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《生物化学与生物物理进展》2005,32(6):528-528
蛋白质芯片(影印版)Protein M icroarraysMark Schena7-03-014321-3/Q.14762005.565元生物芯片技术是一种高通量检测技术,它包括基因芯片、蛋白芯片及芯片实验室三大领域.蛋白质芯片以蛋白质代替DNA作为检测目的物,比基因芯片更接近生命活动的物质层面,能直接测定蛋白质的相对水平及与其他分子的交互作用情况,以定量化的方式反映基因的活动情况,因而蛋白质芯片有着比基因芯片更加直接的应用前景.本书对蛋白质芯片技术进行了全面细致的阐述,包括技术原理、生产方法、表面化学、检测策略,以及抗原、抗体数据分析,同时全书图文并茂,提供了… 相似文献
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蛋白质是细胞各类代谢和调控等生命功能的执行者,也是致病因子、药物等对机体作用的重要靶分子.研究蛋白质表达是理解生命现象、疾病进程和药物作用的基础.临床上常规检测方法需要大型仪器支持,但随着医学事业的发展,即时检测(POCT,也称现场检测、床旁检测)成为重要的发展趋势.POCT可以改善患者和医生之间的互动方式,建立一种积... 相似文献
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蛋白质相互作用参与细胞的多项生理活动,是生命科学研究的一个重要领域。化学发光,特别是基于生物酶的化学发光即生物发光,提供了极灵敏的检测信号,因而在实际应用中具有诸多优势。荧光素酶如萤火虫荧光素酶、细菌荧光素酶、海肾荧光素酶,以及近年来出现的几种低分子量荧光素酶,具有不同的酶催化特性及理化特征。它们应用于蛋白质片段互补与共振能量转移技术等各种生化检测方法,为观察蛋白质相互作用提供了更安全便捷的手段,拓宽了蛋白质相互作用检测技术的适用范围。本文综述了常用荧光素酶的特征和它们在各种蛋白质相互作用检测方法中使用的原理、策略及其适用性。 相似文献
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《生命的化学》2005,(3)
科学出版社生命科学编辑部新书推介“反爆炸、生物、化学、核与辐射恐怖活动的科学技术问题和对策研究”丛书蛋白质芯片(影印版)Protein M icroarraysM ark Schena7-03-014321-3/Q.14762005.565元生物芯片技术是一种高通量检测技术,它包括基因芯片、蛋白芯片及芯片实验室三大领域。蛋白质芯片以蛋白质代替DNA作为检测目的物,比基因芯片更接近生命活动的物质层面,能直接测定蛋白质的相对水平及与其他分子的交互作用情况,以定量化的方式反映基因的活动情况,因而蛋白质芯片有着比基因芯片更加直接的应用前景。本书对蛋白质芯片技术进行了全… 相似文献
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蛋白质的错误折叠与疾病 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
周筠梅 《生物化学与生物物理进展》2000,27(6):579-584
蛋白质是生物体内一切功能的执行者.人体内的任何功能,从催化化学反应到抵御外来侵略都是蛋白质作用的结果.蛋白质折叠是生命活动的最基本过程,近年发现蛋白质的错误折叠可以导致一些疾病.蛋白质的错误折叠与疾病的关系已成为分子生物学新的研究前沿.介绍了细胞内保证蛋白质正常功能的“质量控制”系统,重点讨论了翻译后的质量控制、与蛋白质错误折叠有关的一些疾病和治疗这一类疾病的原则方法. 相似文献
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蛋白质组学以细胞、组织或器官表达的所有蛋白质为研究对象,通过双向凝胶电泳、生物质谱技术及生物信息学等方法,达到分离、鉴定、分析蛋白质的目的.肝癌发病过程涉及多基因的改变,必然伴随蛋白质表达的改变.以蛋白质组学的方法,通过比较正常肝组织与肝癌组织表达的蛋白质,寻找与肝癌发生、发展、转移及检测、治疗有关的生物分子. 相似文献
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Fukami-Kobayashi K Minezaki Y Tateno Y Nishikawa K 《Molecular biology and evolution》2007,24(5):1181-1189
It is desirable to estimate a tree of life, a species tree including all available species in the 3 superkingdoms, Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukaryota, using not a limited number of genes but full-scale genome information. Here, we report a new method for constructing a tree of life based on protein domain organizations, that is, sequential order of domains in a protein, of all proteins detected in a genome of an organism. The new method is free from the identification of orthologous gene sets and therefore does not require the burdensome and error-prone computation. By pairwise comparisons of the repertoires of protein domain organizations of 17 archaeal, 136 bacterial, and 14 eukaryotic organisms, we computed evolutionary distances among them and constructed a tree of life. Our tree shows monophyly in Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukaryota and then monophyly in each of eukaryotic kingdoms and in most bacterial phyla. In addition, the branching pattern of the bacterial phyla in our tree is consistent with the widely accepted bacterial taxonomy and is very close to other genome-based trees. A couple of inconsistent aspects between the traditional trees and the genome-based trees including ours, however, would perhaps urge to revise the conventional view, particularly on the phylogenetic positions of hyperthermophiles. 相似文献
