高致病性猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病RT-PCR快速鉴别诊断方法的建立与临床应用

根据高致病性猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(PRRSV)Nsp2基因的缺失信息,设计了3条特异性引物,以含高致病性PRRSV Nsp2基因的质粒pMDNSP2及普通PRRSV VR2332株RNA为模板,建立了快速诊断高致病性PRRSV RT-PCR方法.通过对临床组织病料的总RNA进行不同稀释倍数检测,结果表明该方法能从0.265 pg的总RNA中检测到PRRSV的基因,说明敏感性高.用该方法对猪瘟病毒(CSFV)、Ⅱ型圆环病毒(PCV-2)、伪狂犬病病毒(PRV),链球菌(Streptococcus)、副猪嗜血杆菌(Haemophilus parasuis)和大肠杆菌(Escherichia coli)同条件检测,结果都为阴性.进一步对36份疑似高致病性PRRSV临床组织病料细胞培养物、2株PRRSV商品活疫苗以及52个猪场所送检的184份临床样品进行了检测应用,结果36份疑似高致病性PRRSV临床组织病料的细胞培养物有5份样品为阳性且都为高致病性PRRSV,2株PRRSV商品活疫苗为普通PRRSV,52个猪场中有42个猪场(123份样品)呈阳性,其中只有1份为普通PRRSV.实验表明该方法能够准确地鉴别诊断高致病性PRRSV和普通PRRSV,且具有快速,敏感和特异的特点,具有临床实用性.     

Detection of porcine parvovirus using a taqman-based real-time pcr with primers and probe designed for the NS1 gene

A TaqMan-based real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay was devised for the detection of porcine parvovirus (PPV). Two primers and a TaqMan probe for the non-structural protein NS1 gene were designed. The detection limit was 1 x 102 DNA copies/μL, and the assay was linear in the range of 1 x 102 to 1 x 10? copies/μL. There was no cross-reaction with porcine circovirus 2 (PCV2), porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), pseudorabies virus (PRV), classical swine fever virus (CSFV), or Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV). The assay was specific and reproducible. In 41 clinical samples, PPV was detected in 32 samples with the real-time PCR assay and in only 11 samples with a conventional PCR assay. The real-time assay using the TaqMan-system can therefore be practically used for studying the epidemiology and management of PPV.     

Semen changes in boars after experimental infection with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) virus

Eleven boars seronegative to porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) were trained for semen collection: five boars were inoculated intranasally with 6 x 10(6)TCID(50)/ml of PRRSV (Group A); four boars were inoculated intranasally with 6 x 10(4)TCID(50)/ml (Group B); and two boars were used as uninfected control (Group C). Semen samples were collected at 7-d intervals from 49 d prior to experimental inoculation with PRRSV to 70 d after inoculation, and were examined for sperm volume, sperm concentration, sperm morphology, sperm motility and for the presence of PRRSV. The infection in boars was demonstrated by the reisolation of PRRSV from the serum of all inoculated boars. Rectal temperatures and general health of the boars were clinically normal throughout the trial. Differences were observed in the quality of semen collected from boars after experimental infection with PRRSV. This infection induced a significant decrease in sperm motility and in spermatozoa with normal acrosomes. Of the semen samples tested for virus isolation in swine alveolar macrophages PRRSV was only isolated in 1 boar from Group B. The virus was detected in an additional semen sample in Group A by the production of an antibody titer in a biological assay. All attempts to detect PRRSV by RT-PCR in semen samples were unsuccessful. Nevertheless, from our study it is possible to suggest that the PRRSV can occasionally be transmitted in the semen during the initial phase of the disease.     

猪源胰酶中特异病毒和非特异病毒安全检测简

目的：对猪源胰酶样品进行病毒检测,以评价其病毒安全性。方法：非特异性病毒检测采用致细胞病变、血凝吸附试验和形态学检测方法;特异性病毒检测包括猪繁殖与呼吸障碍综合征病毒（PRRSV）、猪瘟病毒（CSFV）、猪圆环病毒（PCV）、猪细小病毒（PPV）、猪口蹄疫病毒（FMDV）和猪伪狂犬病病毒（PRV）特异性核酸检测,以及CSFV、PPV、PRV特定性抗原蛋白直接免疫荧光检测。结果：受检样品非特异性病毒检测中,未见可观察到的细胞病变产生和病毒粒子,对豚鼠、鸡和人的0型红细胞无凝集现象。特异性病毒检测中,PRRSV、CSFV、PCV、PPV、FMDV和PRV核酸检测均为阴性,CSFV、PPV、PRV免疫荧光检测均为阴性。结论：猪源胰酶样品经非特异性病毒检测和特异性病毒检测均无可检出的病毒存在。     

猪细小病毒LDR-PCR检测方法的建立和应用

为准确特异灵敏地检测猪细小病毒(PPV),建立一种新的LDR-PCR方法。首先在病毒的保守区内设计一对LDR探针,LDR探针两端各连有一段引物对应序列,以连接产物为模板进行PCR,琼脂糖凝胶电泳检测结果。以标准质粒为模板,通过对LDR反应的退火温度、连接酶浓度及探针浓度等反应条件进行优化,确定了LDR最佳的反应体系,并建立了LDR-PCR方法。结果表明,可以特异地检测PPV,与猪繁殖与呼吸障碍综合征病毒(PRRSV)、猪瘟病毒(CSFV)、伪狂犬病毒(PRV)、猪圆环病毒(PCV)、猪传染性胃肠炎病毒(TGEV)、猪流行性腹泻病毒(PEDV)无交叉反应;最低检测限为102个拷贝。利用建立的方法对41例临床样本进行检测,14份样品PPV阳性,与普通PCR检测结果符合率为97.6%。     

三带喙库蚊体内猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒的分离与鉴定

【目的】调查猪场蚊虫是否能携带猪繁殖与呼吸综合征(PRRS)病毒。【方法】采集发生PRRS疫情的3个养猪场蚊虫样本,采用RT-PCR方法检测PRRS病毒核酸,取阳性蚊虫样本接种Marc-145细胞进行病毒的分离培养,以间接免疫荧光抗体技术和分子克隆技术进行病毒的鉴定。【结果】 养猪场内的蚊虫主要有三带喙库蚊Culex tritaeniorhychus、凶小库蚊Culex modestus、中华按蚊Anopheles sinensis和骚扰阿蚊Armigeres obturbans,其中三带喙库蚊占86.76%;以PRRS病毒N基因引物进行扩增,三带喙库蚊样本呈现阳性反应,而其他蚊种均为阴性。在蚊虫接种的Marc-145细胞中可见细胞融合和空泡形成等细胞病变效应;用抗PRRS病毒N蛋白抗体和羊抗猪IgG(H+L)-FITC进行间接免疫荧光染色,感染细胞呈现黄绿色荧光;以NSP2基因引物进行RT-PCR扩增、克隆与测序,发现库蚊源病毒与相应猪场猪源病毒中相应基因的序列具有较高同源性。【结论】 三带喙库蚊为猪舍优势蚊种,并能携带猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒。