STAT3,β-catenin在原发性肝细胞癌组织中的表达及其与临床病理参数的关系

目的:探讨信号转导子和转录激活子3(STAT3)及β-连环素蛋白(β-catenin)在原发性肝细胞癌(HCC)中的表达及其与临床病理特征的关系。方法:使用免疫组化SP两步法检测120例HCC、30例癌旁肝组织、30例肝硬化组织及30例肝血管瘤标本中正常肝组织的STAT3蛋白及β-catenin的表达,分析STAT3蛋白和β-catenin表达与HCC临床病理特征的关系并采用Spearman等级相关分析法探讨HCC组织中STAT3蛋白与β-catenin的相关性。结果:STAT3蛋白在HCC、癌旁组织、肝硬化组织、正常肝组织中的阳性率分别为64.17%、13.33%、43.33%及0.00%,阳性表达主要位于细胞质,β-catenin在HCC、癌旁组织、肝硬化组织、正常肝组织中的阳性率分别为62.50%、16.67%、33.33%及0.00%,阳性表达亦主要位于细胞质。STAT3及β-catenin在上述各类组织中阳性率差异均具有显著性(P0.05)。HCC中STAT3蛋白阳性率在不同年龄、肿瘤大小、甲胎蛋白(AFP)、病理分化程度及门脉癌栓组间差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。HCC中STAT3与β-catenin表达呈显著正相关(P0.05)。结论:STAT3及β-catenin在HCC的发生、发展中起着重要作用且二者表达强度呈显著正相关。     

HSP70 和P53 蛋白在甲状腺乳头状癌中的表达 及其与临床病理特征的关系

目的:探讨热休克蛋白70(HSP70)和P53蛋白在甲状腺乳头状癌组织中的表达及其与临床病理特征的关系。方法:应用免疫组织化学Envision法检测35例甲状腺乳头状癌组织、15例甲状腺良性病变组织及15例正常甲状腺组织中HSP70和P53蛋白的表达,分析HSP70和P53蛋白的表达与甲状腺乳头状癌临床病理学特征的关系。结果:甲状腺乳头状癌组织中HSP7O和P53阳性表达率明显高于甲状腺良性病变组织及正常甲状腺组织(P<0.01)。HSP7O在甲状腺乳头状癌组织中的表达与是否有颈部淋巴结转移、浸润深度以及AJCC分期密切相关(P<0.01),而与年龄、性别、肿瘤的大小以及分化程度无关(P>0.05)。P53在PTC组织中的表达与组织分化程度、是否有淋巴结转移、浸润深度以及AJCC分期密切相关(P<0.01),而与年龄、性别、肿瘤的大小无关(P>0.05)。HSP70和P53蛋白在PTC组织中的表达呈正相关性(r=0.679,P<0.01)。结论:HSP70和p53蛋白在PTC中均呈高表达,并有协同作用,两者可作为预测PTC的生物学行为和预后的参考指标。     

IGFBP-rP_1在原发性肝细胞肝癌中的表达及意义

目的探讨胰岛素样生长因子结合蛋白相关蛋白1(insulin-like growth factor binding proteins-related protein 1,IGFBP-rP1)在原发性肝细胞肝癌(human hepatocellar carcinomas,HCC)中的表达及意义。方法应用免疫组织化学法检测43例HCC、32例癌旁肝组织及9例正常肝组织IGFBP-rP1的表达。结果IGFBP-rP1在HCC的表达显著低于癌旁肝组织(P0.01)及正常肝组织(P0.01),但正常肝组织和癌旁肝组织IGFBP-rP1的表达无明显差异(P0.05)。IGFBP-rP1的表达强度与HCC的恶性生物学行为关系密切。结论IGFBP-rP1抑制HCC的进展,IGFBP-rP1表达下调在HCC的进展中起重要作用。     

