河水漫溢对塔里木河下游荒漠河岸林地表植被与土壤种子库的影响

采用种子萌发法,研究了河水漫溢对塔里木河下游荒漠河岸林地表植被与土壤种子库的影响.结果表明：塔里木河下游漫溢区地表植被分属8科13属14种,非漫溢区为10科21属26种植物;与非漫溢区相比,漫溢区地表植被中出现了一些浅根系和喜湿的草本植物;漫溢区单位面积物种数、植被盖度、植株密度、物种多样性指数和丰富度指数均比非漫溢区有明显增加.漫溢区土壤种子库中有物种19种,比非漫溢区增加了5种;漫溢区土壤种子库总密度比非漫溢区增加了3.94倍;与非漫溢区相比,漫溢区1年生草本植物种子的比例增加了23.07%,而灌木植物种子比例减少了20.99%;多年生草本的变化则不明显;河水漫溢提高了土壤种子库的生物多样性.漫溢区和非漫溢区土壤种子库与地表植被的共有物种分别为18和9种,土壤种子库与地表植被的相似性系数分别为0.842和 0.667.     

漫溢干扰过程中微地形对幼苗定居的影响

通过对比漫溢干扰后边坡、坡中和坡底幼苗的物种组成、密度、幼苗周边的环境条件及土壤种子库的差异来分析漫溢干扰过程中,微地形对幼苗定居的影响.结果表明:(1)微地形对幼苗物种组成和生物多样性指数的影响很大.漫溢干扰后,位于边坡、坡中和坡底幼苗的Simpson多样性指数和Mcintosh均匀度指数在0.01的水平上差异极显著,Margalef丰富度指数在0.05的水平上差异显著.(2)微地形对土壤盐分含量影响很大.方差分析的结果表明,除HCO3-和K+外,边坡、坡中和坡底的pH值、C023-、SO24-、Ca2+和Mg2+各指标在0.01的水平上差异极显著;全盐、总盐、Cl-和Na+各指标均在0.05的水平上差异显著.(3)微地形通过改变幼苗定居的环境条件,进而影响幼苗库的物种组成、密度和生物多样性指数.微地形中,幼苗库的各种生态指标均小于对应的土壤种子库的生态指标,从坡底到坡中到边坡,除单位面积上的植被密度外,土壤种子库和幼苗库的各项生态指标的变化趋势均不同.     

岷江干旱河谷灌丛土壤种子库及其自然更新潜力评估

为了解岷江干旱河谷区灌丛植被土壤种子库的特征及预测灌丛植被自然更新的潜力,利用土壤种子库"萌发法"(每个地段15个2m×2m样方内分土表层、0-5cm土层和5-10cm土层采集土样)及野外植被调查方法(每个地段15个1m×1m的调查样方),研究了岷江干旱河谷3个地段(河谷下游边缘汶川地段、核心茂县地段以及上游边缘松潘地段)阳坡灌丛植被土壤种子库及其与地上植物群落的关系。发现:土壤种子库发芽试验共观察到4274株幼苗,分属于113个物种。土壤种子库密度在102—103ind./m2,物种数在12—23种/0.06m2,边缘地段的土壤种子库平均种子密度(ind./m2)和平均物种数(种/0.06m2)均比中心地段(茂县)高。3个地段土壤种子库和地上植被的组成物种均多为多年生植物,地上灌丛与其土壤种子库的密度及物种数均呈不显著相关性;物种组成的Sorensen相似性指数较低,不足30%,但土壤种子库均比地上植被具有更高的物种丰富度。综合分析表明,岷江干旱河谷灌丛具有依靠土壤种子库实现自然更新的潜力,但由于物种组成相似性较低,现存灌丛植被一旦遭到破坏后,单依靠土壤种子库自然恢复到现存植被是困难的,需要在自然恢复潜力评估基础上积极充分采取人工促进自然恢复的策略,同时也应充分考虑干旱河谷植被及其自然更新潜力的空间异质性。探明岷江干旱河谷区灌丛植被的土壤种子库特征,是认识灌丛植被自然更新潜力的基础,是合理制订该区植被恢复与管理措施的重要依据。     

