Effect of Intracellular Glutathione Level on the Production of 6-Methoxymellein in Cultured Carrot (Daucus carota) Cells

To produce phytoalexin, 6-methoxymellein (6-MM) was induced in suspension cultures of carrot (Daucus carota) by buthionine sulfoximine (BSO) and CuCl2. Addition of BSO (a specific inhibitor of glutathione [GSH] synthesis) to the cultures lowered the cellular GSH levels. This depletion of GSH was BSO-concentration dependent, and the extent of 6-MM accumulation was dependent on the GSH depletion. The accumulation of 6-MM induced by BSO was suppressed by exogenous GSH. Exogenous H2O2 stimulated the production of 6-MM when added 1 d after BSO treatment, whereas H2O2 added at time zero or on the 4th d of BSO treatment did not. Moreover, a synergistic effect of simultaneous addition of BSO and CuCl2 was observed. These results suggest that active oxygen species may be involved in the triggering of 6-MM synthesis.     

Fertile plants regenerated from suspension culture-derived protoplasts of an indica type rice (Oryza sativa L.)

Calluses were induced from immature embryos of an indica type rice and finely dispersed cell suspension cultures were initiated from the callus using modified AA medium (S₁ medium). The suspension cultures were maintained alternatively (1–2 passages in each medium) in S₁ medium and S₂ medium, the latter containing KNO₃, NH₄NO₃, proline and glutamine as nitrogen source. Protoplasts of high quality were isolated form suspension cells cultured in S₂ medium supplemented with ABA. Embedding the protoplasts in agarose blocks containing NH₄NO₃-free modified KM8P(PM₁) medium and immersing the blocks in NH₄NO₃-containing modified KM8P(PM₃) medium were most effective for obtaining protoplast division and callus formation. The protoplast-derived calluses were precultured in potato extract-aand/or ABA-containing N₆(D₁, D₂ or D₃) media and many embryo-like structures were formed. These structures developed into plantlets after being transferred to N₆ differentiation (D₄) medium. The regenerated plantlets grew into mature plants and beard seeds normally.Abbreviations AA medium amino acids based medium - ABA abscisic acid - BA benzyladenine - 2,4-D 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid - DF division frequency - IAA indoleacetic acid - KIN kinetin - NAA naphthaleneacetic acid - PE planting efficiency     

黄麻栽培种圆果种×长果种的种间杂交研究

１９８９—１９９１年对黄麻栽培种圆果种（Ｃｏｒｃｈｏｒｕｓｃａｐｓｕｌａｒｉｓ）和长果种（Ｃ．ｏｌｉｔ－ｏｒｉｕｓ）选用了具有不同茎色和腋芽性状的材料做了６个组合,获得１３４株杂种Ｆ＿１苗。但苗株发根不良,在移栽后两周陆续死亡,最后幸存ＲＲ－５×（ＢＬ×７７－１９）Ｆ＿１组合中两株植株并开花、结果。Ｆ＿１均有腋芽,表现为父本的性状;花果形状偏向母本;茎色红同双亲。这两株的Ｆ＿２,茎色和腋芽性状分离成４种表现型：红茎或青茎有腋芽及红茎或青茎无腋芽。其中红茎有腋芽的生长较快。对种间杂交技术、亲本间的花粉与柱头亲和性、杂交花的胚珠受精情况及染色体构型等方面也作了观察、研究。     

白化病的遗传流行病学研究

本文应用分离分析和血缘分析方法,对山东省１００余万人群遗传病调查中发现的３７个白化病核心家系进行了分析。结果表明：白化病存在遗传异质性,为多基因常染色体隐性遗传,最小基因数为８,平均基因频率为０．００２３,群体中致病基因携带者频率为０．０３８３;近亲结婚大大提高白化病的患病率。     