T细胞分化蛋白2在肝细胞癌中的表达及其临床意义

目的:观察T细胞分化蛋白2(Mal2)在肝细胞癌(HCC)中的表达并探讨其临床意义。方法:采用免疫组织化学染色方法检测226例HCC患者的肿瘤组织和86例正常肝组织中Mal2蛋白的表达情况,并分析其与HCC临床病理指标的关系。通过生存分析比较不同Mal2表达水平患者的生存情况,并分析影响HCC患者生存情况的危险因素。结果:Mal2蛋白在HCC肿瘤组织中的表达水平显著高于正常肝组织(P0.05)。Mal2蛋白表达水平增高与HCC患者血管侵犯、淋巴结转移和较高的TNM分期相关。生存分析表明Mal2蛋白高表达组患者术后生存率显著低于低表达组患者(P0.05)。Mal2阳性表达、血管癌栓形成、淋巴结转移及较高的TNM分期是影响HCC患者术后生存时间的独立危险因素。结论:Mal2蛋白在HCC组织中呈过表达趋势,且与肿瘤转移密切相关,可能在HCC的诊断与预后判断中有一定的应用价值。     

RPN2与肝癌患者预后及对肝癌细胞生长的作用

目的:探讨核糖蛋白2(ribophorin II,RPN2)在肝细胞肝癌(HCC)组织中的表达和对HCC患者生存的影响,同时分析RPN2对肝癌HepG2细胞生长和克隆形成的作用。方法:应用免疫组化方法和HCC公共芯片数据,从蛋白和m RNA水平检测HCC组织中RPN2的表达,同时分析RPN2与HCC患者临床参数的关系及预后相关性;进一步利用MTS法和克隆形成实验在肝癌HepG2细胞中检测RPN2对细胞生长的作用。结果:98例肝癌组织中,RPN2阳性表达率88.78%,对应癌旁肝组织中,RPN2阳性表达率74.49%;癌组织中RPN2染色评分为5.80±3.15,癌旁肝组织RPN2染色评分为2.13±1.59,肝癌组织中RPN2表达显著上调(P0.001)。3个肝癌公共芯片数据(共522例肝癌)中RPN2的m RNA表达水平同样显著升高(均P0.001)。98例肝癌患者RPN2表达水平与肿瘤直径(P=0.004)、门脉侵袭(P=0.012)和TNM分期(P=0.009)相关;RPN2高表达的患者总体生存期(OS)和无复发生存期(RFS)较RPN2低表达的患者短(OS:P=0.027;RFS:P=0.036)。肝癌HepG2细胞转染RPN2小干扰RNA后,细胞生长能力显著受抑制。结论:RPN2在肝癌中表达显著升高,RPN2的表达与肝癌的恶性进展有关,RPN2显著促进肝癌细胞生长。     

肝细胞癌中NF-kBp65,VEGF和MMP-9蛋白的表达及其相关性研究

目的:探讨肝细胞癌(HCC)组织中NF-kBp65,VEGF和MMP-9的表达及其临床意义。方法:应用免疫组织化学(SP法)检测35例HCC组织,15例癌旁肝组织及10例正常肝组织中NF-kBp65,VEGF和MMP-9蛋白的表达并分析其与临床病理因素的关系。结果:NF-kBp65,VEGF和MMP-9蛋白在HCC组织中高表达率(分别为80%,74%,71%)高于对照组(P<0.01)。NF-kBp65的表达与HCC的Edmondson分级有关,即在Edmondson分级Ⅲ-Ⅳ的癌细胞中NF-kBp65的表达强于Edmondson分级Ⅰ-Ⅱ的(P<0.05);有静脉浸润的HCC组织中NF-kBp65,VEGF和MMP-9的表达高于无静脉浸润者,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。但NF-kBp65的表达与年龄,性别,肿瘤大小,AFP水平无关(P>0.05);VEGF和MMP-9的表达与年龄,性别,肿瘤大小,AFP水平,HCC的Edmondson分级无关(P>0.05)。NF-kBp65的表达与VEGF和MMP-9呈正相关(rs1=0.579,P1<0.05;rs2=0.406,P2<0.05)。结论:NF-kB...     

hMSH6 和P53在散发性结肠癌中的表达及意义

目的:研究人类mut-s同系物6(hMSH6)和P53蛋白在散发性结肠癌(SCC)中的表达及与SCC病理特征的关系。方法:采用免疫组化Max-Vision二步法检测48例SCC癌组织、距癌灶3~9 cm的癌旁组织及≥10 cm的结肠组织以及45例正常结肠组织中hMSH6、P53的表达情况。结果:癌组织、距癌灶3~9 cm的癌旁组织中,hMSH6的阳性表达率低于距癌灶≥10 cm结肠组织及正常结肠组织,P53的阳性表达率高于距癌灶≥10 cm结肠组织及正常结肠组织,差异比较有统计学意义(P0.05);hMSH6阳性表达与癌灶部位及浸润深度有关(P0.05);P53阳性表达与组织学分级有关(P0.05);hMSH6与P53阳性表达呈负相关(r=-0.403,P0.05)。结论:hMSH6、P53的异常表达参与了SCC发生及发展的过程,hMSH6、P53可作为评价SCC生物学行为的指标。     

