悬铃木方翅网蝽与红带网纹蓟马的竞争关系研究

【背景】悬铃木方翅网蝽是仅危害悬铃木的外来入侵物种,而红带网纹蓟马寄主广泛,可吸食悬铃木叶片汁液,2个物种客观上发生了竞争关系。【方法】以悬铃木方翅网蝽与红带网纹蓟马共同发生的悬铃木种植街区为研究地点,每10d调查15根悬铃木枝条,记录各枝条各叶片上2个物种的数量,进而评价悬铃木方翅网蝽入侵对红带网纹蓟马的竞争排斥能力。【结果】悬铃木方翅网蝽在整个调查期间的种群数量明显高于红带网纹蓟马;悬铃木方翅网蝽在悬铃木上的时间生态位宽度和重叠指数均大于红带网纹蓟马,两者的时间生态位竞争系数达0.7022,明显高于对悬铃木枝条和叶片的竞争强度;悬铃木方翅网蝽和红带网纹蓟马对悬铃木枝条和叶片的竞争强度较低,且具有阶段性,空间竞争主要发生在6月中旬至7月下旬的2个种群发生高峰期;悬铃木方翅网蝽与红带网纹蓟马在悬铃木上的繁殖生态位出现了明显的时间分化,红带网纹蓟马仅秋季世代产卵于悬铃木叶片上,而悬铃木方翅网蝽所有世代均产卵于悬铃木叶上,但2个物种在悬铃木上共同繁殖期间,红带网纹蓟马选择产卵的枝条和叶片均有悬铃木方翅网蝽产卵,表明2个物种对产卵枝条和叶片具有相似的空间需求。【结论与意义】悬铃木方翅网蝽与红带网纹蓟马在悬铃木上整体的时空生态位竞争强度较弱,且2个物种的营养生态位差异较大;悬铃木方翅网蝽的入侵对红带网纹蓟马的生存和种群发展无明显影响。     

悬铃木方翅网蝽在中国的首次发现

悬铃木方翅网蝽原产北美地区,首次在中国区系中发现.该种新入侵害虫在湖北武汉等城市危害三球悬铃木.介绍了方翅网蝽属和悬铃木方翅网蝽的鉴别特征、分布和为害情况.     

悬铃木方翅网蝽发生为害调查与防治

悬铃木方翅网蝽是一种外来入侵害虫,该虫近几年在石家庄发生普遍,为害严重.调查了悬铃木方翅网蝽在石家地区的寄主植物、为害特点和发生规律,观察描述了其形态特征、生活史和生活习性,测试分析了树冠喷施不同药剂对悬铃木方翅网蝽的防效.     

军配盲蝽对五种网蝽捕食作用研究

【目的】网蝽科Tingidae害虫严重危害我国农林经济作物,盲蝽科Miridae昆虫作为该虫的主要天敌类群之一,对网蝽害虫的绿色防控具重要意义。为明确军配盲蝽Stethoconus japonicus(Schumacher)雌、雄成虫对5种重要网蝽害虫的控害潜能,评价其生防潜力。【方法】在恒定条件(温度(26±1)℃,相对湿度70%±5%,L︰D=14︰10)下研究了军配盲蝽雌、雄成虫对茶网蝽Stephanitis chinensis(Drake)、梨网蝽S.nashi(EsakietTakeya)、桂花网蝽Eteoneussigillatus(Drakeet Poor)、入侵害虫菊方翅网蝽Corythucha marmorata(Uhler)和悬铃木方翅网蝽C. ciliate(Say)成虫的捕食选择性及捕食作用。【结果】军配盲蝽雌、雄虫对5种网蝽捕食选择率大小依次为茶网蝽悬铃木方翅网蝽梨网蝽菊方翅网蝽桂花网蝽,且雌虫比雄虫选择偏好性更强;军配盲蝽对5种网蝽的平均捕食量存在显著性差异,雌虫较雄虫平均捕食量大;军配盲蝽雌、雄虫对5种网蝽的捕食功能反应均符合HollingⅡ型,对茶网蝽捕食效能a'/Th最高,最大日捕食量1/Th,分别为36.2和28.6头,其次为悬铃木方翅网蝽,而对桂花网蝽捕食效能最低,最大日捕食25.4和18.7头。【结论】军配盲蝽成虫对5种网蝽均具有较好的控害潜能,对茶网蝽和入侵害虫悬铃木方翅网蝽有较强的选择偏好性和捕食效能,研究为准确评价军配盲蝽捕食网蝽的生防潜能提供了理论依据。     

