The diversity effect of inductive reasoning under segment manipulation of complex cognition

Forming a general reasonable conclusion from a limited number of examples is one of the most mar-velous psychological activities of human beings. This kind of activities is inductive reasoning which is a key issue rising from the cross fields of psychology, phi-losophy, cognitive science, and so on. It is a thinking process of generalizing from concrete cases. The di-versity effect of inductive reasoning refers to the phe-nomenon that the inductive argument of more diverse premise can obtain s…     

节节麦5D染色体上随体多态性的一个证据

5D染色体是节节麦整个染色体组中唯一的1对随体染色体, 其随体位于5D短臂的末端。对来源于中国的9个不同的节节麦居群的吉姆萨C带分析表明: 同一份节节麦居群内不同植株或不同细胞,这个端部随体在整个有丝分裂前期、中期和间期都很稳定,表现为大小、强弱一致的端部特征带。但是不同节节麦居群间5D染色体上的这个随体C带存在多态性。5D染色体上的随体区域可以作为小麦遗传分析和遗传操作的标记性状。同时本文还对这种多态性与普通小麦 5D染色体短臂上随体的消失的关系作了分析。 Abstract:C-banding analysis of satellites in 9 accessions of Ae.tauschii native to China was carried out with C-banded miotic interphases,prophases and metaphases,The results showed that the c-banded heterochromatin of satellites of Ae.tauschii did not change in size during the whole miotic stage and novariaton was observed among plants and cells within a accession,while polymorphism in c-banded satellites between different accessions was found.The C-banded heterochromatin of satellites of Ae.tauschii can be used as a marker in genetic research and genetic research and genetic manipulation.Further discussion is made on the relation between the polymorphism and the satellie loss in common wheat.     

云南芒人肤纹参数及苯硫脲味盲率分析

本文首次报道了我国的一个待识别民族-芒人的13项肤纹参数, 并将13项参数与汉族比较,大多有显著或高度显著性差异。同时,本文还报告了对芒人PTC味盲频率的调查分析结果。     

鹌鹑羽色突变品系体重的遗传分析Genetic Analysis of Body Weights of Mutant Line in Feather Colour of Quails

在由4只羽色突变个体形成的白羽鹌鹑品系中,利用次级样本含量不等方差分析方法对528个个体1、2、3、4、5和10周龄的体重资料作了遗传分析,结果表明,遗传效应对各周龄体重都极为显著,孵化批次的效应也显著,而性别效应仅在5和10周龄体重才达到显著水平。各周龄体重的遗传力在0.20—0.28之间,低于一般估计值,表明这一品系相对较窄的遗传基础使性状的遗传变异减少,各周龄体重间的遗传相关在0.774以上,表型相关也较高。     

DNA序列中限制酶切割位点的分布

本文以人类、小鼠、大鼠和病毒基因组中的DNA序列为材料,分析了其中40种II型限制性核酸内切酶识认位点的数量和分布情况。发现人鼠序列中绝大多数酶的切点数量可以通过序列中单核苷酸或双核苷酸的频率来预测,而切点在序列上的分布也是随机的。例外的情况是人鼠序列中酶EcoRII(识认CCWGG)和MnlI(CCTC)的切点显著偏多,而DpnI*(GATC)的切点显著偏少;MnlI的切点倾向于聚集一处。病毒基因组中酶切位点也基本上是随机分布,但基因组间差异很大,跟人鼠序列差别也大,特别是噬菌体T7中有多达17种酶的切点显著偏少。文中讨论了所得结果对构建限制酶切图谱的理论计算以及对限制酶显带机理的意义,特别指出显带过程在酶的切点达到所要求的浓度时,跟酶的识认片段的专一性、酶切位点的数量都没有关系,而取决于染色体不同区段抵抗酶切破坏的能力。     

贵州苗族新生儿HbF中Gγ/Aγ比值测定与AγT基因频率分析

用含Triton X-100的酸性尿素聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(PAGE)法测定了贵州省108例苗族新生儿脐带血胎儿血红蛋白(HbF)中Gγ/Aγ值.显示107例(占99.07%)新生儿的Gγ值在55-78%之间,均值与标准差为70.42±3.45;高Gγ值者1例(占0.925%);低Gγ值者未发现。用Large-pore Vydac C4柱反相高效液相层析法对108例样本进行了AγT基因频率（fAγT）分析,fAγT为0.0648。 The ratio of Gγ to Aγ of fetal hemoglobin inn 108 cord blood samples of Miao nationality newborns in Guizhou province was determined by the polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis(PAGE).The result showed that one case had high Gγ value(0.925%) and 107 babies the normal Gγ values of 55 to 78%(70.42+3.45)。The AγT gene frequency(fAγT) analysis in 108 samples was done by high pressure liquid chromatography using a large pore Vydac C4 column,the fAγT was 0.0648.     

昆明山海棠遗传毒性评价I.致突效应的研究

本文报道了中药昆明山海棠在Ames试验、人外周血淋巴细胞姐妹染色单体互换（SCE）及小鼠骨髓细胞染色体结构畸变分析中的遗传毒性效应。结果发现,昆明山海棠根部水提取物（THH）(200~800mg/皿)及醇抽提物（ATH）（100~200mg/皿）在TA97、TA100均不同程度地诱发突变。THH在人体外周血淋巴细胞中显著诱发SCE（0.313~0.625mg/ml）。在小鼠骨髓细胞染色体结构分析中,THH未表现出明显的染色体断裂效应（2.5~14.3g/kg）。结果暗示,昆明山海棠对人类遗传物质具有潜在威胁,其临床应用应持谨慎态度。     

PARP酶抑制剂诱导转化细胞逆转及外源ras癌基因丢失的研究

用 5mmol/L PARP抑制剂苯甲酰胺处理经c-Ha-T24-ras活化癌基因转染得到的转化细胞系, 处理4周后发现转化细胞系的某些细胞生物学特性发生了改变,呈现出正常细胞的某些特性。伴随这一现象,检测到细胞中整合的外源T24-ras基因发生了丢失。 Abstract:A transformant line obtained by transfection of NTH3T3 cells with c-Ha-T24-ras gene was treated with 5mmol/L benzamide,an inhibitor of PARP enzyme for 4 weeks.Some changes in cellular properties of the transformant line were observed.Concomitant with these changes was the deletion of the exogenous c-Ha-T24-ras which had been integrated into genomic DNA of recipient cells.