NaCl(2 mol/L)处理PSⅡ颗粒的Ca~(2+)重结合

回加Ca~(2+)对 NaCl(2 mol/L)处理菠菜PSⅡ颗粒放氧活性的作用表现出有两种K_m值分别为 0.021和 0.545 mmol/L的高亲和与低亲和的Ca~(2+)重结合过程。高浓度NaCl和低 pH(3.0)处理去Ca的 PSⅡ颗粒的光抑制放氧活性半衰期(t_(1/2))明显减小。重结合Ca~(2+后,虽然大部办丧失的放氧活性可恢复,但PSⅡ颗粒放氧活性对光抑制的敏感性却并不随之恢复,t_(1/2)无明显改变。显然,重组Ca~(2+)的结合状态和作用与PSⅡ颗粒原有的结合Ca不完全相同。     

Isolation and Purification of Carp Mitochondrial DNA and Structural Analysis of Its tRNA~(Cys) Gene and the Light Strand Origin

A new method is presented with which we isolated milochondrial DNA from fresh carp liver usingdifferential centrifugation and DNase treatment that gave high yield of purified product with an easyand economical procedure. Highly distinct bands were displayed in agarose gel electrophoresls ofthe product digested with restrictlon enzymes, which were successfully used in constructingrestriction map and molecular clone of mitochondrial genes. With DNAs thus obtained, we havecloned cysteine tRNA gene (tRNA~(Cys) gene) of carp mitochondria, determined the nucleotide sequenceof it and the light strand origin, and depicted the cloverleaf secondary structure of tDNA~(Cya) and thelight strand origin. Analysis of nucleotide sequences of tRNA~(Cy) genes of 5 vertebrates has revealedunusual features of carp mitochondrial tRNA~(Cy) gene as compared with their cytoplasmic counter-parts, Altogether 36 bases were found in the light strand origin of carp mitochondriaf: 11 pairs in thestem; and 14 bases in the loop. As compared with those of other 11 vertebrate species, the sequenceof the stem is very conservative while both sequence and length of the loop are quite variable. Thestructure of the stem-loop may play an important role in light strand replication.     

Two Different Forms of Gonadotropin-releasing Hormone in Amphioxus

Since a GnRH was isolated from mammalian hypothalamus and purified in 1971 and 1972, severalvariants have been identified in various forms of lower vertebrates. However, the presence of GnRHin amphioxus is still an open question. Chang et al. (1984) observed the presence of immunopositivegranules for GnRH in Hatschek's pit of amphioxus. In this paper, HPLC was used for the isolationand purification of GnRH-like peptide from amphioxus tissues, while radioimmunoassay was appliedto determine the immunoreactivity of the peptide. Based on the immunological and chromatographiccharacteristics, two kinds of GnRH (mGnRH and sGchH) were identified in amphioxus and theseGnRH-like peptide were found to be present in the "head", "middle" and "tail" regions ofamphioxus.     

卷柏科11种雌配子体形态发育的研究

本文用扫描电镜和光镜详细研究了人工培养的中国产卷柏科Selaginellaceae 11种卷柏的雌配子体的发育特点和形态特征,11种卷柏分别是卷柏Selaginella tamariscina(Beauv.)Spring小卷柏,S.helvetica(L.)Link,鹿角卷柏S.rossii(Bak.)Warb.,疏叶卷柏S.remotifolia Sp-ring,西伯利亚卷柏S.sibirica(Milde)Hieron,中华卷柏S.sinensis(Desv.)Spring,薄叶卷柏S.delicatula(Desv.)Alston,异穗卷柏S.heterostachys Bak.,细叶卷柏S.labordei Hieron。,伏地卷柏S.nippon-ica Fr.et Sav.和圆枝卷柏S.sanguinolenta(L.)Spring,在比较了每种雌配子体形态发育特点的基础上,讨论了卷柏科雌配子体在形态演化上的可能趋势,认为有“赤道轴缩减型”和“极轴缩减型”之分,这与根据孢子体将卷柏科分为Homoerphyllum和Heterophyllum两类的观点相吻合,并探讨了用雌配子体形态发育为卷柏类分组所能提供的依据。 其中9种系首次报道。     

陕西省腹菌纲真菌的分类学研究（分类与分布）

本文报道了产于陕西省的腹菌纲真菌５１种,其中包括２个疑难种和１３个省内新记录种,隶属于６目、９科１９属。     

肩盲蝽属中国种类记述(半翅目:盲蝽科)(英文)

本文为肩盲蝽属Allorhinocoris Reuter盲蝽科盲蝽亚科在中国的首次报道。共记载两种:分布于新疆的黄绿肩盲蝽A. flavus J. Sahlberg和发现于甘肃、山西、河北的新种中国肩盲蝽A. chinensis Lu,sp. noV.。文中附有中国种类检索表。模式标本存南开大学生物系。     

河南蝗虫一新属一新种(直翅目:斑腿蝗科)

1983～1986年,我们曾对河南蝗虫种类进行了系统调查,在整理鉴定标本中,发现一新属一新种,现报道如下。 模式标本保存于中国科学院上海昆虫研究所。     

大豆根瘤中多磷酸盐积累的特征

我们用透射电镜观察了丰收11号大豆根瘤中多磷酸盐颗粒的形态结构、分布规律以及与根瘤菌发育的关系。观察表明,它是一种电子密度很高的圆形颗粒,其直径在110—140nm之间。表面圆整,没有膜包围,内部质地均匀而致密。它只存在于根瘤菌的DHA纤维上,而不存在于胞质中。在刚从侵入线释放出来的根瘤菌中没有或只有很少这种颗粒,但在即将成熟的根瘤菌中却非常丰富,随后又逐渐减少,乃至完全消失。由此可见,根瘤中多磷酸盐的积累与根瘤菌的生长发育有关。     

马铃薯叶甲属六个种的等位基因酶变异

用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳测定了马铃薯叶甲属(Leptinotarsa)六个种:马铃薯叶甲(L. decemlinecta)、胡颓子叶茄叶甲(L. texana)、柔毛茄叶甲(L. rubiginosa)、膜苞菊叶甲(L. lineolata)、蒺藜叶甲(L. peninsularis)和蒺藜四条叶甲(L. tlascalana)的等位基因酶变异.分析了14种同工酶(ACPH、ADH、AMY、FUM、GDH、GOT、IDH、HBDH、LAP、MDH、ME、PGM、SORDH和XDH)的17个座位.其中单型座位有9个,多型座位有8个,后者占47.1%.六个种的平均杂合度为0.091.其中最高的是膜苞菊叶甲0.154;最低的是蒺藜四条叶甲0.042.六个种彼此之间的遗传距(D)在0.129—0.573之间,说明这六个种的亲缘关系是很密切的.