全文获取类型
收费全文 | 818篇 |
免费 | 109篇 |
国内免费 | 3篇 |
出版年
2021年 | 25篇 |
2020年 | 10篇 |
2019年 | 14篇 |
2018年 | 10篇 |
2017年 | 10篇 |
2016年 | 16篇 |
2015年 | 19篇 |
2014年 | 34篇 |
2013年 | 41篇 |
2012年 | 65篇 |
2011年 | 58篇 |
2010年 | 37篇 |
2009年 | 29篇 |
2008年 | 40篇 |
2007年 | 43篇 |
2006年 | 32篇 |
2005年 | 39篇 |
2004年 | 46篇 |
2003年 | 31篇 |
2002年 | 38篇 |
2001年 | 17篇 |
2000年 | 18篇 |
1999年 | 26篇 |
1998年 | 15篇 |
1997年 | 10篇 |
1996年 | 12篇 |
1995年 | 13篇 |
1994年 | 9篇 |
1993年 | 11篇 |
1992年 | 12篇 |
1991年 | 18篇 |
1990年 | 13篇 |
1989年 | 10篇 |
1988年 | 14篇 |
1987年 | 9篇 |
1986年 | 9篇 |
1985年 | 8篇 |
1984年 | 11篇 |
1983年 | 8篇 |
1982年 | 9篇 |
1981年 | 4篇 |
1980年 | 2篇 |
1979年 | 5篇 |
1978年 | 5篇 |
1977年 | 7篇 |
1976年 | 2篇 |
1975年 | 2篇 |
1973年 | 3篇 |
1951年 | 1篇 |
1944年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有930条查询结果,搜索用时 250 毫秒
151.
CRISPR-Cas9 Knockin Mice for Genome Editing and Cancer Modeling 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Randall J. Platt Sidi Chen Yang Zhou Michael J. Yim Lukasz Swiech Hannah R. Kempton James E. Dahlman Oren Parnas Thomas M. Eisenhaure Marko Jovanovic Daniel B. Graham Siddharth Jhunjhunwala Matthias Heidenreich Ramnik J. Xavier Robert Langer Daniel G. Anderson Nir Hacohen Aviv Regev Guoping Feng Phillip A. Sharp Feng Zhang 《Cell》2014
152.
The crustacean genus Artemia naturally inhabits various saline and hypersaline environments and is the most frequently laboratory-hatched animal for live feed in mari- and aquaculture. Because of its high economic importance, Artemia-bacteria interactions were so far studied mostly in laboratory strains. In this study, we focused our attention on the Artemia-associated microbiota in its natural environment in the solar salterns of Eilat, Israel. We applied a culture-independent method (clone libraries) to investigate the bacterial community structure associated with Artemia in five evaporation ponds with salinities from slightly above seawater (5%) to the point of saturation (32%), in two different developmental stages: in nauplii and in the intestine of adult animals. Bacteria found in naupliar and adult stages were classified within the Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, Actinobacteria and Cyanobacteria. The halophilic proteobacterial genera Halomonas spp. and Salinivibrio spp. dominated the Artemia microbiota in both stages in all ponds. We also analysed a clone library of entire adult animals, revealing a novel bacterial phylogenetic lineage. This is the first molecular study of bacteria associated with two developmental stages of Artemia along a salinity gradient. 相似文献
153.
There are two major purposes of this essay. The first is to summarize existing evidence that irrespective of the initiating
causes, neuron death and degeneration in Parkinson’s disease (PD) are due to the common feature of failure of signaling by
Akt, a kinase involved in neuron survival and maintenance of synaptic contacts. The second is to consider possible means by
which such a failure of Akt signaling might be benignly prevented or reversed in neurons affected by PD, so as to treat PD
symptoms, block disease progression, and potentially, promote recovery. 相似文献
154.
155.
L-Myo-inositol 1-phosphate synthase (INPS EC 5.5.1.4) catalyzes the conversion of D-glucose 6-phosphate to L-myo-inositol 1-phosphate. INPS is a key enzyme involved in the biosynthesis of phytate which is a common form of stored phosphates in higher plants. The present study monitored the increase of INPS expression in Azolla filiculoides resulting from exposure to inorganic phosphates, metals and salt stress. The expression of INPS was significantly higher in Azolla plants that were grown in rich mineral growth medium than those maintained on nutritional growth medium. The expression of INPS protein and corresponding mRNA increased in plants cultured in minimal nutritional growth medium when phosphate or Zn2+, Cd2+ and NaCl were added to the growth medium. When employing rich mineral growth medium, INPS protein content increased with the addition of Zn2+, but decreased in the presence of Cd2+ and NaCl. These results indicated that accumulation of phytate in Azolla is a result of the intensified expression of INPS protein and mRNA, and its regulation may be primarily derived by the uptake of inorganic phosphate, and Zn2+, Cd2+ or NaCl. 相似文献
156.
