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排序方式: 共有334条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
31.
Niyomrattanakit P Abas SN Lim CC Beer D Shi PY Chen YL 《Journal of biomolecular screening》2011,16(2):201-210
The flaviviral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) is an attractive drug target. To discover new inhibitors of dengue virus RdRp, the authors have developed a fluorescence-based alkaline phosphatase-coupled polymerase assay (FAPA) for high-throughput screening (HTS). A modified nucleotide analogue (2'-[2-benzothiazoyl]-6'-hydroxybenzothiazole) conjugated adenosine triphosphate (BBT-ATP) and 3'UTR-U(30) RNA were used as substrates. After the polymerase reaction, treatment with alkaline phosphatase liberates the BBT fluorophore from the polymerase reaction by-product, BBT(PPi), which can be detected at excitation and emission wavelengths of 422 and 566 nm, respectively. The assay was evaluated by examining the time dependency, assay reagent effects, reaction kinetics, and signal stability and was validated with 3'dATP and an adenosine-nucleotide triphosphate inhibitor, giving IC(50) values of 0.13 μM and 0.01 μM, respectively. A pilot screen of a diverse compound library of 40,572 compounds at 20 μM demonstrated good performance with an average Z factor of 0.81. The versatility and robustness of FAPA were evaluated with another substrate system, BBT-GTP paired with 3'UTR-C(30) RNA. The FAPA method presented here can be readily adapted for other nucleotide-dependent enzymes that generate PPi. 相似文献
32.
The white-bellied sea eagle, Haliaeetus leucogaster, displays reversed sexual size dimorphism and is monomorphic for adult plumage coloration. Early attempts to identify sex in sexually monomorphic birds were based on morphological or chromosomal characters, but since avian W-specific DNA sequences were identified, PCR amplification has become commonly used for molecular sexing. We used a PCR test employing primers that amplify two homologous fragments of both the CHD-W gene, unique to females, and the CHD-Z gene, occurring in both sexes. This test was applied to five individuals of H. leucogaster from the Malacca Zoo and to male and female domestic chickens, Gallus domesticus, for comparison. All individuals were sexed successfully with high reproducibility. We conclude that this PCR-based test with feathers as the DNA source is a reliable sexing method for H. leucogaster. This sexing technique is objective and non-invasive and could be used to test sex ratio theories, as well as to help improve conservation and management actions for captive breeding program of this species in Malaysia. 相似文献
33.
34.
A two-step acid-catalyzed process for the production of biodiesel from rice bran oil 总被引:22,自引:0,他引:22
A study was undertaken to examine the effect of temperature, moisture and storage time on the accumulation of free fatty acid in the rice bran. Rice bran stored at room temperature showed that most triacylglyceride was hydrolyzed and free fatty acid (FFA) content was raised up to 76% in six months. A two-step acid-catalyzed methanolysis process was employed for the efficient conversion of rice bran oil into fatty acid methyl ester (FAME). The first step was carried out at 60 degrees C. Depending on the initial FFA content of oil, 55-90% FAME content in the reaction product was obtained. More than 98% FFA and less than 35% of TG were reacted in 2 h. The organic phase of the first step reaction product was used as the substrate for a second acid-catalyzed methanolysis at 100 degrees C. By this two-step methanolysis reaction, more than 98% FAME in the product can be obtained in less than 8 h. Distillation of reaction product gave 99.8% FAME (biodiesel) with recovery of more than 96%. The residue contains enriched nutraceuticals such as gamma-oryzanol (16-18%), mixture of phytosterol, tocol and steryl ester (19-21%). 相似文献
35.
Arif SA Hamilton RG Yusof F Chew NP Loke YH Nimkar S Beintema JJ Yeang HY 《The Journal of biological chemistry》2004,279(23):23933-23941
36.
Saranya Limkaisang James Henry Cunnington Liew Kon Wui Baharuddin Salleh Yukio Sato Rangsi Divarangkoon Wanwisa Fangfuk Chaiwat To-anun Susumu Takamatsu 《Mycoscience》2006,47(6):327-335
To investigate the phylogenetic relationships among the powdery mildew fungi of some economically important tropical trees
belonging to Oidium subgenus Pseudoidium, we conducted molecular phylogenetic analyses using 30 DNA sequences of the rDNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions
and 26 sequences of the domains D1 and D2 of the 28S rDNA obtained from the powdery mildews on Hevea brasiliensis (para rubber tree), Anacardium occidentale (cashew), Bixa orellana, Citrus spp., Mangifera indica (mango), and Acacia spp. The results indicate that the powdery mildew fungi isolated from these tropical trees are closely related to one another.
