黄土丘陵区典型小流域草地群落数量分类与结构特征及其影响因素

黄土丘陵区退耕还林(草)工程已实施20年，了解草地现状对该区草地生态系统保护与恢复调控措施选择具有重要意义。以安塞纸坊沟小流域内22个草地群落为研究对象，基于Ward聚类和非度量多维度排序(NMDS)方法，对草地类型、结构及其影响因素进行了分析。结果表明：(1)流域内草地共出现23科83种植物，其中禾本科、豆科和菊科物种重要值占比达75%—85%。草地可划分为狗尾草群丛、茵陈蒿群丛、甘草群丛、铁杆蒿群丛和白羊草群丛5类群丛。群丛间结构存在显著差异，狗尾草群丛盖度、地上生物量(AGB)、地下生物量(BGB)和根冠比均显著最低，但Shannon-Wiener指数和Pielou优势度指数均显著高于白羊草和铁杆蒿群丛。茵陈蒿、甘草与铁杆蒿群丛间AGB、BGB及多样性指数无显著差异。(2)功能群对群落结构产生显著影响，豆科矮草对AGB和BGB产生显著正效应，禾本科高草对BGB产生显著正效应，而菊科矮草对群落盖度与BGB产生显著负效应。(3)土壤有机碳(SOC)、全氮(TN)和全磷(TP)含量偏低(分别为6.21,0.82、0.53 g/kg),其中SOC和TN含量显著影响群丛物种组成、功能群和结...     

人体桡神经浅支中Aδ和C纤维的生理学特性

用神经内微记录(INMR)和微刺激(INMS)方法,对人体桡神经浅支中的A_b纤维和C纤维所支配的感受单位的生理特性及神经内微刺激诱发的感觉性质进行了观测。24个A_b单位对机械刺激的阈值变化较大,它们的感受野从点状到75.4mm~2,其中有1-4个最大敏感点。INMSA_b单位产生刺痛感,投射野为1.2-97mm~2。投射野与感受野从指背到手背都显著增大(P<0.05),且两者相重叠,提示A_b单位的定位能力相当精确。11个伤害性C单位对机械刺激的阈值高,用INMS产生的感觉为灼痛,多数单位的感受野与投射野相匹配,表明它们对伤害性刺激具有一定的定位能力。     

Antimelanoma Antibodies in Swine With Spontaneously Regressing Melanoma

Sinclair swine provide a unique model for studying mechanisms of tumor regression because they are born with melanomas that spontaneously regress approximately 10 weeks after birth. To examine whether an antitumor immune response is present in these animals, and, if so, to study its relation to tumor regression, 38 sera specimens collected at different times from 13 swine born with melanomas were tested for melanoma antibodies by immunoprecipitation and SDS-PAGE analysis of ¹²⁵I labelled swine melanoma macromolecules. Antibodies to melanoma were present in 13 (100%) of the swine versus 1 of 3 control swine. The antibodies were directed to antigens of approximately 45, 68–75, or 100 kDa. These antigens were also expressed on human melanomas and normal melanocytes but on only one of five unrelated tumors. The incidence and level of these antibodies increased with time. Antibodies to the 45, 68–75, and 100 kDa antigens were present in 36%, 55%, and 9%, respectively, of sera collected prior to 7 weeks of age, but in 80%, 100%, and 37% of sera collected between 7 and 20 weeks (P<0.05). The rise in melanoma antibodies usually preceded or appeared together with tumor regression and loss of pigmentation. These findings indicate that Sinclair swine with melanomas have antibodies to antigens preferentially expressed on pigment cells, and support the hypothesis that the regression phenomenon and the vitiligo-like skin depigmentation result from immune responses to common antigens shared by normal and malignant swine pigment cells.     

Transgenic mice overexpressingγ-aminobutyric acid transporter subtypeⅠ develop obesity

INTRODUCTION7-aminobutyricacid(GABA)isthemajorinhibitoryneurotransmitterinthevertebratecelltralnervoussystemwhereitactingesavaxietyofGABAreceptortypes.TheneurotransmissionofGABAisthoughttobeterllilnatedbyit'srapidre-uptakeviaGABAtransportersintopresynapticneuronsandsurroundingglialcellsll,2].BesidesfUnctioningintheterminationofsynaptictransmission,GABAtransportersplayacriticalroleintheregUlationofthemagnitudeanddurationofGABA'sactionandmayajsomediatethereleaseofGABAintotheedrac…     

Effect of captopril or verapamil on intracellular sodium in cultured vascular smooth muscle cells

INTR0DUCTIONVascularsmoothmusclecellsp0ssessanumber0fNa transportsystems,namelyNa channels,Na -Ca' ,Na -H exchange,andNa -K -2Cl-c0-transp0rt[1].Hypothesizedr0lesf0rthesesystemsincluderegulati0n0fvasculart0ne,cellvolumeandcellproliferation.Inb0thexperimentalandhumanhypertensi0naberrationsinsm00thmusclecell,univalenti0ntransportsystemplayanimp0rtantroleinthepathogenesisandmaintenanceofhypertensi0n[2].Angiotensinc0nvertingenzyme(ACE)inhibitorsandCa2 antagonistsarewidelyusedforthetreatm…