Isolation and identification of chemical constituents from tomato

采用机械破碎法和果胶酶酶解法,使成熟番茄果实细胞内含物充分释放,上清液经D-101大孔树脂富集吸附后,再经一系列柱色谱分离得到6个化合物,根据其理化性质和波谱分析,分别鉴定为:芦丁(1)、槲皮素(2)、木犀草素(3)、番茄皂苷A(4)、豆甾醇(5)、熊果酸(6).其中,化合物1、2、3、5、6为首次从该植物中分离得到.     

嗜低温真菌Pseudogymnoascus pannorum次级代谢产物研究

本文采用现代色谱分离手段从嗜低温真菌Pseudogymnoascus pannorum的大米发酵产物中分离得到8个化合物,采用现代波谱技术鉴定其结构,分别为:L-pyroglutamyl-L-phenylalanine(1)、(R)-N-acetylphenylalanine(2)、(R)-Nacetyltryptophan (3)、methyl 2-hydroxy-4-(3-hydroxy-5-methylphenoxy)-6-methylbenzoate (4)、2-hydroxy-4-(2-hydroxy-3-methoxy-5-methylphenoxyl)-6-methylbenzoate(5)、vanillic acid(6)、1,3,5-三甲氧基苯(7)和亚油酸(8)。其中化合物1和2为首次从天然界分离得到,化合物3～8为首次从假裸囊菌属真菌中分离得到。化合物1～8对人肝癌细胞Hep G-2和人乳腺癌细胞MCF-7未显示细胞毒作用。     

牛蒡根化学成分研究

从牛蒡根95%乙醇提取液中分离得到6个化合物,通过理化性质和波谱学方法鉴定出5个化合物分别为牛蒡子苷(1)、山柰酚(2)、腺苷(3)、羟基茄碱(4)、spirosl-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyrannosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-galactopyr-anosyl(5),其中化合物2～5为首次从该种植物中分离得到。     

蓝桉果实中的脂溶性成分

从蓝桉(Eucalyptus globulusLabill.)果实乙醇提取物的石油醚部位分离鉴定出6个化合物,通过理化和波谱分析结构鉴定为:5-羟基-4′,7-二甲氧基-6-甲基黄酮(1)、blumenol A(2)、蓝桉醇(3)、绿花白千层醇(4)、β-谷甾醇(5)、二十二烷酸(6),其中化合物1~4和化合物6系首次从该植物中分离得到,化合物1和2首次从桉属植物中分离得到.     

红背山麻杆根中PTP1B抑制活性成分研究

运用硅胶和凝胶色谱等天然产物分离技术从红背山麻杆根中分离得到9个化合物,结合各化合物理化性质和光谱数据鉴定其结构,包括6个三萜类成分鲨烯(1)、乙酰基木油醇酸(2)、木栓酮(3)、3-乙酰氧基-12-齐墩果烯-28-酸甲酯(4)、马斯里酸(5)、马斯里酸甲酯(6)和3个甾醇成分β-谷甾醇(7)、β-谷甾醇-3-O-硬脂酸酯(8)、豆甾-4-烯-3,6-二酮(9)。化合物2、3和7为首次从该植物中分离得到,其余化合物均为首次从该属植物中分离得到。以体外酶学方法测定化合物PTP1B抑制活性,化合物2、5、6和8具有PTP1B抑制活性。     

北美盐角草(Salicornia bigelovii Torr.)化学成分的研究(英文)

从北美盐角草中分离得到6个化合物,运用波谱手段分别鉴定为东莨菪内酯(1),杜松脑(2),金丝桃苷(3),槲皮素(4),异鼠李素-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(5)和β-谷甾醇(6)。其中,化合物1和2为该属植物中首次分离得到,化合物4和6为首次从该种植物中得到。     

青海干旱生境土壤链霉菌次级代谢产物的分离鉴定及活性研究北大核心CSCD

对青海干旱生境土壤链霉菌Streptomyces pactum KIB-HL8液体发酵,应用硅胶柱色谱和高效液相色谱等方法进行分离和纯化,得到5个化合物,并用MS、NMR等方法对其结构进行解析,分别鉴定为N-乙酰酪胺(1)、N-乙酰色胺(2)、吡咯-2-甲酰胺(3)、Inthomycin C(4)和Inthomycin B(5)。对其抗真菌、细菌活性进行筛选,发现化合物4对金黄色葡萄球菌有抑制活性,化合物1和2对番茄灰霉病菌有抑制活性,化合物3对番茄早疫病菌有较强的抑制活性。     

