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991.
Janune D Kubota S Lazar N Perbal B Iida S Takigawa M 《Journal of cell communication and signaling》2011,5(3):167-171
Chondrocytes forming articular cartilage are embedded in a vast amount of extracellular matrix having physical stiffness and
elasticity, properties that support the mechanical load from bones and enable the flexible movement of synovial joints. Unlike
chondrocytes that conduct the growth of long bones by forming the growth plate, articular chondrocytes show suppressed cell
proliferation, unless these cells are exposed to pathological conditions such as mechanical overload. In the present study,
we found that one of the members of the CCN family, CCN3, was significantly expressed in chondrocytes isolated from the epiphyseal
head in developing rat synovial joints. Evaluation of the effect of recombinant CCN3 on those chondrocytes revealed that CCN3
promoted proteoglycan synthesis, whereas this factor repressed the proliferation of the same cells. These results suggest
a critical role for CCN3 in the regulation of the biological properties of articular chondrocytes. 相似文献
992.
Kato H Nishimura T Ikeda N Yamada T Kondo T Saijo N Nishio K Fujimoto J Nomura M Oda Y Lindmark B Maniwa J Hibino H Unno M Ito T Sawa Y Tojo H Egawa S Edula G Lopez M Wigmore M Inase N Yoshizawa Y Nomura F Marko-Varga G 《Journal of Proteomics》2011,74(6):759-764
Lung cancer, COPD and cardiovascular diseases are highlighted as some of the most common disease that cause mortality, and for that reason are the most active areas for drug development. This perspective paper overviews the urgent need to develop a health care system for a rapidly growing patient population in Japan, including forthcoming demands on clinical care, expecting outcomes, and economics. There is an increasing requirement to build on the strengths of the current health care system, thereby delivering urgent solutions for the future. There is also a declaration from the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (MHLW), to develop new biomarker diagnostics, which is intended for patient stratification, aiding in diagnostic phenotype selection for responders to drug treatment of Japanese patients. This perspective was written by the panel in order to introduce novel technologies and diagnostic capabilities with successful implementation. The next generation of personalized drugs for targeted and stratified patient treatment will soon be available in major disease areas such as, lifestyle-related cancers, especially lung cancers with the highest mortality including a predisposing disorder chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cardiovascular disease, and other diseases. Mass spectrometric technologies can provide the "phenotypic fingerprint" required for the concept of Personalized Medicine. Mass spectrometry-driven target biomarker diagnoses in combination with high resolution computed tomography can provide a critical pathway initiative facilitated by a fully integrated e-Health infrastructure system. We strongly recommend integrating validated biomarkers based on clinical proteomics, medical imaging with clinical care supported by e-Health model to support personalized treatment paradigms to reduce mortality and healthcare costs of chronic and co-morbid diseases in the elderly population of Japan. 相似文献
993.
Analysis of salts transport affected by root absorption capacity in surface — irrigated fields in the upper Yellow River basin 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Daisuke Yasutake Takuya Araki Weizhen Wang Tetsuo Kobayashi Hiroyuki Cho Makito Mori Masaharu Kitano 《Biologia》2009,64(3):570-574
In order to analyze the salt transport affected by roots and its effects on soil salinity in an experimental irrigated field
newly established in an alluvial valley of the Yellow River in China, spatial distribution of ions contained in waters, soils
and crops relevant to these phenomena were evaluated there. During the intensive surveys conducted in year 2007–2008, the
Yellow River water, irrigation canal water, groundwater, field soils and crops, etc. were sampled and their chemical characteristics
such as electrical conductivity, concentrations of ions Na+, Ca2+, Mg2+, K+, Cl−, SO42−and NO3− were measured. Irrigation seemed to cause increases in the concentrations of ions Na+, Cl− and SO42− in the groundwater. Although those were also major ions contained in the field soil, the soil was classed as saline but not
sodic according to the standard classification. On the other hand, K+, which is one of the major essential nutrients for plant growth, was highly concentrated in the crops, while Na+ was not concentrated because of crop’s poor ability to absorb it. The ion concentration within the plant body seemed to be
reflected by the active and selective ion uptake by roots and the transpiration stream. Furthermore, salt accumulation in
the surface-irrigated field largely depended on the upward transport of water and ions in the soil profile affected by root
absorption capacity. The information obtained in this study will contribute to the development of scientific methods for sustainable
and effective plant production in irrigated fields. 相似文献
994.
995.
996.
Kiyosaki T Asakura T Matsumoto I Tamura T Terauchi K Funaki J Kuroda M Misaka T Abe K 《Journal of plant physiology》2009,166(1):101-106
We cloned three novel papain-type cysteine proteases (CPs), triticain alpha, beta and gamma, from 1-d-germinating wheat seeds. Triticain alpha, beta and gamma were constituted with 461, 472 and 365 amino acid residues, respectively, and had Cys-His-Asn catalytic triads as well as signal and propeptide sequences. Triticain gamma contained a putative vacuole-sorting sequence. Phylogenetic analysis showed that these CPs were divided into mutually different clusters. Triticain alpha and gamma mRNAs were expressed in seeds at an early stage of maturation and at the stage of germination 2d after imbibition, while triticain beta mRNA appeared shortly after imbibition. The expression of mRNAs for triticain alpha and gamma was suppressed by uniconazol, a gibberellin synthesis inhibitor. All the three CP mRNAs were strongly expressed in both embryo and aleurone layers. These results suggest that triticain alpha, beta and gamma play differential roles in seed maturation as well as in digestion of storage proteins during germination. 相似文献
997.
