular map has been constructed for the rice genome comprised of 726 markers (mainly restriction fragment length polymorphisms; RFLPs). The mapping population was derived from a backcross between cultivated rice, Oryza sativa, and its wild African relative, Oryza longistaminata. The very high level of polymorphism between these species, combined with the use of polymerase chain reaction-amplified cDNA libraries, contributed to mapping efficiency. A subset of the probes used in this study was previously used to construct an RFLP map derived from an inter subspecific cross, providing a basis for comparison of the two maps and of the relative mapping efficiencies in the two crosses. In addition to the previously described PstI genomic rice library, three cDNA libraries from rice (Oryza), oat (Avena) and barley (Hordeum) were used in this mapping project. Levels of polymorphism detected by each and the frequency of identifying heterologous sequences for use in rice mapping are discussed. Though strong reproductive barriers isolate O. sativa from O. longistaminata, the percentage of markers showing distorted segregation in this backcross population was not significantly different than that observed in an intraspecific F(2) population previously used for mapping. The map contains 1491 cM with an average interval size of 4.0 cM on the framework map, and 2.0 cM overall. A total of 238 markers from the previously described PstI genomic rice library, 250 markers from a cDNA library of rice (Oryza), 112 cDNA markers from oat (Avena), and 20 cDNA markers from a barley (Hordeum) library, two genomic clones from maize (Zea), 11 microsatellite markers, three telomere markers, eleven isozymes, 26 cloned genes, six RAPD, and 47 mutant phenotypes were used in this mapping project. Applications of a molecular map for plant improvement are discussed.