日本血吸虫尾蚴的组织化学及扫描电镜观察

日本血吸虫尾蚴具有一个头腺、2对前钻腺及3对后钻腺,其解剖学位置、构造、化学成分及功能均有区别。钻腺分泌物含有多糖酶及蛋白酶。尾蚴的前端系特化的头器结构,它具有半月形嵴、钻腺开口及乳突。     

中缝大核在臂旁内侧核区注射吗啡所致呼吸抑制效应中的作用

实验在33只浅麻醉、肌肉麻痹、人工呼吸及切断双侧颈迷走神经的家兔上进行。观察中缝大核区电解损毁或微量注射利多卡因对呼吸活动及臂旁内侧核区微量注射吗啡所致呼吸抑制效应的影响。结果是:电解损毀中缝大核区,使呼吸频率增加,膈神经放电的幅度和频率均无明显变化,而臂旁内侧核区微量注射吗啡抑制呼吸的程度减轻;中缝大核区微量注射利多卡因,则部分消除臂旁内侧核区微量注射吗啡的呼吸抑制效应。中缝大核旁网状结构电解损毁或微量注射利多卡因,不影响吗啡的呼吸抑制效应。上述结果提示,中缝大核区可能在脑桥臂旁内侧核区微量注射吗啡抑制呼吸的机制中起一定作用。     

不同时间频率光栅刺激引起的视觉诱发电位(VEP)方位效应的差异

以人视觉诱发电位(VEP)反应为指标,在不同的时间频率下测定了 VEP 对方波光栅刺激的反应幅度与光栅方位的关系。当光栅方位固定时,光栅闪烁的时间频率不同,VEP 反应的波形、潜伏期和反应频率差别很大,但其反应幅度均呈现方位选择性。当光栅的时间频率为9.1Hz时,光栅为垂直和水平方位时引起的 VEP 反应幅度比倾斜方位时都大,对任何光栅方位,VEP反应幅度与光栅对比度的对数呈线性关系;与此相反,当光栅时间频率为0.4Hz 时,光栅为倾斜方位时引起的 VEP 反应幅度比垂直和水平方位时更大。     

黑翅土白蚁生殖级幼蚁龄期划分及幼蚁发育与有翅成虫分飞的观察

自1976年来,我们在珙县、乐山、荣县采取定点、定巢和按月挖巢观察,在室内又对有翅成虫的幼蚁进行了体形测量,初步弄清了黑翅土白蚁Odontotermes formosanus(shiraki)有翅成虫的幼蚁龄数、发育史及有翅成虫的雌雄性比、巢群分飞周期等特性,现报道于后。 一、黑翅土白蚁有翅成虫的幼蚁龄期划分     

A retrovirus vector expressing the putative mammary oncogene int-1 causes partial transformation of a mammary epithelial cell line

In mammary tumors induced by the mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV), the int-1 gene is frequently activated by adjacent proviral insertions and is thereby strongly implicated in tumorigenesis. To seek a direct biological effect of int-1 that would validate its proposed role as an oncogene, we constructed a retrovirus vector containing the gene and examined its effects on tissue culture cells. Expression of int-1 in a mammary epithelial cell line caused striking morphological changes, unrestricted growth at high cell density, and focus formation on a monolayer, although the cells were not tumorigenic in vivo. This partial transformation induced by int-1 was not observed in cells infected by an otherwise identical virus bearing a frameshift mutation in the gene. These findings strongly support the hypothesis that int-1 plays a functional role in MMTV-induced mammary tumorigenesis.     

Rearrangement at the 5'' end of amplified c-myc in human COLO 320 cells is associated with abnormal transcription.

The proto-oncogene c-myc is amplified in sublines of human COLO 320 cells carrying either homogeneously staining chromosomal regions or double minutes. COLO 320 cells carrying homogeneously staining chromosomal regions have 15 to 20 copies of an apparently normal c-myc allele and 1 to 2 copies of an abnormal c-myc allele lacking exon 1 and express high levels of a normal c-myc mRNA 2.5 kilobases in size. COLO 320 cells carrying double minutes have about 25 copies each of the normal allele and the abnormal allele but express preferentially an abnormal c-myc mRNA 2.2 kilobases in size. Nucleotide sequence analyses revealed that the break point of rearrangement resulting in the loss of exon 1 in the abnormal allele lies within a region frequently rearranged in human and murine B-cell tumors.     

家兔脑桥臂旁内侧核区微量注射吗啡对中缝大核区单位放电的影响

实验在62只家兔上进行。结果观察到,中缝大核(NRM)区562个单位中,有118个单位的自发放电频率低,放电比较规则,动作电位时程长,易被微电泳5-羟色胺所阻遏,称为A 组单位。其余444个单位的自发放电频率高,动作电位时程短,称为B 组单位。大多数 B组单位对微电泳5-羟色胺不起反应。脑桥臂旁内侧核(NPBM)区微量注射吗啡(200μg/2μl)或静脉注射吗啡(3mg/kg)后,20个A 组单位中有19个发生兴奋效应,而49个B 组单位中仅有29个发生兴奋效应,而且A组单位发生兴奋的程度也比B组单位的高。这些结果提示,NRM区的A 组单位可能是5-羟色胺神经元,吗啡对这些神经元有相对选择性的兴奋作用。 在另外11只家兔上,应用辣根过氧化物酶(HRP)逆行追踪技术观察到,NPBM 区与NRM 区有纤维联系。 本实验结果提示,静脉注射吗啡所致的呼吸抑制,可能与吗啡作用于 NPBM,通过纤维联系,引起NRM 5-羟色胺神经元兴奋有关。     

Closed circular viral DNA and asymmetrical heterogeneous forms in livers from animals infected with ground squirrel hepatitis virus

To identify possible intermediates in the replication of ground squirrel hepatitis virus, we characterized the major forms of intracellular virus-specific DNA in the livers of infected ground squirrels. A variety of DNA species were found: covalently closed circular molecules, relaxed circular molecules, and a heterogeneous collection of molecules that migrated ahead of closed circular DNA during agarose gel electrophoresis. The heterogeneous DNA was at least partly single stranded, consisted of minus strands in a greater than eight-fold mass excess of plus strands, and was tightly associated with protein.     

Nucleotide sequencing of an apparent proviral copy of env mRNA defines determinants of expression of the mouse mammary tumor virus env gene.

To extend our understanding of the organization and expression of the mouse mammary tumor virus genome, we determined the nucleotide sequence of large regions of a cloned mouse mammary tumor virus strain C3H provirus that appears to be a DNA copy of env mRNA. In conjunction with analysis of several additional clones of integrated and unintegrated mouse mammary tumor virus DNAs, we came to the following conclusions: (i) the mRNA for env is generated by splicing mechanisms that recognize conventional eucaryotic signals at donor and acceptor sites with a leader of at least 289 bases in length; (ii) the first of three possible initiation codons for translation of env follows the splice junction by a single nucleotide and produces a signal peptide of 98 amino acids; (iii) the amino terminal sequence of the major virion glycoprotein gp52env is confirmed by nucleotide sequencing and is encoded by a sequence beginning 584 nucleotides from the 5' end of env mRNA; (iv) the final 17 amino acids at the carboxyl terminus of the primary product of env are encoded within the long terminal repeat by the 51 bases at the 5' end of the U3 domain; and (v) bases 2 through 4 at the 5' end of the long terminal repeat constitute an initiation codon that commences an open reading frame capable of directing the synthesis of a 36-kilodalton protein.