绵萆薢三萜皂苷类成分研究

为了解绵萆薢(Dioscorea spongiosa)的化学成分,从其70%乙醇水溶液提取物中分离鉴定了8个化合物,经理化性质和波谱数据分析分别鉴定为:20(S)-人参皂苷Rh1(1)、人参皂苷Rg1(2)、人参皂苷Re(3)、三七皂苷R1(4)、人参皂苷Rd(5)、人参皂苷Rb1(6)、常青藤皂苷元3-O-α-L-吡喃阿拉伯糖苷(7)和木通皂苷D(8)。化合物1、2、3、5和6为首次从该种植物中分离得到,化合物7和8为首次从薯蓣属植物中分离得到。     

青海干旱生境土壤链霉菌次级代谢产物的分离鉴定及活性研究

对青海干旱生境土壤链霉菌Streptomyces pactum KIB-HL8液体发酵,应用硅胶柱色谱和高效液相色谱等方法进行分离和纯化,得到5个化合物,并用MS、NMR等方法对其结构进行解析,分别鉴定为N-乙酰酪胺(1)、N-乙酰色胺(2)、吡咯-2-甲酰胺(3)、Inthomycin C(4)和Inthomycin B(5)。对其抗真菌、细菌活性进行筛选,发现化合物4对金黄色葡萄球菌有抑制活性,化合物1和2对番茄灰霉病菌有抑制活性,化合物3对番茄早疫病菌有较强的抑制活性。     

鹧鸪花中一个新的木脂素

为明确鹧鸪花枝叶的化学物质基础，该研究采用硅胶柱色谱、MCI、C₁₈、Sephadex LH-20及制备HPLC等色谱技术对其进行分离和纯化，并通过理化性质和波谱数据鉴定化合物的结构。结果表明：(1)从鹧鸪花枝、叶的甲醇提取物中分离得到6个单体化合物，分别鉴定为新化合物8-O-4′-木脂素，即heynealigan A(1)、3β,21-dihydroxy-24-methylenecycloartane(2)、3-oxo-threo-23,24,25-trihydroxytirucall-7-ene(3)、16-dehydeoxy-23β-hydroxymeliasenin F(4)、ergost-5, 24(28)-diene-3β, 23S-diol(5)、7α-羟基谷甾醇(6)。(2)化合物1为新的木脂素，化合物2-4为三萜化合物，化合物5和化合物6为甾体化合物，化合物2-5为首次从该植物中分离得到。该研究结果为鹧鸪花的合理开发利用提供了科学依据。     

Purification of heparinase and heparitinase by affinity chromatography on glycosaminoglycan-bound ah-sepha-rose 4b

Heparinase and heparitinase were separated from an extract of Flavobacterium heparinum, induced with heparin by using column chromatography on hydroxylapatite. As the heparinase preparation contained chondroitinases B and C, chondroitinase B was removed by rechromatography on a hydroxylapatite column. Chondroitinase C was then eliminated by column chromatography on O-phosphono(“phospho”)-cellulose. The heparinase preparation thus obtained was free from sulfoamidase for 2-deoxy-2-sulfoamino-D-glucose (GlcN-2S), sulfatase for 2-amino-2-deoxy-6-O-sulfo D-glucose (GlcN-6S), as well as (δ_4,5glycosiduronase for the unsaturated disaccharides obtained from heparin. The remaining sulfatase for 4-deoxy-α-L-thero-hex-4-enopyranosyluronic acid 2-sulfate (δUA-2S) in the heparinase preparation was removed by affinity chromatography with dermatan sulfate-bound AH-Sepharose 4B coated with dermatan sulfate. The heparitinase preparation separated by column chromatography on hydroxyla patite was purified by affinity chromatography with heparin-bound AH-Sepharose 4B coated with heparin. Sulfatase for 2-amino-2-deoxy-6-O-sulfo-D-glucose (GlcN-6S) and δ_4,5glycosiduronase for the unsaturated disaccharides obtained from heparin were removed by this chromatography. Sulfatase for 4-deoxy-α-L-threo-hex-4-enopyranosyluronic acid 2-sulfate (δUA-2S) remaining in the heparitinase preparation was finally removed by column chromatography on hydroxylapatite. The recoveries of the purified preparations of heparinase and heparitinase were estimated to be 39 and 50%, respectively, from the crude enzyme fractions obtained by the first column chromatography on hydroxyl- patite. The purified heparinase and heparitinase were free from all enzymes that could degrade the sulfated unsaturated disaccharides produced from heparin with heparinase.     