Tokumaru O Kuroki C Yoshimura N Sakamoto T Takei H Ogata K Kitano T Nisimaru N Yokoi I 《Neurochemical research》2009,34(4):775-785
The neuroprotective effects of ethyl pyruvate (EP), a stable derivative of pyruvate, on energy metabolism of rat brain exposed
to ischemia-reperfusion stress were investigated by 31P-nuclear magnetic resonance (31P-NMR) spectroscopy. Recovery level of phosphocreatine after ischemia was significantly greater when superfused with artificial
cerebrospinal fluid (ACSF) with 2 mM EP than when superfused with ACSF without EP. EP was neuroprotective against ischemia
only when administered before the ischemic exposure. Intracellular pH during ischemia was less acidic when superfused ahead
of time with EP. EP did not show neuroprotective effects in neuron-rich slices pretreated with 100 μM fluorocitrate, a selective
glial poison. It was suggested that both the administration of EP before ischemic exposure and the presence of astrocytes
are required for EP to exert neuroprotective effects. We suggest the potential involvement of multiple mechanisms of action,
such as less acidic intracellular pH, glial production of lactate, and radical scavenging ability.
Special issue article in honor of Dr. Akitane Mori. 相似文献
998.
999.
Background
To monitor the richness in microbial inhabitants in the phyllosphere of apple trees cultivated under various cultural and environmental conditions, we developed an oligo-DNA macroarray for major pathogenic and non-pathogenic fungi and bacteria inhabiting the phyllosphere of apple trees.Methods and Findings
First, we isolated culturable fungi and bacteria from apple orchards by an agar-plate culture method, and detected 32 fungal and 34 bacterial species. Alternaria, Aureobasidium, Cladosporium, Rhodotorula, Cystofilobasidium, and Epicoccum genera were predominant among the fungi, and Bacillus, Pseudomonas, Sphingomonas, Methylobacterium, and Pantoea genera were predominant among the bacteria. Based on the data, we selected 29 major non-pathogenic and 12 phytopathogenic fungi and bacteria as the targets of macroarray. Forty-one species-specific 40-base pair long oligo-DNA sequences were selected from the nucleotide sequences of rDNA-internal transcribed spacer region for fungi and 16S rDNA for bacteria. The oligo-DNAs were fixed on nylon membrane and hybridized with digoxigenin-labeled cRNA probes prepared for each species. All arrays except those for Alternaria, Bacillus, and their related species, were specifically hybridized. The array was sensitive enough to detect 103 CFU for Aureobasidium pullulans and Bacillus cereus. Nucleotide sequencing of 100 each of independent fungal rDNA-ITS and bacterial 16S-rDNA sequences from apple tree was in agreement with the macroarray data obtained using the same sample. Finally, we analyzed the richness in the microbial inhabitants in the samples collected from apple trees in four orchards. Major apple pathogens that cause scab, Alternaria blotch, and Marssonina blotch were detected along with several non-phytopathogenic fungal and bacterial inhabitants.Conclusions
The macroarray technique presented here is a strong tool to monitor the major microbial species and the community structures in the phyllosphere of apple trees and identify key species antagonistic, supportive or co-operative to specific pathogens in the orchard managed under different environmental conditions. 相似文献1000.
Efficacy of microarray profiling data combined with QTL mapping for the identification of a QTL gene controlling the initial growth rate in rice 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Yano K Takashi T Nagamatsu S Kojima M Sakakibara H Kitano H Matsuoka M Aya K 《Plant & cell physiology》2012,53(4):729-739
Seedling vigor, which is controlled by many quantitative trait loci (QTLs), is one of several important agronomic traits for direct-seedling rice systems. However, isolating these QTL genes is laborious and expensive. Here, we combined QTL mapping and microarray profiling to identify QTL genes for seedling vigor. By performing QTL mapping using 82 backcross inbred lines (BILs) of the Koshihikari (japonica) and Habataki (indica) cultivars for the rice initial growth, we identified two QTLs, early-stage plant development1/2 (qEPD1 and qEPD2), whose Koshihikari alleles promote plant height and/or leaf sheath length. Phenotypic analysis of the two substituted lines carrying the Habataki qEPD1 or qEPD2 allele revealed that qEPD2 functioned more dominantly for the initial growth of rice. From the microarray experiment, 55 and 45 candidate genes were found in the qEPD1 and qEPD2 genomic regions, which are expressed differentially between each substitution line (SL) and Koshihikari. Gibberellin 20 oxidase-2 (OsGA20ox2), which is identical to Semi Dwarf1 (SD1), was included among the 55 candidate genes of qEPD1, whereas its paralog, OsGA20ox1, was included among the 45 candidate genes of qEPD2. Consistently, introduction of the Koshihikari OsGA20ox1 allele into SL(qEPD2) increaseed its plant height and leaf sheath length significantly relative to the introduction of the Habataki OsGA20ox1 allele. Therefore, microarray profiling could be useful for rapidly screening QTL candidate genes. We concluded that OsGA20ox1 and OsGA20ox2 (SD1) function during the initial growth of rice, but OsGA20ox1 plays a dominant role in increasing plant height and leaf sheath length at the initial growth stage. 相似文献