These powdery mildews are also closely related to E. alphitoides (including Erysiphe sp. on Quercus phillyraeoides). Because of the obligate biotrophic nature of the powdery mildew fungi, the relationship between powdery mildews and their
host plants is conservative. However, the present study suggests that a particular powdery mildew species has expanded its
host ranges on a wide range of the tropical trees. This article also suggests that a powdery mildew fungus distributed in
temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere expanded its host ranges onto tropical plants and may be a good example of how
geographical and host range expansion has occurred in the Erysiphales. 相似文献
37.
Wardah Abdul Rahman Hafizi Rosli Siti Nurdijati Baharuddin Baharuddin Salleh 《Aerobiologia》2012,28(2):275-283
Problems caused by indoor microbial, especially fungal growth, have been further exaggerated by the increased incidence of
water intrusions, condensation from air-conditioning system, and other factors. While fungal contamination in a building can
be one of the indicators of indoor air quality (IAQ), air quality assessment and remediation should be considered as important
and should be carried out systematically. This study reports the incidence and remediation of an excessive fungal growth in
a building in Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), Pulau Pinang, Malaysia. Acting on an official report by the building owner
and occupants, an immediate walk-through investigation was carried out between June and December 2009. A thorough sampling
comprising swab and spore impactor techniques showed that the colony-forming unit per cubic meter of air (CFU/m3) levels were far above those in the guidelines of most developed countries. Thus, the building was declared a ‘sick building’
and closed to the publics. However, through immediate action with recommended methods to overcome the problem, the premise
has been pronounced safe. This is a good example of successful teamwork that involved a continuous investigation by a team
of experts along with comprehensive action taken by the occupants and other authorities responsible for the building. 相似文献
38.
H. Sathyapriya M. Sariah A. Siti Nor Akmar M. Wong 《The Annals of applied biology》2012,160(2):137-144
Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain UPMP3 labelled with β‐glucuronidase (gusA) and green fluorescent protein (gfp) by electrotransformation yielded ca 1 × 107 transformants µg?1 DNA. The data obtained from the dilution plate count showed that over 28 days both epiphytic and endophytic populations of P. aeruginosa strain UPMP3 increased from 5.76 log10 [colony forming unit (CFU) + 1] g?1 fresh weight (FW) to 8.19 log10 (CFU + 1) g?1 FW and 4.10 log10 (CFU + 1) g?1 FW to 6.23 (CFU + 1) g?1 FW, respectively. Confocal laser scanning microscopic analysis of oil palm roots treated with gusA:gfp‐tagged P. aeruginosa strain UPMP3 showed intense root colonisation over the sampling period. The root surface colonisation by P. aeruginosa strain UPMP3 was followed by a second stage, characterised by cortical infection, and a third stage, which involves xylem ingression. The colonisation of oil palm roots by the gusA:gfp‐tagged strain was concentrated on root areas potentially rich in nutrients such as the elongation zones, ridges between epidermal cells and points of secondary adventitious root emergence. Different expression levels of defence‐related genes, namely, chitinase and β‐1,3‐glucanase in the strain UPMP3–host interaction recorded over 28 days, suggested the potential role of P. aeruginosa strain UPMP3 in triggering the defence mechanism in oil palm. This is the first report on root colonisation and upregulation of defence‐related genes on oil palm roots by P. aeruginosa strain UPMP3 and shows the potential of this strain to be used as a biocontrol agent in oil palm. 相似文献
39.
Universal phenotyping techniques that can discriminate among various states of biological systems have great potential. We applied 557 fluorescent library compounds to NCI's 60 human cancer cell-lines (NCI-60) to generate a systematic fluorescence phenotypic profiling data. By the kinetic fluorescence intensity analysis, we successfully discriminated the organ origin of all the 60 cell-lines. 相似文献
40.
Tun Nurul Aimi Mat Jaafar Martin I. Taylor Siti Azizah Mohd Nor Mark de Bruyn Gary R. Carvalho 《PloS one》2012,7(11)