过氧化氢对铜锌超氧化物歧化酶活性及某些理化性质的影响

用H_2O_2作用于牦牛红细胞铜锌超氧化物歧化酶。观察到酶活性随H_2O_2浓度升高及作用时间增加而下降;酶分子连接的铜和锌有所丢失;PAGE图谱中三条酶活性带成为四条酶活性带;等电点下降;680nm处表征二价铜光学性质的可见光吸收减弱;紫外吸收增加,表现为增色效应;内源性荧光减弱;在含有3.0mol/LKCl的PH3.8—5.4琥珀酸缓冲液中溶解度下降;酶对胰蛋白酶水解的敏感性增加。     

过氧化氢对铜锌超氧化物歧化酶结构损伤作用的进一步研究

我们曾观察到H_2O_2可使牦牛红细胞超氧化物歧化酶的活性下降及某些理化性质发生变化。在此基础上,进一步确证H_2O_2可使该酶结构受到损伤,其依据为H_2O_2作用后,酶的圆二色谱变化显示其β-折叠含量减少,无规则卷曲含量增加;酶分子中有二酪氨酸生成;组氨酸、精氨酸、赖氨酸、丝氨酸和苏氨酸含量相对减少,而天冬氨酸、谷氨酸和甘氨酸含量相对增加;用2.4-二硝基苯肼试剂可测得羰基生成;SDS-PAGE测出酶的部分亚基被降解为小肽段;用荧光胺法测得自由氨基量的增加。本文对上述变化的机理进行了探讨。     

玉米培养物中弯角镰孢菌代谢产物的分析与鉴定

从致牛烂蹄病的稻草中分离的弯角镰孢菌菌株(Fusarium camptoceras)于1988年和1991年分两批接种玉米中,培养物用乙腈:水(3:1,v/v)提取,正已烷脱脂,Florisil色谱柱净化,经净化的提取液经电子捕获气相色谱(GC-ECD)、薄层色谱(TLC)分析和气相色谱-质谱联用(GC-MS)鉴定,证实了弯角镰孢菌可同时产生多种单端孢霉烯族化合物。弯角镰孢菌能同时产生这些代谢物,在国内外未见报道。     

Effects of ELF magnetic fields on protein expression profile of human breast cancer cell MCF7

A case-control study in 1979 on electrical wiring configurations and childhood leukemia had stimulated interest in the issue that extremely low frequency magnetic fields (ELF MF) may have harmful biologi-cal effects especially on the incidence of human can-cer[1]. Since then, a large number of studies have been conducted to follow up this important result[2]. The majority of these studies indicate a weak association between exposure to 50―60 Hz ELF MF and the in-cidence of cancer; however…     

Silver stained polyacrylamide gels and fluorescence-based automated capillary electrophoresis for detection of amplified fragment length polymorphism patterns obtained from white-rot fungi in the genus Trametes

Silver stained denaturing polyacrylamide gels (PAGEs) and fluorescent denaturing automated capillary electrophoresis (CE) were used to detect amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) patterns obtained from white-rot fungi belonging to the genus Trametes. AFLP fingerprinting detected by the fluorescence-based method as well as by silver staining showed a high discriminatory power in differentiating nine strains of Trametes ochracea, nine strains of Trametes hirsuta and ten isolates of Trametes versicolor. UPGMA dendrograms derived from fluorescently labelled and silver stained AFLP patterns were similar, but a few differences were detected especially in the clustering of T. ochracea and T. hirsuta strains. Compared to silver-stained AFLP, detection of fluorescent AFLP was fast, reliable and easy to perform and it facilitated surveying with a computerized analysis system. Fluorescent CE seems to be well suited for studying similarity between Trametes species.     

Response of a Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm community to DNA-damaging chemical agents

Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain RM4440 carries a plasmid-borne fusion of the P. aeruginosa recA gene promoter to a promoterless lux operon from Vibrio fisheri. We tested the response of RM4440 in a biofilm to exposure to a 1-h pulse of each of 17 chemicals known to be toxic to bacteria and other organisms. The induction of light produced from the recA-lux fusion present in RM4440 proved to be sensitive and specific for DNA-damaging chemicals when included in a biofilm environment. This study demonstrates the potential usefulness of this construct for in situ investigation of bacterial communities.     

Carbofuran degradation mediated by three related plasmid systems

Two carbofuran-metabolizing Sphingomonas strains, TA and CD, were isolated from soils with differing histories of exposure to carbofuran. These strains were compared with a previously described strain, Sphingomonas sp. CFO6, with regard to growth rate, formation of metabolites, and plasmid content and structure. Extensive regions of similarity were observed between the three different plasmid systems as evidenced by cross hybridization. In addition, all three systems harbor IS1412, an insertion sequence (IS) element involved in heat-induced loss of carbofuran phenotype in CFO6, and heat-induced carbofuran deficient mutants of all three strains correlated with loss of IS1412. A carbofuran deficient mutant of TA generated by induction of IS elements was complemented by reintroduction of the wild-type plasmid, confirming the presence of genes required for carbofuran metabolism on this plasmid. Carbofuran metabolism in these three strains is clearly linked via plasmids of different numbers and sizes that share extensive common regions, and carbofuran-degrading genes may be associated with active IS elements.     

Sex-linked genes and linkage maps in amphibians

This paper reviews sex-linked genes and linkage maps in amphibians. It appears that there is no common ancestral or conserved sex-linkage group in amphibians, whereas an important proportion of other linkage groups has been conserved in amphibians. Comparisons of amphibian linkage maps with those of fishes and mammals reveal several syntenic associations apparently conserved over a very long period of vertebrate divergence.