围封沙质草甸土壤种子库与幼苗库的特征

采用野外定点取样和萌发实验相结合的方法,研究了科尔沁沙地围封沙质草甸土壤种子库和幼苗库的特征.结果表明:土壤种子库总密度为13854±1651有效种子数/m2,而幼苗库的总密度为808±164株/m2,仅为土壤种子库总密度的6%,土壤种子库与幼苗库总密度之间存在显著的差异 F=36.0,n=219,P<0.001 .土壤种子库与幼苗库的植物种数分别为37和44,其中一、二年生草本植物分别占种子库与幼苗库植物种数的62%和50%,而多年生草本植物所占的比例分别为24%和41%,灌木所占的比例很小,分别为14%和9%.土壤种子库与幼苗库种类组成上的相似性系数为0.667,表现出较小的异质性.土壤种子库密度与幼苗库密度之间存在显著的相关性,其间关系可用三次曲线来描述.     

岷江干旱河谷黄蔷薇和川滇蔷薇更新能力及其限制因素

植物种子、种子库和幼苗库的研究是种群更新和植被恢复的重要内容.研究了岷江干旱河谷两种乡土灌木(黄蔷薇和川滇蔷薇)的种子、种子库和幼苗库特征.黄蔷薇和川滇蔷薇种子产量较高, 分别为(627±216)和(7832±4347)果/丛,但种子质量较差,饱满率分别为(49.62±1.03)%和(73.83±3.42)%,活力为(32.25±0.67)%和(55.38±2.5)%.黄蔷薇种子产量和活力低于川滇蔷薇,但其种子重量和休眠程度却远高于川滇蔷薇.两种蔷薇土壤种子库的水平和垂直分布格局相似:在水平分布上,离植株基部越近,种子密度越高;在垂直分布上,种子主要分布在地表层.黄蔷薇和川滇蔷薇种子库密度均较高,分别为(560±90)粒m2和(1955±235)粒/m2,但活力种子数量较少,分别为(26±4)粒/m2和(152±18)粒/m2, 处于休眠状态的种子,黄蔷薇(60.6%)较川滇蔷薇(18.4%)高,可萌发的种子,两者分别为(10±1)粒/m2和(124±14)粒/m2.黄蔷薇(65.3%)的种子库中被啮齿动物取食的比例较川滇蔷薇(0.5%)高.两种蔷薇的幼苗密度差异不大,黄薇幼苗密度((4.28±0.49)株/m2)略小于川滇蔷薇((5.24±1.28)株/m2).幼苗组成的总体趋势是高度级低的幼苗所占的比例相对较高,且Ⅰ级幼苗数显著高于较其他级幼苗数.研究表明,两种蔷薇种子存在休眠,能形成持久种子库,种子特征对种子库和幼苗库具有深刻影响.两种蔷薇更新状况不佳,比较而言,黄蔷薇更新较川滇蔷薇好.黄蔷薇更新的主要限制因素是动物对种子的破坏,而川滇蔷薇更新的主要限制因素是幼苗存活定居.     