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The life cycle of Podocoryne carnea (Coelenterata, Anthomedusae) shows several distinct stages which differ considerably in terms of their ecology, morphology, cellular composition, and ultrastructure. Previously these stages had even been described as separate species. Using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and a new method of double-label autoradiography, we show here for the first time for metagenic hydrozoans that only minor differences in gene expression exist between the various life cycle stages. Our results demonstrate the high resolution power of these techniques and show that the different life stages of P. carnea remain rather similar on the protein level. Most of the prominent spots of the two-dimensional gel protein patterns are common to all stages studied. These data show that the hydrozoan life cycle and development are regulated by only minor distinctions in gene expression which possibly explains the great morphogenetic repertoire of these animals described in many studies. 相似文献
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蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用(Protein-protein interaction,PPI)是生命体结构和生命活动的基础和特征,控制着生命活动的各个过程.PPI网络是研究蛋白质相互作用的有效手段.随着高通量实验技术的发展,越来越多的PPI数据得以使用,收录蛋白质相互作用的数据库数据每年都有变化.本文对DIP数据库从2003年到2008年的PPI网络数据分别计算度分布.为提高可信度,对注释蛋白质数据库交集进行抽样,分别探讨对不同年份的数据和注释数据库抽样对PPI网络度分布的影响.结果表明,从2003年到2008年的数据增长对PPI网络度分布没有明显影响,而且拟合度分布最优的函数并不是以往所认为的幂率分布(power-law),而是广延指数(stretched exponential)函数,数据库交集抽样同样得到广延指数(stretched exponential)函数分布最优且可信度的高低并不影响PPI网络的度分布. 相似文献
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蛋白质折叠规律研究是生命科学重大前沿课题,折叠类型分类是蛋白质折叠研究的基础。构建BRD-like折叠类型模板数据库,建立了基于多模板的综合分类方法,并用于该折叠类型的分类。对实验集的12 117个样本进行检验,结果的敏感性、特异性分别为0.923和0.997,MCC值为0.72;对独立检验集2 260个样本的检验,结果发现:敏感性、特异性分别为0.941和0.998,MCC值为0.86.结果表明:基于多模板的综合分类方法可用于蛋白质折叠类型分类。 相似文献
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Aims: The aim of this investigation was to determine a better leavening ability and shelf life for the same biomass yield of final product.
Methods and Results: A commercial fed-batch bioreactor equipped with circulation loop was used to study the effect of carbon source, molasses, profile on dough-leavening ability, shelf life and biomass yield of Baker's yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae . A set of 32 commercial batches were performed to investigate the effect of sugar concentration and compare with 32 control experiments.
Conclusions: Higher local sugar concentration in circulation loop resulted in a better leavening ability and shelf life for the same biomass yield of the final product. In addition, this method improved nitrogen assimilation which resulted in higher protein content. Increase in leavening ability and protein content could be a result of the higher levels of glycolytic enzymes.
Significance and Impact of the Study: It was observed that this change resulted in considerable improvement in leavening ability and shelf life at a commercial scale. It must be emphasized that to improve product quality, it is not necessary to pursue classical mutagenesis and selection strategies. A high-quality product can be achieved only by optimizing the feeding profile and strategy. 相似文献
Methods and Results: A commercial fed-batch bioreactor equipped with circulation loop was used to study the effect of carbon source, molasses, profile on dough-leavening ability, shelf life and biomass yield of Baker's yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae . A set of 32 commercial batches were performed to investigate the effect of sugar concentration and compare with 32 control experiments.