悬铃木方翅网蝽触角气味结合蛋白基因鉴定

【目的】悬铃木方翅网蝽Corythucha ciliata是专性危害悬铃木属Platanus植物的外来入侵害虫,本研究旨在获得该害虫触角中气味结合蛋白(OBPs)基因信息,以期寻求有效控制害虫的嗅觉分子靶标。【方法】利用Illumina HiSeq~(TM) 4000高通量测序技术对悬铃木方翅网蝽雌雄成虫触角进行转录组测序并对测序结果进行生物信息学分析;通过实时荧光定量PCR(qPCR)方法,分析OBP基因在悬铃木方翅网蝽雌雄成虫触角中的表达模式。【结果】对悬铃木方翅网蝽雌雄成虫触角6个样品的转录组测序,共获得40.87 Gb clean reads,各样品的序列长度均达到6.31 Gb。转录组数据分析共鉴定出26个推测的悬铃木方翅网蝽OBP基因,其编码蛋白中24个(CcilOBP1-24)属于Classic OBPs,CcilOBP25/26属于Plus-C OBPs;与半翅目其他昆虫相关OBPs系统发育分析表明,大部分CcilOBPs形成独立一簇,少数与其他半翅目昆虫OBPs直系同源。qPCR分析显示,有11个OBP基因在雌雄成虫触角中表达量差异显著,其中有9个OBP基因(CcilOBP5/6/9/10/17/18/21/24/25)在雄成虫触角中显著高表达,有2个OBP基因(CcilOBP14/16)在雌成虫触角中显著高表达。【结论】本研究获得了悬铃木方翅网蝽成虫触角气味结合蛋白基因信息,研究结果为生物控制该害虫提供了重要基础数据和候选分子靶标。     

悬铃木方翅网蝽飞行能力测试及远距离扩散轨迹分析

【目的】摸清温度、日龄和性别对悬铃木方翅网蝽Corythucha ciliata成虫飞行能力的影响,分析其远距离扩散轨迹。【方法】本研究通过飞行磨系统、高空系留气球和HYSPLIT-4模型相结合的方法测定了悬铃木方翅网蝽飞行能力及模拟其种群随气流远距离扩散轨迹。【结果】飞行磨研究结果表明,随着悬铃木方翅网蝽日龄的增加其飞行距离和飞行时间逐渐增加,10日龄成虫飞行距离和飞行时间最长,随后逐渐下降。不同测试温度(19℃,22℃,25℃,29℃和31℃)下,10日龄成虫飞行距离和飞行时间在19℃时最小,随着温度的升高飞行距离和飞行时间都逐渐增加,在25℃时两者都达到最大,随后逐渐降低,在25℃时的飞行距离显著大于其他测试温度下; 28℃时平均飞行速度最快,显著高于其他测试温度下。雌虫在飞行距离和飞行时间上显著高于雄虫。高空系留气球观测结果表明,在5和10 m处悬铃木方翅网蝽种群密度较大,随着高度的上升诱捕数量逐渐下降,在35 m高度处种群数量最低,随后又随着高度的升高诱捕数量逐渐增加,65 m以上高度未能诱捕到试虫。利用HYSPLIT-4模型模拟了2015年悬铃木方翅网蝽由南向北的扩散路线为:河南省郑州市-山西省晋城市陵川县-长治市沁县-沂州市繁峙县-河北省张家口市。【结论】室内悬铃木方翅网蝽成虫在10日龄、25℃温度下飞行能力最强。田间悬铃木方翅网蝽成虫可随气流上升至65 m高度,具备随气流进行低空扩散的能力。     

栎方翅网蝽Corythucha arcuata(Say)在中国的潜在适生区预测

【目的】栎方翅网蝽是栎树上的一种重要害虫,自21世纪入侵意大利以来,迅速在欧洲地区暴发成灾。本文旨在探明栎方翅网蝽入侵中国的风险性。【方法】利用MaxEnt生态位模型预测栎方翅网蝽在中国的潜在适生区,分析栎方翅网蝽入侵、定殖和扩散的可能性。【结果】栎方翅网蝽入侵中国并在中国黄河长江中下游平原定殖和扩散的风险性极高,高度适生区包括重庆市、安徽省、湖北省、河南省、浙江省、湖南省、贵州省和四川省。通过分析环境因子重要性表明,最冷季度平均温度是影响栎方翅网蝽适应区的最关键环境变量;年平均温度、等温性和最干季度平均温度是影响栎方翅网蝽适应区分布的主要环境因素。【结论】栎方翅网蝽在我国定殖扩散风险高,建议植物检疫部门加强栎方翅网蝽的监控,并将栎方翅网蝽列入中华人民共和国进境植物检疫性有害生物名录。     