DAPK1、hTERT在口腔鳞癌中的表达及其临床意义研究

目的:探讨凋亡相关蛋白激酶1(DAPK1)、端粒酶催化亚单位(hTERT)在口腔鳞状细胞癌(OSCC)中的表达,并探讨其临床意义。方法:应用免疫组织化学方法检测DAPK1、hTERT在93例OSCC组织及10例癌旁正常组织中的表达,并分析其与OSCC临床病理参数之间的关系及其在OSCC浸润前沿中的作用。结果:癌旁正常组织中DAPK1的表达显著高于OSCC组织中DAPK1的表达,且高、中、低分化OSCC组织中DAPK1的表达比较均有显著差异(P0.05),OSCC浸润前沿组织中DAPK1的表达低于非前沿部分(P0.05),而DAPK1的表达与OSCC浸润前沿的IFG总分无显著相关性(P0.05)。癌旁正常组织中hTERT的表达显著低于OSCC组织中hTERT的表达(P0.05),且高、中、低分化OSCC组织中hTERT的表达比较均有显著差异(P0.05);OSCC浸润前沿组织中hTERT的表达高于非前沿部分(P0.05),且与OSCC浸润前沿的IFG总分有关(P0.05)。DAPK1、hTERT的表达均与OSCC患者的性别、年龄、淋巴结转移无显著相关性(P0.05)。结论:口腔鳞状细胞癌组织,特别是其前沿组织中DAPK1的表达显著下调和hTERT的表达明显上调,可能通过阻碍口腔鳞状细胞癌细胞凋亡,共同促进口腔鳞状细胞癌的生长、分化和浸润。     

IGFBP7在甲状腺乳头状癌中的表达及意义

目的观察胰岛素样生长结合蛋白-7(IGFBP7)在甲状腺乳头状癌中的表达及意义。方法对87例甲状腺乳头癌(PTC)组织及癌旁组织(PeT)进行IGFBP7、Ki67、p53免疫组织化学分析,其中10例提取蛋白用半定量western blot方法进行IGFBP7表达水平分析。结果 (1)IGFBP7免疫组化显示,PTC癌组织IGFBP7阳性率达78.16%(68/87),明显高于癌旁组织的31.03%(27/87)(P0.05);(2)Western blot灰度值比较,癌组织IGFBP7表达水平显著高于癌旁组织(t=2.875,P0.05);(3)Ki67、p53与IGFBP7相关性分析显示,p53表达水平与IGFBP7表达水平呈显著正相关性(r=0.261,P0.05),而Ki67表达水平与IGFBP7表达水平无相关性(r=0.148,P=0.170);(4)高水平表达的IGFBP7与PTC淋巴结转移高度相关(r=0.238,P0.05)。结论 IGFBP7表达异常增高可能与甲状腺乳头状癌发生及发展有关,有望成为诊断PTC的一项新型的生物标记物。     

CD90在肝细胞肝癌组织中的表达及其与肝癌临床病理特征的关系

目的:探讨CD90在肝细胞肝癌(HCC)患者肿瘤组织中的表达及其与临床病理参数的关系,为HCC的临床治疗提供参考。方法:选择2014年3月-2015年3月在我院接受治疗的HCC患者80例,收集患者肿瘤组织及癌旁组织,另选择同期就诊的80例正常肝脏组织作为对照组。观察并比较CD90在肝癌组织、癌旁组织及正常肝脏组织中的表达情况。结果:CD90在肝癌组织、癌旁组织及正常肝脏组织中呈不同程度阳性表达(P0.05)。CD90在肝癌组织和癌旁组织中的表达显著高于正常肝脏组织,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。CD90在肝癌组织中的表达显著高于癌旁组织,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。CD90在HCC组织中的表达与肿瘤大小、肝内转移、TMN分期和病理分级有关(P0.05)。结论:CD90在肝癌组织中呈高表达,其表达水平与肝癌临床病理参数有关,可以作为HCC诊断、治疗及预后评估的参考指标。     