蔡家河湿地土壤种子库特征及其与地上植被和土壤因子的关系

为明确蔡家河湿地土壤种子库特征及其与地上植被和土壤因子的关系, 采用野外调查取样和室内萌发实验相结合的方法, 对芦苇群落, 野艾蒿群落和林下杂草群落3种不同植被类型的土壤种子库密度, 物种组成, 地上植被以及土壤理化性质进行了调查研究。结果表明: 蔡家河湿地3种植被类型的土壤种子库密度分别为(7725±1286) 粒•m-2, (2535±556) 粒•m-2和(5085±984) 粒•m-2; 物种数量分别为36种, 28种和39种。3种植被类型土壤种子库的物种丰富度以及多样性均高于地上植被, 并且3种植被类型间土壤种子库物种组成的相似性高于地上植被, 说明土壤种子库比地上植被具有更高的稳定性。芦苇群落的种子库密度, 物种多样性指数以及土壤种子库和地上植被物种组成的相似性均高于野艾蒿群落和林下杂草群落。土壤含水量与土壤有机质是影响土壤种子库物种组成的主要土壤因子, 在土壤水分以及有机质含量高的芦苇群落中含有大量湿生植物种子, 但在水分和有机质含量低的野艾蒿和林下杂草群落未发现柳叶菜(Epilobium hirsutum)、马先蒿(Pedicularis resupinata)、问荆(Equisetum arvense)等湿生植物的种子。因此, 蔡家河湿地土壤种子库已出现一定程度的退化, 芦苇群落土壤种子库可用作退化湿地植被恢复的种源, 在植被恢复时要满足种子萌发对土壤水分和有机质的需求。     

近丘间低地沙障促进沙丘植被恢复的效应

流动沙丘区的丘间低地的土壤种子库大,种类丰富,但其对流动沙丘植被恢复的作用尚不清楚.以科尔沁沙地为研究对象,在靠近丘间低地的下风向裸沙段设置沙障,研究了其对土壤种子库、幼苗出土与植物定居的效应.结果表明:沙障处土壤种子库物种数和密度都显著大于对照处(P<0.05),5-10 cm深度种子密度达到土壤种子库密度的60%,而对照处低于50%;沙障内的沙生植物出土和定居幼苗密度都显著大干对照处(P<0.001),沙障处与对照处的非沙生植物出土幼苗密度低于1株·m~(-2),建植幼苗密度低至0.1株·m~(-2);对照处种子数与幼苗出土和定居的相关性相对于沙障处的更强,沙生植物种子数与幼苗出土和定居的相关性相对于非沙生植物的更强;对照处种子库与幼苗出土和定居的物种组成相似性较沙障处大,沙生植物种子库与幼苗出土和定居的相似性较非沙生植物大.可见,沙障截留来自丘间低地的种子增加了流动沙丘的土壤种子库种类和密度,改变了土壤种子库的空间格局;沙障的设立提高了沙生植物幼苗的出土和物种定居的水平,但没有显著提高非沙生植物幼苗的萌发和建植.     

腾格里沙漠东南缘苔藓结皮对荒漠土壤种子库的影响

对腾格里沙漠东南缘沙坡头人工植被区和天然植被区苔藓结皮种子库进行了研究.结果表明,土壤种子库密度随着苔藓结皮的发育呈现增加的趋势,天然植被区是24年生人工植被区的3.4倍.种子库中共发现12种植物种子,分属于6科,其中1年生草本植物占70%以上.人工植被区未发现有多年生草本的植物种子,天然植被区多年生草本占20%,半灌木植物在人工植被区和天然植被区分别占20%和10%.人工植被区土壤种子库物种丰富度指数相对较低,而天然植被区物种丰富度指数是人工植被区的2倍;人工植被区土壤种子库物种多样性指数随着结皮的发育略有下降,天然植被区的多样性指数最高,为0.693;人工植被区土壤种子库物种相似性指数为1,相对较高,而人工植物区与天然植被区的物种相似性指数为0.4.苔藓结皮的出现增加了地表粗糙度,有利于对种子的捕获,同时显著地改善了土壤环境,有利于更多植物的定居.     