上海地区悬铃木方翅网蝽的生活史及发生情况

观察悬铃木方翅网蝽Corythucha ciliata(Say)在上海的生活史和生活习性,并对其在上海的发生情况进行调查。悬铃木方翅网蝽在上海1年发生5代,第5代成虫于10月中下旬主要在悬铃木主干和支干的树皮下越冬,4月上旬越冬成虫上树为害,4月下旬开始产卵,5月上旬始见第1代若虫,第1代若虫期17～18d,世代历期约30d,7～8月间世代重叠现象明显。悬铃木方翅网蝽在上海11个区均有发生,株被害率最高的4条道路分别为徐汇区龙华西路、肇嘉浜路、松江区人民北路及长宁区延安西路,为害率达100%。为害程度最严重的的3条道路分别为松江区人民北路、长宁区延安西路和水城南路,虫情指数分别达95.6%、76.7%和72.2%。     

悬铃木叶片对悬铃木方翅网蝽为害的生理响应

为了认识近年来入侵中国的外来害虫悬铃木方翅网蝽Corythucha ciliata刺吸为害对寄主的影响,将室内饲养虫源接入野外悬铃木Platanus×acerifolia叶片上,利用光合作用仪和比色法,测定了不同受害级别下悬铃木叶片几种生理性状的变化。结果表明：随着受害级别的增高,叶片光合速率(Pn)、气孔导度(Gs)、蒸腾速率(Tr)总体呈下降趋势。叶片不同受害级别与胞间CO₂浓度(Ci)呈正相关(P< 0.01)。悬铃木方翅网蝽刺吸悬铃木叶片组织后, 叶片叶绿素a、b和类胡萝卜素都较对照降低,且随着被害级别的增高,降低程度逐渐增大。叶面积受害级别与叶绿体色素之间呈显著的负相关关系(P< 0.01)。随着叶片受害级别的增大,可溶性糖含量呈下降趋势,而游离脯氨酸含量的变化则无规律性。这些结果说明, 悬铃木方翅网蝽的刺吸为害能造成寄主植物光合作用的减弱及叶片其他生理生化指标变化。     

四种网蝽科昆虫外部形态特征提取与分析

随着计算机图像处理技术的发展,昆虫图像特征提取技术在昆虫分类学中的应用越来越广泛。相关的研究报道涉及到多种较大型昆虫和节肢动物,但对身体较小昆虫的外部形态特征提取与分析,及其雌雄鉴别方面的报道不多。本研究利用中国农业大学IPMist实验室开发的Bug Shape 1.0对体型较小的4种网蝽科Tingidae昆虫成虫进行了外部形态特征的提取,分析了所得参数在其种类和雌雄方面的差异。结果表明,获得的10个参数在4种网蝽成虫中差异均有高度统计学意义。4种网蝽雌雄成虫在面积、等效圆半径、偏心率、球状性和圆形度5个参数方面的差异有高度统计学意义,初步认为可以作为区别这4种网蝽雌雄成虫的重要指标。判别分析证明,4种网蝽交叉判别的正确率高达98.5%,对种类和性别同时进行判别时,交叉判别的正确率为85.0%。利用重心法得到的聚类分析结果符合传统昆虫分类学的结果,同一属的菊方翅网蝽Corythucha marmorata和悬铃木方翅网蝽C.ciliata优先聚为一类,其他2种网蝽先后分别聚类。本研究利用图像处理与分析技术得到的参数适合对此类昆虫进行种类和性别的鉴定,初步表明该技术在此类害虫分类鉴定中的科学性和可行性。     

Prior encounters modulate subsequent choices in host acceptance behavior by the bark beetle Ips pini

Laboratory bioassays indicate that the bark beetle Ips pini employs flexible, rather than absolute, responses to phytochemicals in its host acceptance behavior. Each beetle's decision to enter substrate was influenced by the types and concentrations of monoterpenes present. However, previous rejection of a simulated host containing a moderate concentration of monoterpenes increased the likelihood that the same concentration would be accepted upon a second or third encounter. This flexibility more than offsets any loss of vigor due to starvation and age that accompanies a process of trial and error. Starvation decreased beetles' total lipid content, but beetles can recover some energetic losses by a small amount of feeding during each trial. In addition to its adaptive value, a flexible host acceptance strategy may yield population level consequences. That is, bark beetles preferentially enter trees having low concentrations of monoterpenes, but may modify their acceptance thresholds when cues associated with stressed trees are not available. This could partially explain how some tree-killing bark beetles colonize a broader physiological range of trees during outbreaks. The adaptive value of relating individual decisions to population density may arise from two ecological relationships: first, as populations rise, the pool of stressed trees is rapidly depleted; secondly, healthy trees are attainable through pheromone – mediated mass attacks when adequate numbers of beetles are present. Flexible host acceptance behaviors may also reduce the advantage of relying exclusively on pre-landing cues to distinguish between susceptible and non-susceptible trees.     

Interaction dynamics between saprobic lignicolous fungi and Armillaria in controlled environments: Exploring the potential for competitive exclusion of Armillaria on peach

Armillaria root rot, caused by Armillaria tabescens and Armillaria mellea, is a major cause of premature tree death in peach orchards in the southeastern United States. The root systems of infected trees can become entirely colonized by Armillaria, serving as an inoculum source for adjacent trees and providing massive inoculum levels in replant situations. If dead or dying trees could be colonized by an effective competitor of Armillaria before their removal, the extent of root colonization by the pathogen could be reduced, thus decreasing the threat to adjacent trees and/or subsequent plantings. Interactions between five species of saprobic lignicolous fungi (Ganoderma lucidum, Hypholoma fasciculare, Phanerochaete velutina, Schizophyllum commune, and Xylaria hypoxylon) and the two Armillaria species were examined in controlled conditions to provide proof of concept for competitive exclusion of Armillaria from peach roots. On agar-coated glass slides, all five potential antagonists induced detrimental reactions in >58% of the Armillaria hyphae observed, with the majority resulting in hyphal swelling or granulation. On poplar wood blocks, all antagonists consistently either overgrew Armillaria colonies or—in the case of S. commune—engaged in deadlock reactions; in all cases, the viability of Armillaria colonies was reduced to <30% of that of unchallenged controls. When inoculated simultaneously onto opposite ends of peach root segments, all antagonists consistently reduced growth and viability of Armillaria on and under the bark, whereby reduction of pathogen growth underneath the bark, Armillaria’s primary ecological niche, was most pronounced for G. lucidum, S. commune, and X. hypoxylon. When root segments were allowed to be colonized entirely by Armillaria before being inoculated with the antagonists, the latter were able to overgrow the pathogen on the root surface but unable to pre-empt it from underneath the bark. In summary,G. lucidum, S. commune, and X. hypoxylon caused strong hyphal and mycelial interference reactions and the most pronounced reductions in growth of Armillaria above and below the bark, indicating that they would be the most promising candidates for field-scale evaluations to restrict colonization of dead or dying peach trees by Armillaria in the orchard.     

Genetic variation amongst viviparid snails in the genus Mekongia (Prosobranchia: Viviparidae) in Thailand

Allozyme variation in viviparid snails from the genus Mekongia in Thailand were examined across the different species, subspecies and geographical locations (river drainage systems). Using horizontal starch gel electrophoresis, 11 presumed allozyme loci (eight polymorphic) from eight enzyme systems were screened. Heterozygosity was moderately low (Hexp = 0.000–0.109, mean = 0.037). One population of Mekongia pongensis (Nong Khai) was monomorphic at all 11 examined loci in contrast to the other two populations, suggesting bottleneck within this population. Populations were more differentiated in the Mekongia sphaericula complex (F_ST = 0.587) than in either the Mekongia swainsoni complex (F_ST = 0.161) or M. pongensis species (F_ST = 0.073). Mekongia sphaericula sphaericula and Mekongia sphaericula extensa exhibited fixed allele differences at two loci, a high genetic distance (D = 0.265–0.300) and a potential polyphyletic relationship, suggesting two distinct lineages (species).     