Purification and characterization of 1-nitropyrene nitroreductases from Bacteroides fragilis.

We isolated four nitroreductases from Bacteroides fragilis GAI0624 and examined their physicochemical and functional properties. Two major enzyme activities were found in the adsorbed and unadsorbed fractions from DEAE-cellulose column chromatography. The adsorbed fraction was subjected to Sephadex G-200 column chromatography, and two further activities were separated. One has high nitroreductase activity (nitroreductase I), and the other has low activity and relatively high molecular weight (nitroreductase III). The nitroreductase I fraction was subjected to hydroxylapatite and chromatofocusing column chromatography, and nitroreductase I was purified about 416-fold with a yield of 6.77%. The unadsorbed fraction from DEAE-cellulose column chromatography was subjected to Sepharose 2B and Sepharose 6B column chromatography. Two enzyme activities were obtained by the Sepharose 6B column chromatography. One has high activity (nitroreductase II), and the other has low activity (nitroreductase IV). Nitroreductase II was rechromatographed by Sepharose 6B gel filtration and purified about 178-fold with a yield of 9.65%. The four enzymes (nitroreductases I, II, III, and IV) were shown to be different by several criteria. Their molecular weights, determined by gel filtration, were 52,000, 320,000, 180,000, and 680,000, respectively. The substrate specificity, the effect on mutagenicity of mutagenic nitro compounds, of nitroreductases I, III, and IV was relatively high for 1-nitropyrene, dinitropyrenes, and 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide, respectively, but nitroreductase II had broad specificity. Nitroreductase activity required a coenzyme; nitroreductases II, III, and IV were NADPH linked, but nitroreductase I was NADH linked. All enzyme activity was enhanced by addition of flavin mononucleotide and inhibited significantly by dicumarol, p-chloromercuribenzoic acid, o-iodosobenzoic acid, sodium azide, and Cu2+.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

Purification and characterization of 1-nitropyrene nitroreductases from Bacteroides fragilis

We isolated four nitroreductases from Bacteroides fragilis GAI0624 and examined their physicochemical and functional properties. Two major enzyme activities were found in the adsorbed and unadsorbed fractions from DEAE-cellulose column chromatography. The adsorbed fraction was subjected to Sephadex G-200 column chromatography, and two further activities were separated. One has high nitroreductase activity (nitroreductase I), and the other has low activity and relatively high molecular weight (nitroreductase III). The nitroreductase I fraction was subjected to hydroxylapatite and chromatofocusing column chromatography, and nitroreductase I was purified about 416-fold with a yield of 6.77%. The unadsorbed fraction from DEAE-cellulose column chromatography was subjected to Sepharose 2B and Sepharose 6B column chromatography. Two enzyme activities were obtained by the Sepharose 6B column chromatography. One has high activity (nitroreductase II), and the other has low activity (nitroreductase IV). Nitroreductase II was rechromatographed by Sepharose 6B gel filtration and purified about 178-fold with a yield of 9.65%. The four enzymes (nitroreductases I, II, III, and IV) were shown to be different by several criteria. Their molecular weights, determined by gel filtration, were 52,000, 320,000, 180,000, and 680,000, respectively. The substrate specificity, the effect on mutagenicity of mutagenic nitro compounds, of nitroreductases I, III, and IV was relatively high for 1-nitropyrene, dinitropyrenes, and 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide, respectively, but nitroreductase II had broad specificity. Nitroreductase activity required a coenzyme; nitroreductases II, III, and IV were NADPH linked, but nitroreductase I was NADH linked. All enzyme activity was enhanced by addition of flavin mononucleotide and inhibited significantly by dicumarol, p-chloromercuribenzoic acid, o-iodosobenzoic acid, sodium azide, and Cu2+.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

源自海洋裸孢壳属真菌Emericella sp. TJ414JZ-21的次级代谢产物

采用硅胶柱层析、中压反相柱层析、Sephadex LH-20凝胶柱层析以及半制备高效液相色谱等分离技术,从真菌Emericella sp.的大米发酵产物中分离得到了8个单体化合物,并利用波谱学方法结合文献数据对其结构进行了鉴定,分别为：asteltoxin (1)、asteltoxin B (2)、penicillide (3)、purpactin A (4)、tajixanthone hydrate (5)、mycophenolic acid (6)、trans-dehydrodiferulate dimethyl ester (7)、2,8-dihydroxy-1,3-dimethoxy-6-methylanthraquinone (8)。其中,化合物3和4均为首次从该属真菌中分离得到。     