New amino-dithiaphospholanes and phosphoramidodithioites and their rhodium and iridium complexes

New sulfur derivatives of phosphoramidite ligands were synthesized and the impact of the sulfur unit on the spectroscopic properties of their rhodium and iridium complexes was investigated. The new ligands Bn₂NPSCH₂CH₂S^a(P-S^a) (Bn = benzyl, 4), Bn₂NPSCHCHS^a(CH₂)₃C^aH₂(P-S^a)(C^a-S^a) (6) and Bn₂NP(4-XC₆H₄OMe)₂ (X = S, 7a; X = O, 7b) were converted to the rhodium and iridium complexes trans-[Rh(CO)Cl(L)₂] (L = 4, 6, 7), [RhCl(COD)(L)] (L = 4, 6, 7), [IrCl(COD)(7a)] and [IrCl₂Cp∗(6)]. For comparison, some phosphoramidite complexes of these formulations also were synthesized. The new metal complexes were spectroscopically analyzed. For the carbonyl complexes, the ν_CO IR stretching frequencies were lower than for the corresponding phosphite and phosphoramidite ligands. The ¹J_PRh coupling constants for the rhodium complexes with the new ligands were also smaller than for the respective phosphoramidite and phosphite complexes. Finally, the ¹J_PSe coupling constants of the selenides of the new ligands were lower than those of the phosphoramidite ligands but higher than for PPh₃. The spectroscopic data reveal that the new thio ligands 4, 6 and 7a are more electron donating than phosphites and phosphoramidites but less electron donating than PPh₃.     

Astrocytes and Synaptosomes Transport and Metabolize Lactate and Acetate Differently

Astrocytes transport the monocarboxylate acetate, but synaptosomes do not. The reason for this is unknown, because both preparations express monocarboxylate transporters (MCT). The transport and metabolism of lactate, another monocarboxylate, was examined in these two preparations, and the results were compared to those for acetate. Lactate transport is more rapid in astrocytes than in synaptosomes, but of lower affinity (Kms of 17 and 4 mM, respectively). Lactate (0.2 mM) is metabolized to CO2 more rapidly in synaptosomes than in astrocytes (rates of 0.37 and 0.07 nmol x mg protein(-1) x min(-1), respectively). The reason for this is unclear, but cellular differences in lactate dehydrogenase isotype expression may be involved. Acetate is metabolized to CO2 more rapidly in astrocytes than in synaptosomes (rates of 0.43 and 0.02 nmol x mg protein(-1) x min(-1), respectively). This is likely due to cellular differences in the expression of monocarboxylate transporter subtypes.     

白蚁与动物及微生物的共生类型及其机制

综述了白蚁螱客的主要种类、共生关系及相关机制的研究进展。白蚁螱客中,已报道的动物种类达170种。在与动物的共生关系中存在偏利共生（宾主共栖和异种共栖）、互利共生和无关共生三种;在与微生物的共生关系中,存在与内生菌（原生动物、细菌、真菌和放线菌）和外生菌（蚁巢伞菌等）间的互利关系。指出了白蚁与螱客研究中存在的问题,给出了解决方案,并提出了今后可能的研究热点或方向,为白蚁的综合利用（如纤维素酶）及今后研究物种间的协同进化提供了基础资料。     

Rapporteur report: Basics and technology and metrology and standards

The first and second sessions of the Workshop focussed on the basics of ultrasound and infrasound, their applications in both industry and medicine, and metrology and protection standards for ultrasound applications.     

Relative and combined effects of ethanol and protein deficiency on strontium and barium bone content and fecal and urinary excretion

To elucidate accumulation of minerals in human iliac arteries with aging, the content of minerals was analyzed by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry. Bilateral common, internal, and external iliac arteries of 16 men and 8 women, ranging ages from 65 to 93 yr, were examined. It was found that an extremely high accumulation of calcium and phosphorus occurred in the common iliac artery at old age, being higher than that of the internal and external iliac arteries. It should be noted that the accumulation of calcium and phosphorus is the highest in the common iliac artery among the human arteries examined to date. Regarding sexual differences, the content of calcium and phosphorus in the common and internal iliac arteries was higher in women than in men, whereas their content in the external iliac artery was lower in women than in men.     

