家兔脊髓蛛网膜下腔注射乙酰胆碱对血压和心率的影响

将乙酰胆碱(ACh)注入麻醉家兔脊髓蛛网膜下腔,观察其对心血管活动的影响。结果表明:(1)脊髓蛛网膜下腔注射50～100μg ACh可使血压下降,心率减慢;(2)预先由脊髓蛛网膜下腔注射阿托品,可阻断ACh引起的降压和降心率作用;(3)脊髓蛛网膜下腔注射六甲双铵、酚妥拉明或心得安均不能阻断上述ACh的心血管反应;(4)切断两侧颈部迷走神经,ACh不再使心率减慢,但其降低血压的作用不受到任何影响。 脊髓中ACh水平升高可通过激活胆碱能M-受体引起血压下降和心率减慢。ACh的这种降压作用既没有中枢肾上腺素能受体活动参与,也不是通过迷走神经实现的,可能是由于脊髓交感血管中枢紧张性降低所造成的。     

粉纹夜蛾核型多角体病毒诱导的胸苷激酶特性研究

粉纹夜蛾(Trichoplusia ni)核型多角体病毒(TnNPV)感染草地贪夜蛾(Spodop-tera frugiperda)细胞后能诱导提高胸苷激酶的活性。不论是正常或感染细胞中的胸苷激酶都可将脱氧胞苷磷酸化,酶活最适pH及Mg~( )离子浓度值基本相同,DEAE-纤维素和Cibacron blue-sepharose柱层析所得酶活性图谱亦相似。TnNPV在胸苷激酶缺陷型的草地贪夜蛾细胞中能正常复制,但被感染细胞不具有胸苷激酶活性。由此可以确定,经TnNPV感染诱导后,活性有所提高的胸苷激酶不是病毒基因编码的。     

高温厌氧条件下纤维素的直接乙醇发酵

本文介绍了出分解纤维素的嗜热厌氧菌Clostridium celluloflavus sp.nov.直接发酵纤维素产乙醇的初步研究、发酵于60℃下进仃,其主要产物为乙醇、乙酸、氢气和二氧化碳。文中介绍了间歇发酵的若干特征与影响发酵的因素,1％纤维素发酵至120小时,大约有70％纤维素被分解;乙醇的转化率约为0.36g/g降解纤维素;发酵液中乙醇浓度达到56至61mM。发酵中乙醇与乙酸浓度的比值因发酵时间与其它发酵条件的不同而不同。     

Use of green fluorescent protein to visualize the early events of symbiosis between Rhizobium meliloti and alfalfa (Medicago sativa).

A gene encoding a variant of green fluorescent protein (GFP) of Aequorea victoria was put under the control of a promoter which is constitutive in Rhizobium meliloti. The heterologous GFP gene was expressed at high levels during all stages of symbiosis, allowing R. meliloti cells to be visualized as they grew in the rhizosphere, on the root surface, and inside infection threads. In addition, nodules that were infected with bacteria which were synthesizing GFP fluoresced when illuminated with blue light. GFP-tagged bacteria could be seen inside infection threads, providing the opportunity to measure the growth rate and determine the patterns of growth of R. meliloti residing inside its host plant.     

Identification and characterization of three genes and two pseudogenes on chromosome 13

A study was conducted on the feasibility of isolating genes and pseudogenes that map to chromosome 13 by a hybridization-based approach using a 13-specific library and pools of repeat-free cDNA clones. Five pairs of cDNA and chromosome 13 genomic clones were identified and characterized. Partial or full-length sequence was derived from all cDNAs, and database searches were performed for putative gene identification. Partial sequence was also obtained from the chromosome 13 genomic clones for comparison with those of the hybridizing cDNAs. As a result of these analyses we identified three genes, a putative homologue of a porcine mRNA encoding an unidentified hepatic protein, a putative homologue of a yeast integral membrane protein, and a gene for a translationally controlled tumor protein, and two processed pseudogenes, ribosomal proteins L23a and S3a. The latter was formerly identified as the v-fos transformation effector gene, Fte-1, and recently cited as a possible candidate for the BRCA2 gene on chromosome 13. All genes and pseudogenes were localized to cytogenetic bands by in situ hybridization of metaphase chromosomes with probes derived from the chromosome 13 genomic clones.     