Conclusions: Higher local sugar concentration in circulation loop resulted in a better leavening ability and shelf life for the same biomass yield of the final product. In addition, this method improved nitrogen assimilation which resulted in higher protein content. Increase in leavening ability and protein content could be a result of the higher levels of glycolytic enzymes.
Significance and Impact of the Study: It was observed that this change resulted in considerable improvement in leavening ability and shelf life at a commercial scale. It must be emphasized that to improve product quality, it is not necessary to pursue classical mutagenesis and selection strategies. A high-quality product can be achieved only by optimizing the feeding profile and strategy. 相似文献
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Matthiesen CF Blache D Thomsen PD Tauson AH 《Animal : an international journal of animal bioscience》2012,6(1):50-60
Foetal life malnutrition has been studied intensively in a number of animal models. Results show that especially foetal life protein malnutrition can lead to metabolic changes later in life. This might be of particular importance for strict carnivores, for example, cat and mink (Neovison vison) because of their higher protein requirement than in other domestic mammals. This study aimed to investigate the effects of low protein provision during foetal life to male mink kits on their protein metabolism during the early post-weaning period of rapid growth and to investigate whether foetal life protein deficiency affects the response to adequate or deficient protein provision post weaning. Further, we intended to study whether the changes in the gene expression of key enzymes in foetal hepatic tissue caused by maternal protein deficiency were manifested post-weaning. A total of 32 male mink kits born to mothers fed either a low-protein diet (LP), that is, 14% of metabolizable energy (ME) from protein (foetal low - FL), n = 16, or an adequate-protein (AP) diet, that is, 29% of ME from protein (foetal adequate - FA), n = 16) in the last 16.3 ± 1.8 days of pregnancy were used. The FL offspring had lower birth weight and lower relative abundance of fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase (Fru-1,6-P2ase) and pyruvate kinase mRNA in foetal hepatic tissue than FA kits. The mothers were fed a diet containing adequate protein until weaning. At weaning (7 weeks of age), half of the kits from each foetal treatment group were fed an AP diet (32% of ME from protein; n = 8 FA and 8 FL) and the other half were fed a LP diet (18% of ME from protein; n = 8 FA and 8 FL) until 9.5 weeks of age, yielding four treatment groups (i.e. FA-AP, FA-LP, FL-AP and FL-LP). Low protein provision in foetal life lowered the protein oxidation post-weaning compared with the controls (P = 0.006), indicating metabolic flexibility and a better ability to conserve protein. This could not, however, be supported by changes in liver mass because of foetal life experience. A lower relative abundance of Fru-1,6-P2ase mRNA was observed (P < 0.05), being lower in 9.5-week-old FL than in FA kits. It can be concluded that foetal life protein restriction leads to changes in post-weaning protein metabolism through lower protein oxidation of male mink kits. 相似文献
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Accurate measurement of activity of wild-type K-ras protein is important due to its tumor suppressor action in tissues such as lung. A published method by Taylor and co-workers uses plasmid-containing Escherichia coli cells to produce a glutathione-S-transferase/raf-1 ras binding domain (GST-RBD) fusion protein attached to glutathione beads to isolate activated ras protein. We systematically optimized the method before use on lung tissues. Changing the GST-RBD protein induction temperature from the original 37 to 30 degrees C produced a consistently greater yield of fusion protein. To improve stability of the GST-RBD beads so as to perform large-scale experiments, 0.1% NaN(3) was added. NaN(3)-treated beads retained full affinity for at least 24 days. Sensitivity was improved by using a polyvinylidene difluoride membrane rather than nitrocellulose for immunoblotting. We also compared our GST-RBD beads with two commercial assay kits and found that our beads had both superior sensitivity and reduced variability. In summary, our modification of the GST-RBD affinity method to recover activated K-ras greatly increased the yield of fusion protein, prolonged the useful life of GST-RBD beads to at least 24 days, and enhanced detection sensitivity. 相似文献