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排序方式: 共有384条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
71.
72.
Thomas Miedaner Diana D. Schwegler Peer Wilde Jochen C. Reif 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2014,127(1):33-41
Key message
We investigated associations between line per se and testcross performance in rye and suggested that selection for per se performance is valuable for several traits in multi-stage selection programs.Abstract
Genotypic correlation between line per se and testcross performance is an important quantitative-genetic parameter for optimizing hybrid breeding programs. The main goal of this survey was to study the association of line per se and testcross performance at the phenotypic level. We used experimental data from the line per se and testcross performance of two segregating winter rye populations (A, B) with each of 220 progenies tested in six environments for eight agronomic and quality traits. Genotypic variances were considerably larger for per se than for testcross performance of all investigated traits resulting in higher heritabilities of the former in most instances. Genotypic correlations (r g) between testcross and line per se performance decreased with increasing complexity of the trait as shown by the respective heritabilities. They were highest (r g ≥ 0.7) for plant height and test weight in population B, and thousand-kernel weight, falling number and starch content in both populations. A selection of these traits for line per se performance in early generations will save field plots in further testing testcross performance and increase efficiency of hybrid breeding. 相似文献73.
Reif JC Maurer HP Korzun V Ebmeyer E Miedaner T Würschum T 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2011,123(2):283-292
There is increasing awareness that epistasis plays a role for the determination of complex traits. This study employed an
association mapping approach in a large panel of 455 diverse European elite soft winter wheat lines. The genotypes were evaluated
in multi-environment trials and fingerprinted with SSR markers to dissect the underlying genetic architecture of grain yield
and heading time. A linear mixed model was applied to assess marker-trait associations incorporating information of covariance
among relatives. Our findings indicate that main effects dominate the control of grain yield in wheat. In contrast, the genetic
architecture underlying heading time is controlled by main and epistatic effects. Consequently, for heading time it is important
to consider epistatic effects towards an increased selection gain in marker-assisted breeding. 相似文献
74.
Nguyen AN Jansson K Sánchez G Sharma M Reif GA Wallace DP Blanco G 《American journal of physiology. Renal physiology》2011,301(4):F897-F906
The Na-K-ATPase is part of a cell signaling complex, the Na-K-ATPase signalosome, which upon activation by the hormone ouabain regulates the function of different cell types. We previously showed that ouabain induces proliferation of epithelial cells derived from renal cysts of patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD cells). Here, we investigated the signaling pathways responsible for mediating the effects of ouabain in these cells. Incubation of ADPKD cells with ouabain, in concentrations similar to those found in blood, stimulated phosphorylation of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and promoted its association to the Na-K-ATPase. In addition, ouabain activated the kinase Src, but not the related kinase Fyn. Tyrphostin AG1478 and PP2, inhibitors of EGFR and Src, respectively, blocked ouabain-dependent ADPKD cell proliferation. Treatment of ADPKD cells with ouabain also caused phosphorylation of the caveolar protein caveolin-1, and disruption of cell caveolae with methyl-β-cyclodextrin prevented Na-K-ATPase-EGFR interaction and ouabain-induced proliferation of the cells. Downstream effects of ouabain in ADPKD cells included activation of B-Raf and MEK and phosphorylation of the extracellular regulated kinase ERK, which translocated into the ADPKD cell nuclei. Finally, ouabain reduced expression of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors p21 and p27, which are suppressors of cell proliferation. Different from ADPKD cells, ouabain showed no significant effect on B-Raf, p21, and p27 in normal human kidney epithelial cells. Altogether, these results identify intracellular pathways of ouabain-dependent Na-K-ATPase-mediated signaling in ADPKD cells, including EGFR-Src-B-Raf-MEK/ERK, and establish novel mechanisms involved in ADPKD cell proliferation. 相似文献
75.
Christian F Szaszák M Friedl S Drewianka S Lorenz D Goncalves A Furkert J Vargas C Schmieder P Götz F Zühlke K Moutty M Göttert H Joshi M Reif B Haase H Morano I Grossmann S Klukovits A Verli J Gáspár R Noack C Bergmann M Kass R Hampel K Kashin D Genieser HG Herberg FW Willoughby D Cooper DM Baillie GS Houslay MD von Kries JP Zimmermann B Rosenthal W Klussmann E 《The Journal of biological chemistry》2011,286(11):9079-9096
A-kinase anchoring proteins (AKAPs) tether protein kinase A (PKA) and other signaling proteins to defined intracellular sites, thereby establishing compartmentalized cAMP signaling. AKAP-PKA interactions play key roles in various cellular processes, including the regulation of cardiac myocyte contractility. We discovered small molecules, 3,3'-diamino-4,4'-dihydroxydiphenylmethane (FMP-API-1) and its derivatives, which inhibit AKAP-PKA interactions in vitro and in cultured cardiac myocytes. The molecules bind to an allosteric site of regulatory subunits of PKA identifying a hitherto unrecognized region that controls AKAP-PKA interactions. FMP-API-1 also activates PKA. The net effect of FMP-API-1 is a selective interference with compartmentalized cAMP signaling. In cardiac myocytes, FMP-API-1 reveals a novel mechanism involved in terminating β-adrenoreceptor-induced cAMP synthesis. In addition, FMP-API-1 leads to an increase in contractility of cultured rat cardiac myocytes and intact hearts. Thus, FMP-API-1 represents not only a novel means to study compartmentalized cAMP/PKA signaling but, due to its effects on cardiac myocytes and intact hearts, provides the basis for a new concept in the treatment of chronic heart failure. 相似文献
76.