川芎内生菌Pseudeurotium ovale代谢产物研究

通过大孔树脂柱层析、凝胶柱层析和高效液相色谱等方法对川芎中分离得到的内生菌Pseudeurotium ovale的代谢物进行分离纯化,从中分离得到5个化合物,并通过核磁共振和质谱等波谱学技术手段确认所有化合物的结构,其中包含一个新的化合物4-methoxy-3-methyl-6-(1 E,3 E)-1,3-pentadien-1-yl-2 H-pyran-2-one(1)和四个首次从中分离得到的已知化合物:(2 E,4 E)-1-(2,6-dihydroxy-3,5-dimethylphenyl)-2,4-hexadien-1-one(2)、2-deoxy-sohirnone C(3)、trichodimerol(4)、3,7-dihydroxy-1,9-dimethyl-dibenzofuran(5)。体外抗炎活性测试表明化合物1可抑制经脂多糖(LPS)处理的RAW 264.7细胞中NO、IL-6和TNF-α等炎症因子的分泌。     

Evaluation of radial chromatography versus axial chromatography, practical approach

Developments in packing and packing port design of radial columns in recent years have resulted in a claimed significant increase in performance of this process chromatography technology. In this first study, the main chromatographic parameters as efficiency, capacity factor, asymmetry and resolution were evaluated in a unique one-to-one comparison between a 120 ml bed-volume and 6 cm bed length radial chromatography mini-process column against a 50 mm diameter, 6 cm bed height and 120 ml bed-volume axial chromatography column. Radial chromatography showed an increase in efficiency by 31% in the number of plates per meter while the equilibration could be reduced by 0.4-0.5 column volumes. The asymmetry factor for bovine serum albumin in radial chromatography showed a reduction of 20% while the reduction of the asymmetry factor of the smaller protein ovotransferrin decreased even by 46% in comparison to the performance of the comparative axial chromatography column. Therefore in radial chromatography resolution improved up to 20%. The retention volume was similar in both cases. For radial chromatography, the decrease in "width at half height" at Height Equivalent of Theoretical Plates (HETP) measurements was 40% while the decrease of the over-all width of the peak was 27%. For adsorbed/desorbed proteins, the elution peak showed similar results: "width at half height" decreased to 45% while the over-all width of the peak decreased by 28%. The concentration of the non-retained protein in the flow-through (lysozyme), increased by 35% while the concentration of the eluted fraction (serum albumin bovine), increased with 40% in the radial chromatography columns. The better results obtained with the radial column were probably the consequence of the geometrical design of this device (larger inlet surface area and small outlet surface area which concentrate the eluted fraction).     

一株抗MRSA内生细菌的鉴定及其活性物质

根据生理生化特征和16S rDNA序列,对一株从新疆苦豆子Sophora alopecuroides中分离的、对耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus,MRSA)具有较强拮抗作用的内生细菌菌株KDNB6进行鉴定;并通过硅胶柱、凝胶柱层析从该菌发酵产物中分离纯化了抗MRSA的活性物质。结果表明菌株KDNB6各项特征与粘质沙雷氏菌Serratia marcescens最为接近,鉴定为S.marcescens。从菌株KDNB6的代谢产物中分离到一个抗MRSA的活性成分。     

金花茶花化学成分的研究

采用反复硅胶柱色谱法、Sephadex LH-20柱色谱法、ODS柱色谱法、反复重结晶等方法对金花茶花的化学成分进行分离纯化,并通过理化常数测定和波谱分析等方法进行结构鉴定.从金花茶花的乙醇提取物中分离得到13个化合物,分别鉴定为:槲皮素(1)、槲皮素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(2)、槲皮素-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(...     

田基黄(口山)酮成分的研究

采用萃取,硅胶及凝胶柱色谱等方法从田基黄全草中分离得到了7个San酮类化合物,利用UV、IR、^1H NMR、^13C NMR、MS等波谱技术将他们的结构分别鉴定为6-脱氧异巴西红厚壳素(1)、异巴西红厚壳素(2)、1,3,5,6-四羟基San酮(3)、1,3,6,7-四羟基San酮(4),1,3,5,6-四羟基-4-异戊烯San酮(5)、1,3,5-三羟基San酮(6)和bijaponicaxanthone(7),其中化合物3、4和6为首次从该植物中分得的San酮类化合物。