Cytoskeleton and mitochondrial morphology and function

It has been well established that the cytoskeleton is an essential modulator of cell morphology and motility, intracytoplasmic transport and mitosis, however cytoskeletal linkage to the organelles has not been unequivocally demonstrated. Indeed, cytoskeleton appears to be essential in determining and modulating gene phenotype as a function of cellular environment. According to recent studies, the organization of the cytoskeleton network together with associated protein(s) could be essential in regulating mitochondrial function and particularly the permeability of the mitochondrial outer membrane to ADP. The aim of this chapter is to summarize the main properties of the cytoskeletal environment of mitochondria and the possible role(s) of this network in mitochondrial function in myocytes.     

Cross-reactivity between storage and dust mites and between mites and shrimp

Many patients have sensitivities to multiple species of storage and house dust mites. It is not clear if this is because patients have multiple sensitivities to species-specific mite allergens or if these mites share many cross-reacting allergens. Our objective was to further define the cross-allergenicity between several species of storage and house dust mites using crossed-immunoelectrophoresis (CIE), crossed-radioimmunoelectrophoresis (CRIE), immunoblotting, and ELISA. CIE and CRIE reactions revealed that storage mites shared two cross-antigenic molecules and one of these bound IgE in a serum pool from mite allergic patients. Antibody in anti-sera built to each species of mite recognized many SDS–PAGE resolved proteins of other mite species and this suggested the potential for other cross-reactive allergens. Among patient sera, IgE bound to many different proteins but few had IgE that bound to a protein with common molecular weights across the mite species and this suggested mostly species-specific allergens. Antiserum built to each mite species precipitated one protein in shrimp extracts that bound anti-Der p 10 (tropomyosin) and IgE in the serum pool. Anti-Der p 10 showed strong binding to shrimp tropomyosin but very little to any of the mite proteins. ELISA showed the mite extracts contained very little tropomyosin. The storage and dust mites investigated contain mostly species-specific allergens and very small amounts of the pan-allergen tropomyosin compared to shrimp and snail.     

人血管能抑素基因的克隆、表达及其表达产物的纯化和生物活性测定

以人胎盘脐带组织为材料,提取组织总RNA,用netRTPCR方法合成人血管能抑素cDNA基因,将该cDNA克隆进pSP72载体获得重组质粒pSP72C, DNA序列分析结果与预期序列一致。用BamHⅠ和NdeⅠ双酶切,切下pSP72C上的血管能抑素cDNA,插入pET3c载体的相应位点获得重组表达质粒pETC, 转化E. coli BL21(DE3), SDSPAGE分析显示：在IPTG诱导下,血管能抑素基因获得了高效表达,表达量约占菌体总蛋白的 27.9 %,主要以包涵体形式存在。包涵体经过洗涤、裂解、蛋白复性以及Sephadex G75凝胶过滤层析等步骤后,获得了纯度达91.4 %的人血管能抑素。CAM实验证明10 μg纯化蛋白就能显著抑制鸡胚新生血管生成。     

Oxidation and nitration of ribonuclease and lysozyme by peroxynitrite and myeloperoxidase

In spite of the many studies on protein modifications by reactive species, knowledge about the products resulting from the oxidation of protein-aromatic residues, including protein-derived radicals and their stable products, remains limited. Here, we compared the oxidative modifications promoted by peroxynitrite and myeloperoxidase/hydrogen peroxide/nitrite in two model proteins, ribonuclease (6Tyr) and lysozyme (3Tyr/6Trp). The formation of protein-derived radicals and products was higher at pH 5.4 and 7.4 for myeloperoxidase and peroxynitrite, respectively. The main product was 3-nitro-Tyr for both proteins and oxidants. Lysozyme rendered similar yields of nitro-Trp, particularly when oxidized by peroxynitrite. Hydroxylated and dimerized products of Trp and Tyr were also produced, but in lower yields. Localization of the main modified residues indicates that peroxynitrite decomposes to radicals within the proteins behaving less specifically than myeloperoxidase. Nitrogen dioxide is emphasized as an important protein modifier.