丹江口水库消落带土壤种子库与地上植被和环境的关系

以丹江口水库消落带为研究区域,利用层次聚类法将海拔140～145 m区域内37个样地的土壤种子库分为6个组,比较不同组间的种子库物种组成、密度及多样性指数之间的差异;利用相似性指数分析土壤种子库与地上植被的差异;运用主成分分析和多元回归分析土壤种子库密度与地上植被、环境因素的关系.结果表明: 在丹江口水库消落带同海拔区域内,土壤种子库在物种组成上呈明显的异质性,不同组间的种子库密度、多样性指数均存在显著差异;土壤种子库与地上植被的差异较大,而且土壤种子库中的物种数明显少于地上植被中的物种数;土壤种子库密度与地上植被盖度、地上物种数和土壤质地呈显著正相关,而与田间持水量和土壤孔隙度呈显著负相关.     

三江平原沟渠土壤种子库特征及其与地上植被的关系

为了探究三江平原沟渠土壤种子库在湿地植物保护中的作用及其在湿地恢复中的潜力,该文采用幼苗萌发法与样方调查相结合的方法,对三江平原不同开挖年限沟渠的土壤种子库特征及其与地上植被的关系进行了研究。结果表明:沟渠具有较大规模的土壤种子库,边坡种子库显著大于底泥种子库,边坡种子库密度为8 973–25 000 seeds·m–2,底泥种子库密度为506–1 488 seeds·m–2。开挖10年、20年和30年的沟渠土壤种子库共有50种植物萌发,隶属于20科41属。开挖10年、20年和30年的沟渠土壤种子库萌发物种数分别为37种、34种和33种,地上植被物种数分别为25种、33种和22种。土壤种子库和相应地上植被的相似性系数分别为38.7%、35.8%和32.7%。随着植物群落演替的进行,地上植被的Simpson指数、Shannon-Wiener多样性指数和Pielou均匀度指数均逐渐增大。三江平原沟渠土壤种子库和地上植被中保存了大量湿地植物,表明沟渠具有保护植物物种多样性的作用,沟渠土壤种子库具有湿地恢复的潜力。随着沟渠开挖年限增加,沟渠植物群落呈现退化特征,建议对沟渠系统加强管理。     

科尔沁沙质草地放牧和围封条件下的土壤种子库

该文研究了科尔沁沙质草地在放牧和围封条件下土壤种子库密度、组成及其与地上植被的关系。结果表明:1)放牧草地植物种数22种,围封草地植物种数30种,围封使土壤种子库植物种数增加了36%;2)放牧草地土壤种子库密度为16 149±1 900有效种子数·m^-2, 围封草地土壤种子库密度为20 657±3 342有效种子数·m^-2,比放牧草地增加了28%。放牧和围封草地种子库组成密度均以一年生植物为主(分别占99%和98%的比例),多年生植物所占的比例很小;3)放牧草地种子库的Shannon-Wiener指数和丰富度指数分别为0.836 3和4.954 9,明显小于围封草地的0.968 2和7.226 0,表明自由放牧导致物种多样性下降;4)放牧和围封草地土壤种子库密度与地上植被密度均存在显著的相关性(p<0.001)。表明了随着土壤种子库密度的增加, 地上植被密度随之增加,放牧草地地上植被密度78%的变异可归结为土壤种子库密度的变异, 而围封草地地上植被密度58%的变异可由土壤种子库密度的变异来解释。     

洞庭湖青山垸退耕地不同水位土壤种子库特征

研究退耕地土壤种子库的组成特点和分布规律是评价受损湿地生态恢复效应的重要组成部分.本文以洞庭湖典型退田还湖区——青山垸为对象,研究了不同水位及湿地土壤(0～2、2～5和5～10 cm)种子库的大小、物种组成多样性及其与地上植被的关系.结果表明: 青山垸土壤种子库密度、丰富度指数以及地上植被与土壤种子库的相似性系数沿低-中-高水位梯度呈“V”型变化.常淹区种子库密度最高,为(36943±5207)粒·m^-2,偶淹区最低,为(18618±6977)粒·m^-2,洪淹区居中,为(30572±5329)粒·m^-2;地上植被与土壤种子库的相似性系数(Sorensen系数)为常淹区(0.76)>洪淹区(0.53)>偶淹区(0.41).种子库密度、物种多样性指数和物种丰富度指数沿土壤剖面呈递减趋势,但不同水位的递减幅度存在差异.种子库密度、物种丰富度以及地上植被与湿地种子库的相似性系数沿水位梯度呈规律性变化,与其所处的地理位置水文波动和植被的物种生活型组成等密切相关.     