小麦×玉米杂交后代的蛋白质及酯酶同工酶分析

以８ 个普通小麦（Ｔｒｉｔｉｃｕｍ ａｅｓｔｉｖｕｍ Ｌ．）品种为母本,２ 个栽培玉米（Ｚｅａ ｍ ａｙｓ Ｌ．）品种为父本杂交所获得的Ｆ２ 代在形态上出现了明显变异。对其籽粒进行蛋白质电泳分析,得到了如下主要结果：杂交后代的蛋白质谱带较母本有了很大的变异,主要集中在高分子量麦谷蛋白（ＨＭＷ－Ｇｌｕ）区域。杂交后代的蛋白质谱带由５ 种类型构成：１．母本型,占全部测试籽粒的２２．６％ ;２．附加型,占１４．３％ ;３．互补型,占１５．５％ ;４．杂种型,占３０．９％ ;５．缺失型,占１６．７％ 。对“矮杆早”ד紫粘”的Ｆ２ 代籽粒进行酯酶同工酶电泳分析发现,变异主要发生在ＥＳＴ－１ 区。由此看来,小麦×玉米的杂合子中玉米染色体在被排除前后,可以诱发小麦染色体组发生遗传变异     

大肠癌中p53基因突变的研究

应用聚合酶链反应(PCR)──单链构型多态性(SSCP)结合银染法对14例大肠癌p53基因的第4、第5─6和第7外显子进行了点突变的研究,结果共检测出6例点突变,而且发现各外显子的突变频率存在差异。另外,利用购自ATCC的两个探针 (p53cDNA探针和pYNZ22探针)对大肠癌中p53基因的杂合性失去进行了研究,在14例大肠癌中共检出6例杂合性丢失。将点突变检测结果同杂合性丢失结果进行比较分析, 并着重探讨了大肠癌中p53基因失活导致肿瘤的作用方式。 Abstract:The exons 4-7 of p53 gene were examined in 14 colorectal Cancer patients by using PCR-SSCP-silver staining method.The results showed 6 cases of point mutation and the mutation frequencies of exons were different from each other.p53 cDNA and pYNZ22 VNTR were used as probes to examine LOH(Loss of heterozygosity)of 14 colorectal cancers.6 cases with LOH were found.The results of present research suggest that mutation and LOH of p53 gene are critical events in the progress and development of Cancer.There were different kinds of inactivation model of p53 gene in the process of development of cancer and transformation of cells.     

Human neurotrophin-3: A one-step peptide mapping method and complete disulfide characterization of the recombinant protein

Human neurotrophin-3 (NT-3) is a member of the nerve growth factor (NGF) family of neurotrophic factors, and the recombinant protein is being developed as a therapeutic for neurodegenerative diseases. The final product purity and lot-to-lot variation are monitored routinely by peptide mapping. However, only the N-terminal region of NT-3 was susceptible to proteolysis under native conditions. Complete digestion required that the protein be chemically modified by reduction and S-alkylation prior to proteolysis. Complete proteolytic degradation of the protein was achieved simply by an intial denaturation of NT-3 in 6 M guanidinium chloride (pH 6) for 2 hr at 37°C, followed by a tenfold dilution with the digestion buffer (0.1 M Tris-HCl, 1 mM CaCl₂ at pH 7.0) and immediate addition of chymotrypsin at 1% by weight. Direct comparison of the peptide map with an identical aliquot that had been reduced and alkylated also allowed the establishment of the cystine linkages present in NT-3: Cys¹⁴ to Cys⁷⁹, Cys⁵⁷ to Cys¹⁰⁸, and Cys⁶⁷ to Cys¹¹⁰. This disulfide structure is homologous to the NGF family of neurotrophic factors.     

二核苷酸重复多态性的非同位素检测及其在基因诊断中的应用

本文报道了一种检测二核苷酸重复多态性的简便的非同位素法,利用重复序列两侧的特异引物进行ＰＣＲ扩增,产生的等位片段在薄层变性聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳上分离,再用灵敏的银染法显色。该方法不需要标记ＰＣＲ产物,简便、快速,分辨率可达１ｂｐ,并可用多对引物同时进行多重ＰＣＲ分析。用此方法对ＤＭＤ家系成员ｄｙｓｔｒｏｐｈｉｎ基因的５＇－脑型外显子止游区和３＇－非翻译区的两个（ＣＡ）。位点进行了扩增片段长度多态性分