Juan Miguel Lopez del Amo Vipin Agarwal Riddhiman Sarkar Justin Porter Sam Asami Martin Rübbelke Uwe Fink Yi Xue Oliver F. Lange Bernd Reif 《Journal of biomolecular NMR》2014,59(4):241-249
Relaxation parameters such as longitudinal relaxation are susceptible to artifacts such as spin diffusion, and can be affected by paramagnetic impurities as e.g. oxygen, which make a quantitative interpretation difficult. We present here the site-specific measurement of [1H]13C and [1H]15N heteronuclear rates in an immobilized protein. For methyls, a strong effect is expected due to the three-fold rotation of the methyl group. Quantification of the [1H]13C heteronuclear NOE in combination with 13C-R 1 can yield a more accurate analysis of side chain motional parameters. The observation of significant [1H]15N heteronuclear NOEs for certain backbone amides, as well as for specific asparagine/glutamine sidechain amides is consistent with MD simulations. The measurement of site-specific heteronuclear NOEs is enabled by the use of highly deuterated microcrystalline protein samples in which spin diffusion is reduced in comparison to protonated samples. 相似文献
77.
78.
Wenxin Liu Manje Gowda Jochen C Reif Volker Hahn Arno Ruckelshausen Elmar A Weissmann Hans Peter Maurer Tobias Würschum 《BMC genomics》2014,15(1)
Background
The nature of dynamic traits with their phenotypic plasticity suggests that they are under the control of a dynamic genetic regulation. We employed a precision phenotyping platform to non-invasively assess biomass yield in a large mapping population of triticale at three developmental stages.Results
Using multiple-line cross QTL mapping we identified QTL for each of these developmental stages which explained a considerable proportion of the genotypic variance. Some QTL were identified at each developmental stage and thus contribute to biomass yield throughout the studied developmental phases. Interestingly, we also observed QTL that were only identified for one or two of the developmental stages illustrating a temporal contribution of these QTL to the trait. In addition, epistatic QTL were detected and the epistatic interaction landscape was shown to dynamically change with developmental progression.Conclusions
In summary, our results reveal the temporal dynamics of the genetic architecture underlying biomass accumulation in triticale and emphasize the need for a temporal assessment of dynamic traits.Electronic supplementary material
The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/1471-2164-15-458) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. 相似文献79.
Thais D. Bifano Massaro W. Ueti Eliane Esteves Kathryn E. Reif Glória R. C. Braz Glen A. Scoles Reginaldo G. Bastos Stephen N. White Sirlei Daffre 《PloS one》2014,9(5)
Rhipicephalus microplus is an obligate hematophagous ectoparasite of cattle and an important biological vector of Anaplasma marginale in tropical and subtropical regions. The primary determinants for A. marginale transmission are infection of the tick gut, followed by infection of salivary glands. Transmission of A. marginale to cattle occurs via infected saliva delivered during tick feeding. Interference in colonization of either the tick gut or salivary glands can affect transmission of A. marginale to naïve animals. In this study, we used the tick embryonic cell line BME26 to identify genes that are modulated in response to A. marginale infection. Suppression-subtractive hybridization libraries (SSH) were constructed, and five up-regulated genes {glutathione S-transferase (GST), cytochrome c oxidase sub III (COXIII), dynein (DYN), synaptobrevin (SYN) and phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-triphosphate 3-phosphatase (PHOS)} were selected as targets for functional in vivo genomic analysis. RNA interference (RNAi) was used to determine the effect of tick gene knockdown on A. marginale acquisition and transmission. Although RNAi consistently knocked down all individually examined tick genes in infected tick guts and salivary glands, only the group of ticks injected with dsCOXIII failed to transmit A. marginale to naïve calves. To our knowledge, this is the first report demonstrating that RNAi of a tick gene is associated with a failure of A. marginale transmission. 相似文献
80.
Anders Helgeland Kent-Andre Mardal Victor Haughton Bjørn Anders Pettersson Reif 《Journal of biomechanics》2014
The flow of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in a patient-specific model of the subarachnoid space in a Chiari I patient was investigated using numerical simulations. The pulsating CSF flow was modeled using a time-varying velocity pulse based on peak velocity measurements (diastole and systole) derived from a selection of patients with Chiari I malformation. The present study introduces the general definition of the Reynolds number to provide a measure of CSF flow instability to give an estimate of the possibility of turbulence occurring in CSF flow. This was motivated by the fact that the combination of pulsating flow and the geometric complexity of the spinal canal may result in local Reynolds numbers that are significantly higher than the commonly used global measure such that flow instabilities may develop into turbulent flow in these regions. The local Reynolds number was used in combination with derived statistics to characterize the flow. The results revealed the existence of both local unstable regions and local regions with velocity fluctuations similar in magnitude to what is observed in fully turbulent flows. The results also indicated that the fluctuations were not self-sustained turbulence, but rather flow instabilities that may develop into turbulence. The case considered was therefore believed to represent a CSF flow close to transition. 相似文献