Seed regeneration potential of canopy gaps at early formation stage in temperate secondary forests, Northeast China

Promoting the seed regeneration potential of secondary forests undergoing gap disturbances is an important approach for achieving forest restoration and sustainable management. Seedling recruitment from seed banks strongly determines the seed regeneration potential, but the process is poorly understood in the gaps of secondary forests. The objectives of the present study were to evaluate the effects of gap size, seed availability, and environmental conditions on the seed regeneration potential in temperate secondary forests. It was found that gap formation could favor the invasion of more varieties of species in seed banks, but it also could speed up the turnover rate of seed banks leading to lower seed densities. Seeds of the dominant species, Fraxinus rhynchophylla, were transient in soil and there was a minor and discontinuous contribution of the seed bank to its seedling emergence. For Quercus mongolica, emerging seedling number was positively correlated with seed density in gaps (R?=?0.32, P<0.01), especially in medium and small gaps (<500 m(2)). Furthermore, under canopies, there was a positive correlation between seedling number and seed density of Acer mono (R?=?0.43, P<0.01). Gap formation could promote seedling emergence of two gap-dependent species (i.e., Q. mongolica and A. mono), but the contribution of seed banks to seedlings was below 10% after gap creation. Soil moisture and temperature were the restrictive factors controlling the seedling emergence from seeds in gaps and under canopies, respectively. Thus, the regeneration potential from seed banks is limited after gap formation.     

铜尾矿废弃地与相邻生境土壤种子库特征的比较

土壤种子库是植被群落的重要组成部分,其特征决定了群落的演替方向。对铜陵杨山冲尾矿库6个植被群落及相邻两处生境的土壤种子库进行了研究。结果表明,尾矿内各植被群落种子库的种子密度间存在较大差异,变化范围为57—593粒/m2,平均种子密度为370粒/m2,尾矿坝体和周围山体种子库种子密度分别为999和121粒/m2,各样地土壤中种子均主要集中在0—5 cm范围内。尾矿种子库与坝体种子库间的相似性指数大于其与周围山体种子库的相似性指数,但尾矿内各植被群落种子库间的相似性较差,相似性指数的变化范围为0.308—0.636。可见,群落微生境对土壤种子库的种子密度和物种组成产生了较大的影响。尾矿种子库种类与地上植被的平均相似指数为0.355,低于坝体种子库种类与地上植被相似性系数。3处样地土壤种子库的物种多样性、丰富度和均匀度指数均表现为坝体>尾矿>山体。尾矿种子库在农田土壤中萌发并正常生长的幼苗为16科44属53种,而在尾矿基质中仅为9科36属45种,均以禾本科、菊科和豆科植物萌发和生长状况较好,这3科构成了尾矿地上植被的主要类型。尾矿种子库在尾矿基质中萌发成活率为62.2%—91.2%,约为坝体和山体土壤种子库在尾矿基质中萌发成活率的2倍。说明,组成尾矿种子库的种子大部分已经适应了尾矿的极端恶劣环境或者其本身就是耐性极强的植物类型。     

The Role of Soil Seed Banks in the Rehabilitation of Degraded Hillslopes in Southern Wello,Ethiopia1

