西藏飞蝗九个地理种群群居型形态特征的数量分析

为探讨群居型西藏飞蝗Locusta migratoria tibetensis Chen地理种群数量性状关系,从青藏高原9个地区采集到不同地理种群,以数值分析对形态指标及其比值进行了分析。结果表明,前翅长度(E)、后足股节长度(F)、头宽(C)形态指标和E/F、F/C两个比值可以作为分析种群关系的参数。聚类分析和主成分分析结果相似,能够较好地说明青藏高原9个种群的地理变异和种群相互关系,9个地理种群可以分三个类群,即第Ⅰ类群包括百巴(BB)与八美(BM)种群;第Ⅱ类群包括普兰(PL)、扎囊(ZN)、洛须(LX)种群;第Ⅲ类群包括噶尔(GE)、香孜(XZ)、日土(RT)、那嘎(NG)种群。     

Genealogy and palaeodrainage basins in Yunnan Province: phylogeography of the Yunnan spiny frog,Nanorana yunnanensis (Dicroglossidae)

Historical drainage patterns adjacent to the Qinghai‐Tibetan Plateau differed markedly from those of today. We examined the relationship between drainage history and geographic patterns of genetic variation in the Yunnan spiny frog, Nanorana yunnanensis, using approximately 981 base pairs of mitochondrial DNA partial sequences from protein‐coding genes ND1 and ND2, and intervening areas including complete tRNA^Ile, tRNA^Gln and tRNA^Met. Two null hypotheses were tested: (i) that genetic patterns do not correspond to the development of drainage systems and (ii) that populations had been stable and not experienced population expansion, bottlenecking and selection. Genealogical analyses identified three, major, well‐supported maternal lineages, each of which had two sublineages. These divergent lineages were completely concordant with six geographical regions. Genetic structure and divergence were strongly congruent with historical rather than contemporary drainage patterns. Most lineages and sublineages were formed via population fragmentation during the rearrangement of paleodrainage basins in the Early Pliocene and Early Pleistocene. Sympatric lineages occurred only in localities at the boundaries of major drainages, likely reflecting secondary contact of previously allopatric populations. Extensive population expansion probably occurred early in the Middle Pleistocene accompanying dramatic climatic oscillations.     

免疫法筛选酵母HSA-IL-11融合蛋白转化子

报道了一种筛选高表达融合蛋白HSA-IL-11的毕赤酵母转化子的免疫双膜筛选法.将生长在醋酸纤维素滤膜上的转化子进行原位诱导,再用硝酸纤维素滤膜对表达的蛋白进行原位捕捉,并经封闭过夜后使用抗HSA抗体进行免疫杂交,再用标记二抗进行显色.根据显色强弱将转化子分为强阳性、中等和阴性三类,再用抗IL-11抗体进行复筛验证.结...     

创伤患者急性肾功能损伤诊断与治疗

目的:探讨患者创伤后发生急性肾损伤的患者发病率、临床特点以及发病危险因素,以便有效预防和及早治疗。方法:回顾性分析我院重症监护室2004年1月至2010年12月收治的创伤患者相关临床资料,分析创伤后急性肾损伤的发病率以及发病危险因素。结果:共有106例患者纳入我们的研究,其中47例患者创伤后并发急性肾损伤。在发生急性肾损伤患者中,平均年龄为31±19岁,84.6%为男性;其中25例为脓毒血症引起,18例是因为低血压导致急性肾功能损伤。所有患者中,24例患者出现了少尿的症状,19例患者进行了透析治疗。腹部外伤[(OR)=3.66,P=0.027]和应用呋塞米[(OR=4.10,P=0.026)]是发生急性肾损伤的危险因素。结论:急性肾损伤时创伤后的严重并发症之一,死亡率高。只有找到创伤后发生急性肾损伤的危险因素,才能有效预防和及早治疗。     