Sigal Cohen Michal Zmudjak Catherine Colas des Francs‐Small Sunita Malik Felix Shaya Ido Keren Eduard Belausov Yair Many Gregory G. Brown Ian Small Oren Ostersetzer‐Biran 《The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology》2014,78(2):253-268
Group II introns are large catalytic RNAs that are found in bacteria and organellar genomes of lower eukaryotes, but are particularly prevalent within mitochondria in plants, where they are present in many critical genes. The excision of plant mitochondrial introns is essential for respiratory functions, and is facilitated in vivo by various protein cofactors. Typical group II introns are classified as mobile genetic elements, consisting of the self‐splicing ribozyme and its own intron‐encoded maturase protein. A hallmark of maturases is that they are intron‐specific, acting as cofactors that bind their intron‐containing pre‐RNAs to facilitate splicing. However, the degeneracy of the mitochondrial introns in plants and the absence of cognate intron‐encoded maturase open reading frames suggest that their splicing in vivo is assisted by ‘trans’‐acting protein factors. Interestingly, angiosperms harbor several nuclear‐encoded maturase‐related (nMat) genes that contain N‐terminal mitochondrial localization signals. Recently, we established the roles of two of these paralogs in Arabidopsis, nMAT1 and nMAT2, in the splicing of mitochondrial introns. Here we show that nMAT4 (At1g74350) is required for RNA processing and maturation of nad1 introns 1, 3 and 4 in Arabidopsis mitochondria. Seed germination, seedling establishment and development are strongly affected in homozygous nmat4 mutants, which also show modified respiration phenotypes that are tightly associated with complex I defects. 相似文献
157.
A. Christopher Oishi Sari Palmroth Kurt H. Johnsen Heather R. McCarthy Ram Oren 《Global Change Biology》2014,20(4):1146-1160
Soil CO2 efflux (Fsoil) is the largest source of carbon from forests and reflects primary productivity as well as how carbon is allocated within forest ecosystems. Through early stages of stand development, both elevated [CO2] and availability of soil nitrogen (N; sum of mineralization, deposition, and fixation) have been shown to increase gross primary productivity, but the long‐term effects of these factors on Fsoil are less clear. Expanding on previous studies at the Duke Free‐Air CO2 Enrichment (FACE) site, we quantified the effects of elevated [CO2] and N fertilization on Fsoil using daily measurements from automated chambers over 10 years. Consistent with previous results, compared to ambient unfertilized plots, annual Fsoil increased under elevated [CO2] (ca. 17%) and decreased with N (ca. 21%). N fertilization under elevated [CO2] reduced Fsoil to values similar to untreated plots. Over the study period, base respiration rates increased with leaf productivity, but declined after productivity saturated. Despite treatment‐induced differences in aboveground biomass, soil temperature and water content were similar among treatments. Interannually, low soil water content decreased annual Fsoil from potential values – estimated based on temperature alone assuming nonlimiting soil water content – by ca. 0.7% per 1.0% reduction in relative extractable water. This effect was only slightly ameliorated by elevated [CO2]. Variability in soil N availability among plots accounted for the spatial variability in Fsoil, showing a decrease of ca. 114 g C m?2 yr?1 per 1 g m?2 increase in soil N availability, with consistently higher Fsoil in elevated [CO2] plots ca. 127 g C per 100 ppm [CO2] over the +200 ppm enrichment. Altogether, reflecting increased belowground carbon partitioning in response to greater plant nutritional needs, the effects of elevated [CO2] and N fertilization on Fsoil in this stand are sustained beyond the early stages of stand development and through stabilization of annual foliage production. 相似文献
158.
159.
160.
Haralambos Hadjivassiliou Oren S. Rosenberg Christine Guthrie 《RNA (New York, N.Y.)》2014,20(5):656-669
Sad1 is an essential splicing factor initially identified in a genetic screen in Saccharomyces cerevisiae for snRNP assembly defects. Based on sequence homology, Sad1, or USP39 in humans, is predicted to comprise two domains: a zinc finger ubiquitin binding domain (ZnF-UBP) and an inactive ubiquitin-specific protease (iUSP) domain, both of which are well conserved. The role of these domains in splicing and their interaction with ubiquitin are unknown. We first used splicing microarrays to analyze Sad1 function in vivo and found that Sad1 is critical for the splicing of nearly all yeast intron-containing genes. By using in vitro assays, we then showed that it is required for the assembly of the active spliceosome. To gain structural insights into Sad1 function, we determined the crystal structure of the full-length protein at 1.8 Å resolution. In the structure, the iUSP domain forms the characteristic ubiquitin binding pocket, though with an amino acid substitution in the active site that results in complete inactivation of the enzymatic activity of the domain. The ZnF-UBP domain of Sad1 shares high structural similarly to other ZnF-UBPs; however, Sad1''s ZnF-UBP does not possess the canonical ubiquitin binding motif. Given the precedents for ZnF-UBP domains to function as activators for their neighboring USP domains, we propose that Sad1''s ZnF-UBP acts in a ubiquitin-independent capacity to recruit and/or activate Sad1''s iUSP domain to interact with the spliceosome. 相似文献