The species composition in the soil seed bank of degraded hillslopes in southern Wello, Ethiopia, was assessed using the seedling emergence method and compared with that of the standing vegetation. Surface soils were sampled at 0‐to 5‐cm depth from 49 plots of four physiognomic vegetation classes (hereafter vegetation classes): forests, shrublands, grasslands, and degraded sites. Soils were spread on sterile sand in a glasshouse and watered. Emerging seedlings were recorded for five months until no new seedlings emerged. A total of 3969 seedlings belonging to 71 species and 30 families germinated. The species composition of the seed bank was dominated by 53 herb species (75%) compared to 2 tree species which accounted for only 3 percent of the total number of species. Seedling density differed significantly among vegetation classes and ranged from 391 to 7807 seeds/m². Mean species richness also differed significantly among the vegetation classes. Forty‐two species were found to be common to the seed banks and the standing vegetation; however, correspondence between species numbers and composition of the seed banks and the standing vegetation was poor. Although most of the species that germinated in the seed banks were herbs and grasses, they can develop a vegetative cover and contribute to reduction of soil erosion. Regeneration of the tree species (some of which have seed viability up to four years) however, requires both time and the presence of mature individuals. Together with hillside closure and soil conservation measures (e.g., terracing), planting of native woody seedlings might help to expedite rehabilitation of degraded hillslopes devoid of trees and shrubs.     

The potential of soil seed banks of a eucalypt wetland forest to aid restoration

Soil seed banks can play an important role in the regeneration of wetland vegetation. However, their potential role in the restoration of degraded wetland forests is less certain. I surveyed the soil seed bank and extant floras of four sites across a eucalypt wetland forest of variable vegetation condition. At each site, the extant vegetation was surveyed within two 5 × 5 m² quadrats, each from which five composite soil seed bank samples were collected. Across the four sites, 57 (including 18 exotic) species were identified in the extant vegetation, while from the seed bank samples 6379 seedlings emerged from 80 taxa, 33 of which were exotic species. The soil seed bank was dominated by native and exotic monocots, and contained very few seeds of wetland tree or shrub species. Overall, the similarity between the extant and seed bank floras was very low (~24 %). Soil seed banks are likely to be of limited use in the restoration of degraded wetland forests, because the dominant species in such systems—woody and clonal plants—are typically absent from the soil seed bank. Wetland soil seed banks may contribute to the maintenance and diversity of understorey vegetation, however, they may also act as a source of exotic plant invasions, particularly when a wetland is degraded.     

滇东南岩溶山地退化植被土壤种子库的储量与组成

 在云南省东南部3个典型岩溶地点的土壤种子库储量与组成的研究表明,不同地点代表不同退化与恢复阶段的次生林、灌丛与退化草地的土壤内均储藏有丰富的植物种子,其密度值变动于4 090～14 930粒·m－2之间;物种数23～45种,其中草本物种及其种子储量最丰, 灌木次之,乔木和藤本及其种子稀少。在0～10 cm土层内,随着深度的加深,种子密度由0～2 cm,2～5 cm,5～10 cm逐渐减少,次生林的降低幅度相对较小。相对而言,种子密度值、物种数都以次生林为高,灌丛与退化草地之间的差异较小。同时次生林种子库中的乔、灌木的种子数量相对较多,而草本相对较少。从物种组成来看,少数物种的种子在库中的储量十分丰富,且各种子库间在物种组成上有很大的相似性,同一地点的3种植被类型间的两两相似性系数在0.6～0.7之间,不同地点的任一两类型间的相似性系数在0.4～0.6之间。9.3%的物种在所有样地内都出现。每一种子库中储量最丰的前3位都来自菊科的胜红蓟（Ageratum conyzoides）、劲直白酒草(Conyza stricta)、紫茎泽兰(Eupatorium adenophorum)、一点红（Emilia sonchifolia）,唇形科的鸡骨柴（Elsholtzia fruticosa）,蔷薇科的长毛绣线菊(Spiraea martinii var. pubescens)。     

Soil seed bank characteristics in Cameroonian rainforests and implications for post-logging forest recovery