Parvalbumin和Calbindin－D28k负疫反应神经元在人胎视网膜中的分布和发育

本实验采用免疫细胞化学方法观察１９例人胎视网膜内Ｐａｒｖａｌｂｕｍｉｎ（ＰＶ）和Ｃａｌｂｉ－ｄｉｎ－Ｄ２８ｋ（ＣａＢＰ）免疫反应神经元的分布和发育,对它们在人胎视网膜发育中的演变规律进行了研究。结果显示,ＰＶ和ＣａＢＰ免疫反应神经元属于视网膜水平细胞,无长实细胞和节细胞的不同亚群,ＣａＢＰ免疫反应神经元还可能分属于视细胞。ＰＶ和ＣａＢＰ免疫反应神经元的发育主要是在胚胎中期,胎１４周时它们已分别出现于视网膜内的不同部位,其各自的演变规律不同,至胚胎２７周时初步建立了各自的分布模式。在整个发育过程,颞测机网膜内ＰＶ免疫反应神经元的密度及反应强度均高于鼻侧视网膜内的ＰＶ免疫反应神经元,ＰＶ和ＣａＢＰ免疫反应神经元的发育与视网膜的组织发生也有着密切的联系。本文结果提示,ＰＶ和ＣａＢＰ可能在视网膜神经元的分化、迁移及突触形成中分别起着重要的作用。     

伪狂犬病毒闽A株基因文库的构建及物理图谱分析

本文报道以质粒ｐＢＲ３２２作载体,用鸟枪法克隆出了ＰＲＶ闽Ａ株除ＢａｍＨＩ－１,２外的所有酶切片段,构建了ＰＲＶ闽Ａ株基因文库,并以克隆出的ＢａｍＨＩ片段用光生物素标记作探针,应用分子杂交法确定了ＰＲＶ闽Ａ株绝大部分限制性内切酶位点的位置。     

槟榔（Areca catechu L.）的民族植物学

本文从民族植物学的观点介绍了我国南方各省嚼槟榔的习俗、历史及演变,分析了这个习俗的形成原因及槟榔的药用价值。作者认为咀嚼槟榔有成瘾性,但是否对人的中枢神经系统有损害,必须进一步研究。作者对这种习俗提出了几点看法和建议,对槟榔的开发利用有重要参考价值。     

腹腔注射精氨酸对小鼠S_（180）瘤生长的促进作用

尽管大多数动物实验的结果表明通过饮水或饲料补充精氨酸对一些肿瘤的形成、生长及转移均有显著的抑制作用,但也有少数几篇相反结果的报道。我们采用小鼠腹腔注射的方法,观察了不同剂量（０．１、０．０５、０．０２５克／每天）精氨酸对Ｓ１８０瘤生长的影响,结果发现精氨酸对Ｓ１８０瘤的生长具有显著的促进作用,尤其是０．０５克／每天剂量组,文中就其可能机制进行了讨论。     

几种氨基酸─铜（Ⅱ）配合物的超氧化物歧化酶活性

用四氮唑蓝光化学还原法对所合成的ＫＣｕ（ＩＤＡ）（Ｓｅｒ）·２Ｈ２Ｏ、ＫＣｕ（ＩＤＡ）（Ａｌａ）·Ｈ２Ｏ、Ｃｕ（ＩＤＡ）（ｅｎ）、ＫＣｕ（ＩＤＡ）（Ｇｌｙ）·Ｈ２Ｏ和Ｃｕ（ＩＤＡ）·２Ｈ２Ｏ（ＩＤＡ＝Ｎ（羧基甲基）－甘氨酸,Ｓｅｒ＝丝氨酸,Ａｌａ＝丙氨酸,ｅｎ＝乙二胺,Ｇｌｙ＝甘氨酸）等５种氨基酸─铜（Ⅱ）配合物进行了活性测定,发现它们均具有天然超氧化物歧化酶活性,其活性依次为０．３４、０．４５、０．５０、０．５４、０．７２Ｃｕμｍｏｌ·Ｌ－１。     

中国稻蝗属细胞分类学研究(英文)

本文对分布于中国境内11省区,27个采集地点的八种稻蝗进行了染色体C带核型比较研究。结果表明:中华稻蝗Oxya chinensis,上海稻蝗O.shanghaiensis,无齿稻蝗O.adentata C带分布型式相似,但染色体分组型式、交叉定位数据以及异染色质含量具有差异;山稻蝗O.agauisa具有本身独特的带纹结构,与本属其它种类迥异;双带稻蝗O.bicingula染色体带型结构相似于山稻蝗及中华稻蝗类群,表明三者在进化历程中有一定联系。小稻蝗O.hyla intricata中一个亲缘种团(Sibling species group),体现在种内的形态差异及染色体带型结构的不同。显示该种近期内分化速率较高。据此,本文讨论了稻蝗属内八个种相互间的亲缘关系和分类地位,本文认为稻蝗属内务物种进化速率是不均衡的,这种状态应归因于各物种的遗传背景和环境因素的影响。