Fractal root system of Melica przewalskyi along different aspect in degraded grassland

Aims Fractal root system is phenotypic plasticity result of plant root architecture to respond to environmental heterogeneity, may reflect the growth strategy of plants to adapt to environmental conditions. Our objective was to explore the relationship between root fractal dimension and fractal abundance of fractal root system of Melica przewalskyi population in response to aspect variation in the northwest of China. Methods The study site was located in a degraded alpine grassland on the northern slope in Qilian Mountains, Gansu Province, China. Survey and sampling were carried out at 40 plots which were set up along four slope aspects transects with 20 m distance between adjacent plots. Handheld GPS was used to determine the elevation, longitude and latitude of each plot. ArcGIS was used to set up digital elevation model (DEM). Community traits were investigated and six individuals roots of M. przewalskyi were collected randomly at each plot. The samples were cleaned and divided into different organs, then scanning the root with the Win-RHIZO for measurements of fractal dimension and fractal abundance in laboratory, and their biomass were then measured after being dried at 80 °C in an oven. Important findings With the slope aspect turned from north to east, west, and south, the density, height and soil moisture content of the plant community displayed a pattern of initial decline, the height, density, root fractal abundance of M. przewalskyi increased and the root fractal dimension decreased. The root fractal dimension was negatively associated with the fractal abundance in all aspects, but the relationship varied along the slope aspects gradient; there was a highly significant negative correlation (p < 0.01) between the root fractal dimension and fractal abundance at north slope and south slope aspect, whereas the correlation only reached a significant level (p < 0.05) at the east slope aspect and west slope aspect; indicating that there is a trade-off between the root fractal dimension and fractal abundance. In addition, when the slope aspect changed from north to east, west and south, the standardized major axis (SMA) slope of the regression equation in the scaling relationships between root fractal dimension and fractal abundance increased (p < 0.05), indicating that the roots of M. przewalskyi at the droughty southern slope have less branch and more sparse in the same soil volume of root exploitation and utilization. Consequently, the resource allocation pattern on reasonable trade-off between root fractal dimension and fractal abundance in different slope aspect of M. przewalskyi, reflects the relationship between the income and the cost of construction of plant root architecture.     

“同时蒸馏-萃取”分析茉莉花香成分

用一种经过改进的“同时蒸馏-萃取”仪提取了茉莉花的香成分,以 GC/MS 和 Kovats保留指数法鉴定了提取物中的28个化学成分。主要成分为:芳樟醇、乙酸苯甲酯、顺-石竹萜烯、榧烯醇、苯甲酸顺-3-己烯酯、邻氨基苯甲酸甲酯、二十三烯-11及吲哚。讨论了鲜花香成分和植物精油的采集与分析方法。     

茉莉酸甲酯对花生幼苗生长和抗旱性的影响

经过茉莉酸甲酯处理的花生幼苗,在形态、解剖和生理上都发生变化,其中以１２５ｍｇ／Ｌ处理最显著。处理后的植株幼苗矮化,叶小而厚,叶片贮水细胞大、蒸腾减弱、内源脱落酸和脯氨酸含量增多、过氧化物酶活性加大。由于水分的丧失减少,叶片水分的贮存增加,从而提高幼苗的抗旱性。     

臭Qu种群相对数量季节变化的初步分析

１９８５年４月１９９２年１２月,作者采用夹日法对萧山围垦农区臭Ｑｕ种群动态进行了连续逐月定点定时的研究。结果表明：臭Ｑｕ种群相对数量的季节消长呈后峰型双峰曲线,５月和１０月各出现一次高,怀孕率在２月和７月各出现一次高峰,平均胎仔数在５－６月和８－９月相对较多。室外群种相对数量高峰在４月和９－１０月;室内种群在５月和１０月,前峰不及室外种群明显。室内种群雌体怀孕率明显于室外种群。种群相对数量的季节变     

外源植物激素对小白菜硒、镉富集及生理特性的影响

增强作物对土壤硒的富集能力对于提高土壤硒的利用效率,优化富硒作物的生产具有重要意义。采用盆栽方法,设置对照组(CK)、50μmol·L^-1茉莉酸(JA50)、100μmol·L^-1茉莉酸(JA100)、50μmol·L^-1水杨酸(SA50)、100μmol·L^-1水杨酸(SA100)等处理组,分析不同处理小白菜硒含量、镉含量、生物量、叶绿素荧光参数、丙二醛含量和抗氧化酶活性的变化,探究外源植物激素在增强小白菜硒富集能力上的应用潜力。结果表明：与CK相比,激素处理组小白菜地上部硒含量提高54.7%～229.1%,根部硒含量提高175.0%～276.8%,同时茉莉酸处理组地上部硒含量和硒积累量显著高于水杨酸处理组;与CK相比,植物激素处理显著降低小白菜地上部镉含量26.3%～63.2%、镉积累量38.5%～72.1%,且茉莉酸处理组地上部镉含量和镉积累量明显低于水杨酸处理组;此外,激素处理组的F_v′/F_m′、Φ_PSⅡ和q_P