ABCA1基因多态性R219K与帕金森症和阿尔兹海默症发病率的相关性研究

目的:探讨与研究三磷酸腺苷结合盒转运体A1 (Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-binding cassette transporter A1)基因多态性R219K与帕金森症(Parkinson disease,PD)和阿尔兹海默症(Alzheimer disease,AD)发病率的相关性。方法:选择2016年2月到2019年8月在本院门诊与住院的帕金森症患者42例作为PD组,同期选择本院门诊与住院的阿尔兹海默症患者42例作为AD组,同期选择本院门诊健康体检者84例作为对照组。调查入选者的一般资料,检测三组血液样本的ABCA1基因多态性R219K情况并进行相关性分析。结果:AD组低密度脂蛋白(low-density lipoprotein,LDL-C)、总胆固醇(total cholesterol,TC)、甘油三酯(triglyceride,TG)与尿酸(Uric acid,UA)均低于对照组,而高密度脂蛋白(high-density lipoprotein,HDL-C)、同型半胱氨酸(homocysteine,Hcy)值高于对照组(P0.05);AD组TC均低于PD组,而HDL高于PD组。PD患者HDL-C均低于对照组,而LDL、TC和TG与对照组无差异(P0.05),三组空腹血糖(Fasting blood glucose,FBG)值对比差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。PD组与AD组的ABCA1 R219K GA基因型、A等位基因频率都显著高于对照组(P0.05),PD组与AD组对比差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。在168例入选者中,直线相关分析显示ABCA1 R219K GA基因型与A等位基因与帕金森症或阿尔兹海默症发生有显著相关性(P0.05)。结论:ABCA1基因多态性R219K在帕金森症和阿尔兹海默症患者中比较常见,ABCA1 R219K GA基因型与A等位基因可诱发帕金森症和阿尔兹海默症的发生。     

Lipid production from Yarrowia lipolytica Po1g grown in sugarcane bagasse hydrolysate

This study investigated the possibility of utilizing detoxified sugarcane bagasse hydrolysate (DSCBH) as an alternative carbon source to culture Yarrowia lipolytica Po1g for microbial oil and biodiesel production. Sugarcane bagasse hydrolysis with 2.5% HCl resulted in maximum total sugar concentration (21.38 g/L) in which 13.59 g/L is xylose, 3.98 g/L is glucose, and 2.78 g/L is arabinose. Detoxification of SCBH by Ca(OH)₂ neutralization reduced the concentration of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural and furfural by 21.31% and 24.84%, respectively. Growth of Y. lipolytica Po1g in DSCBH with peptone as the nitrogen source gave maximum biomass concentration (11.42 g/L) compared to NH₄NO₃ (6.49 g/L). With peptone as the nitrogen source, DSCBH resulted in better biomass concentration than d-glucose (10.19 g/L), d-xylose (9.89 g/L) and NDSCBH (5.88 g/L). The maximum lipid content, lipid yield and lipid productivity of Y. lipolytica Po1g grown in DSCBH and peptone was 58.5%, 6.68 g/L and 1.76 g/L-day, respectively.     

定向进化提高灰盖鬼伞过氧化物酶染织废水脱色效率

【目的】获得染织废水脱色能力增强的灰盖鬼伞过氧化物酶。【方法】使用基因合成及定点突变平台合成突变灰盖鬼伞过氧化物酶基因CIPmt4(I49S、V53A、M166F和M242I),并调整密码子至毕赤酵母偏好性。以CIPmt4为模板进行定向进化,经过三轮易错PCR和高通量筛选得到一个酶学性质显著改善的突变体(CIPmt5)。通过3D建模和分子动力学模拟分析蛋白的结构及热稳定性,并进一步研究CIPmt5和野生型CIP对刚果红、氨基黑、甲基橙、次甲基蓝、苯胺蓝、结晶紫、溴酚蓝共7种染料的脱色能力。【结果】序列分析显示该突变体积累了I49S、V53A、T121A、M166F和Y272F共5个氨基酸突变,与野生型灰盖鬼伞过氧化物酶相比,以ABTS为底物酶活性是野生型的2.01倍(24.44 U/mg),最适反应p H由5.0提高到6.5,最适反应温度由25°C提高到45°C。除次甲基蓝外对其它染料脱色的最适p H都往中、碱性方向偏移,脱色率普遍高于野生型。模型分析显示CIPmt5活性中心更开放,热稳定性增强。【结论】突变体酶CIPmt5能够更好地替代野生型灰盖鬼伞过氧化物酶应用于染织业染料脱色、化工废水和染织废水的生物修复。     

石蜡油对离子注入动物细胞真空环境的保护效应初探

利用石蜡油的高效护水功能进行动物细胞(HeLa细胞)的真空及注入保护,研究了不同的预处理时间对细胞活性的影响,并将石蜡油浸泡细胞2 m in~6 m in选为最佳保护时间。当细胞经过2 m in~6 m in的预处理后再进行真空、注入,结果显示成活率大幅度提高。