The soil seed bank is considered as an important component for resilience of climacic vegetation. Whereas several related studies have been conducted in Asian, American and some African tropical forests, no investigation has ever been conducted in Central African rainforests, especially in logged forests where the soil seed bank could contribute to regeneration of timber of trees species. We studied the soil seed bank characteristics in relation to the standing vegetation in three Cameroonian forest zones with different disturbance regimes. There was no significant difference between sites in terms of density of the seed bank; the average mean density was 87.6 seeds m⁻². But dissimilarities of the floristic compositions between sites were quite high. Overall, seeds came from 43 species including three commercial tree species. Whereas the seedlings emerging from soil samples mostly came from weedy and short-lived pioneer species, climax species predominated in the extant vegetation, leading to a very weak similarity between soil seed flora and the surrounding vegetation: Sorensen's index ranged from 3.5 to 7.6%. Canopy openness could significantly affect the species richness of soil seed stocks but not the seed density. These results show that the soil seed bank contribution to the resilience of mature tropical forests is low. In particular, very few timber tree species could benefit from soil seed stocks for their regeneration. Therefore, the development of enrichment techniques including use of the soil seed bank as a source of tree regeneration in such a context would be irrelevant.     

The role of the soil seed bank in vegetation recovery on an oceanic island severely damaged by introduced goats

Question: Are the seed banks of an isolated subtropical oceanic island capable of naturally regenerating vegetation either with species of the historical forest community or with the existing grassland community after severe damage to the vegetation by goats? Location: Nakoudojima Island, Bonin Archipelago (Ogasawara Shoto), Japan. Methods: Soil samples were collected at 0–5 cm and 5–10 cm depths from seven plots in forests, grasslands, artificially matted areas and bare land. Soil seed banks were assessed using the seedling emergence method followed by the hand‐sorting of ungerminated seeds. We determined the size and composition of the seed banks in upper soil layers of plots and compared the seed banks to the standing vegetation. Results: A total of 12 220 seedlings belonging to 42 species from 20 families germinated. Total mean seed density (0–5 cm depth) was low in all plots within forest, grassland, and heavily degraded vegetation types (34.7 ± 8.6 to 693.5 ± 123.6, 58.6 ± 7.8 to 107.1 ± 10.0, and 1.1 ± 0.5 to 7.2 ± 2.3 seeds/m², respectively). Forbs and graminoids dominated the seed banks of grassland and forest plots including Cyperus brevifolius, Gnaphalium pensylvanicum, Oxalis corniculata and Solanum nigrum, and these alien species comprised 90% of the density of the seed bank. There was little correlation between seed banks and standing vegetation of the island (Sørensen similarity coefficient values 0.26 to 0.45). Conclusions: If natural regeneration occurs from the seed bank of the island, future vegetation will not move toward the original forest community, because the seed bank is dominated by non‐native herbaceous grassland species. Though isolated, a few forest remnants with low species richness could be an important source for the natural re‐establishment of forest on the island; however, seed availability may be limited by either poor dispersal or pollination so that woody species will probably recover very slowly on this goat‐impacted island.     

洪湖湿地退耕初期种子库的季节动态

 为了研究水田退耕初期种子库的特征,在两个不同水位条件下通过幼苗萌发法对洪湖的濒湖退耕田种子库的结构和季节动态进行了研究。结果表明,种子库季节变化明显,种子库的密度于12月达到最大值2.61×105 ind.·m-2,6月时最小,为2.90×104ind.·m-2。而萌发的物种数则相反,6月时最大,12月时最小。Simpson 和Shannon-Wiener多样性指数及Shannon均匀度指数表现出较为一致的季节变化规律,在6月最高,12月和3月最低。该种子库类型属于持续性种子库。种子库与地表植被群落种相似性系数变化较大。0～5 cm和 5～10 cm土层中的种子库萌发的物种数差异不显著,但在数量上有明显分层现象,上层种子库占总数的78%。One-way ANOVA分析表明,萌发时的水位条件可显著影响种子库萌发的种类和数量。结合种子库研究的结果,讨论了种子库在退田还湖后湿地植被恢复过程中的重要性。