文昌鱼轮器哈氏窝匀浆对幼体蟾蜍睾丸发育的初步探讨

关于文昌鱼生殖活动的调节,Tjoa和Welsch根据电镜的观察,推测文昌鱼头部轮器上的哈氏窝(Hatschek’s pit)可能与脊椎动物的脑下垂体同源。最近,张致一等用荧光免疫法研究发现轮器上的哈氏窝上皮细胞有与LH抗血清产生沉淀反应的分泌颗粒,从而进一步证实了Tjoa等人的看法。我们在光学显微镜下也观察到哈氏窝上皮细胞内分泌颗粒的数量,在性腺发育的不同阶段有明显的区别(待发表的资料),提示哈氏窝上皮细胞与性腺发     

Formation of amino acid from urea and ammonia by sequential enzyme reaction using a microencapsulated multi-enzyme system

A microencapsulated multi-enzyme system has been used for the conversion of urea and ammonia into an amino acid, glutamate. The microencapsulated multi-enzyme system contains urease (E.C.3.5.1.5), glutamate dehydrogenase (E.C.1.4.1.3), and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (E.C.1.1.1.49). The conversion of urea into glutamate is achieved by the sequential reaction of urease and glutamate dehydrogenase; while glutamate dehydrogenase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase allow for the cyclic regeneration of NADP⁺:NADPH required for the reaction. The rate of production of glutamate is 1.3 μmole per min per ml of microcapsules. The encapsulated multi-enzyme system thus allows for the sequential enzyme reaction for the conversion of urea and ammonia into an amino acid.     

美国白蛾与两种雪灯蛾的区别

美国白蛾Hyphantria cunea(Drury)原产北美,传入欧洲及亚洲后,成为林木、果树、行道阔叶树的毁灭性害虫。据报道,在苏联为害230种植物,在日本为害371种植物。此种害虫的幼虫及蛹能随果品及包装材料而传播扩散,当前已列为重要的国际植物检疫对象。1979年传入我国辽宁丹东一带,为了防止该虫进一步扩散,首先要求能正确识别。由于美国白蛾与雪灯蛾属Spilosoma的星白雪灯蛾S.menthastri(Esper)及稀点雪灯蛾S.urticae(Esper)在外形上很相似,往往容易混淆,本文就三种成虫的主要区别特征分述于后。     

乳突拟耧斗菜中的一新二萜成分

从乳突拟耧斗菜(Paraquilegia anemoides)乙醇提取物的非碱部分中分得两个二萜类化合物:ent—考兰烷—16β,17—二醇和拟耧斗菜素(paraquilegin)。其中拟耧斗菜素是一新化合物,其结构经光谱解析和化学方法证明为ent—17—咖啡酰氧基-考兰烷—16B-醇。     

Altered processing of integrin receptors during keratinocyte activation

We used monoclonal antibodies against specific integrin subunits to examine the role of integrin receptors in keratinocyte activation. We found that before activation, beta 1 subunits in keratinocytes showed a diffuse distribution, whereas after activation, keratinocytes organized beta 1 receptors into marginal adhesion plaques. In immunoprecipitation experiments with antibodies against beta 1 integrin subunits, we found mostly immature subunits synthesized in keratinocytes freshly harvested from skin. Moreover, integrin receptor complexes immunoprecipitated from these cells by monoclonal antibodies against alpha 2, alpha 3, or alpha 5 subunits contained only immature beta 1 subunits. With keratinocytes cultured 4-7 days, anti-beta 1 antibodies immunoprecipitated mostly mature beta 1 subunits, and integrin complexes immunoprecipitated from cultured cells by anti-alpha subunit antibodies contained mostly mature beta 1 subunits. Antibodies directed against beta 1 subunits also inhibited keratinocyte migration. Based on these results, we suggest that up-regulation of migration by activated keratinocytes depends on changes in processing of pre-beta 1 subunits to mature beta 1 subunits. We also studied the distribution of integrin subunits in skin and on keratinocytes migrating out of skin explants. Whereas beta 1, alpha 2, and alpha 3 subunits were detected in keratinocytes in skin and migrating out of explants, alpha 5 subunits were observed only in migrating cells.     

A soluble mitochondrial protein increases the voltage dependence of the mitochondrial channel,VDAC

A soluble protein isolated from mitochondria has been found to modulate the voltage-dependent properties of the mitochondrial outer membrane channel, VDAC. This protein, called the VDAC modulator, was first found inNeurospora crassa and then discovered in species from other eukaryotic kingdoms. The modulator-containing fraction (at a crude protein concentration of 20 µg/ml) increases the voltage dependence of VDAC channels over 2–3-fold. At higher protein concentrations (50–100 µg/ml), some channels seem to remain in a closed state or be blocked while others display the higher voltage dependence and are able to close at low membrane potentials. By increasing the steepness of the voltage-dependent properties of VDAC channels, this modulator may serve as an amplifierin vivo to increase the sensitivity of the channels in response to changes in the cell's microenvironment, and consequently, regulate the metabolic flux across the outer mitochondrial membrane by controlling the gating of VDAC channels.     

血管活性肠肽(VIP)在文昌鱼体内免疫组织化学定位的研究

本文用免疫组织化学技术首次发现VIP在文昌鱼体内有广泛分布。结果表明,VIP免疫阳性反应出现在消化道各部位,如中肠突、中肠前和后部以及后肠、神经系统、发育早期性腺以及口腔前庭两侧皮下组织中。     

不同叶色水稻叶绿体密度及基粒结构的计算机图象分析

水稻叶绿体计算机图象分析表明,随着叶片色级的提高,叶绿体表面积密度、体积密度以及两者的比值都相应增加。深色稻叶基粒堆直径与高度、类囊体垛叠数与类囊体厚度、叶绿素与类胡萝卜素含量、气孔导度与净光合率均大于浅色叶片。深色叶片基粒堆密集,有些基粒类囊体出现沿叶绿体长轴方向排列整齐现象;浅色叶片基粒堆稀疏,其中较大的基粒类囊体与长轴呈倾斜排列。     

~(125)Ⅰ标记单抗LC-I与肺腺癌细胞体内外结合特性的研究

本文用~(125)Ⅰ标记LC-1进行了一些体内外实验。实验结果表明:LC-1单抗的结合常数为4.8×10~8M~(-1),LC-1针对的SPC-A_1细胞表面抗原的位点数为7.2×10~4/细胞;LC-1与LAC-122两单抗针对的抗原决定簇没有交叉;用蛋白酶和过碘酸钠处理SPC-A_1细胞,前者对LC-1的结合抑制39%,后者抑制66%;LC- 1不但有较强的体外结合靶细胞的能力,从LC-1在荷瘤裸鼠中的组织器官分布来看,LC-1与肿瘤有较高的体内亲和性,并且是特异性的结合。