Helicosporidium infection of the great European spruce bark beetle, Dendroctonus micans (Coleoptera: Scolytidae)

An infection of the great European spruce bark beetle Dendroctonus micans (from Turkey) by the parasitic green alga Helicosporidium is described. This is the first time that Helicosporidium has been found to infect a bark beetle (Scolytidae) and the first time that a naturally infected beetle has been reported for the Eurasian continent. The typical cysts of Helicosporidium contain three ovoid cells and one helical, filamentous cell. The morphological characteristics are revealed by light and electron microscopy. Distinct electron-dense inclusions with a peculiar ultrastructure may represent pyrenoids. Since D. micans is an important pest, the discovery of a natural pathogen may offer a chance for biological control.     

醉马草水浸液对豌豆蚜触杀活性及种群增长的影响

为探讨醉马草水浸液对豌豆蚜触杀活性及种群增长的影响,采用带虫浸叶法比较不同生育期醉马草带菌（E+）和不带菌（E-）水浸液对豌豆蚜触杀活性及种群生命表,测定了豌豆蚜的死亡率及触杀后对其生殖期,平均繁殖力,繁殖率及生命表参数的影响。结果表明,不同生育期醉马草带菌（E+）水浸液触杀豌豆蚜后对其各项指标均有显著影响。在苗期时,E+水浸液触杀豌豆蚜后校正死亡率最高,繁殖力最低,内禀增长率（r_m=0.145 d^-1）和净生殖率（R₀=4.802头）均为最小值。在成熟期时,E+水浸液触杀豌豆蚜24 h、48 h和72 h后校正死亡率分别为26.15%,19.01%,9.07%;繁殖期（3.87 d）,平均繁殖力（8.80头）,繁殖率（1.40%）,内禀增长率（r_m=0.208 d^-1）和净生殖率（R₀=8.820头）。在枯黄期时,E+水浸液触杀豌豆蚜后校正死亡率最低,繁殖力最强,内禀增长率（r_m=0.247 d^-1）和净生殖率（R₀=13.647头）均为最大值。不同生育期醉马草E-水浸液触杀豌豆蚜后对其种群繁殖无显著影响,与对照差异不显著（P>0.05）。综上,苗期醉马草E+水浸液对豌豆蚜有较好的触杀效果,校正死亡率高,且触杀后当代繁殖力减弱,种群扩建时间延长,不利于其种群繁殖和增长;故苗期醉马草E+水浸液具有很好的杀虫潜力,所采用水浸液方法制备简单,成本低,可为新型植物源农药研发提供重要理论依据。     

外源氮添加对高寒草地门源草原毛虫种群密度的影响

近几十年以来,中国陆地生态系统的大气氮沉降持续增加。这种外源氮输入会影响植物多样性和生产力,进而影响植食性昆虫的种群动态。门源草原毛虫(Gynaephora menyuanensis)是青藏高原东北部高寒草地的主要植食性昆虫,种群数量爆发时会造成巨大的生态经济损失。为了探明草原毛虫种群密度如何响应氮沉降加剧,依托青海海北高寒草地“外源氮添加梯度”控制实验平台(0、25、50、100 kg N hm^-2 a^-1),详细调查了门源草原毛虫的种群密度及其相关的食物数量、质量和栖息地环境变化。结果表明：(1)外源氮添加显著影响门源草原毛虫的虫口密度(ANOVA:F=3.29,P=0.04),且草原毛虫虫口密度随氮添加量的增加呈线性增加趋势(R~2=0.31,P=0.005)。(2)外源氮添加梯度下,食物质量(叶片氮含量),而非食物数量(植物地上生物量和禾草地上生物量)和栖息地环境(土壤温度、湿度和光照条件),是草原毛虫虫口密度变化的关键影响因素。基于上述结果,可以预测：未来氮沉降的加剧可能促进青藏高原高寒草地门源草原毛虫的虫害爆发。研究将为全球变化背...     

辣木危险性害虫辣木瑙螟Noorda blitealis研究初报

【背景】辣木瑙螟是在我国辣木上新发现的一种小蛾类害虫,主要以幼虫取食叶片为害,严重时可将叶片全部取食。目前该虫在我国云南省已有分布,对辣木产业威胁极大。【方法】通过室内试验、田间调查和收集整理辣木瑙螟相关资料,研究并总结了辣木瑙螟的寄主植物、地理分布、形态特征、部分生物学特性、危害和发生情况。【结果】人工饲养与初步观察显示,辣木瑙螟幼虫期约16.17 d,蛹期约10.25 d,从初孵幼虫到成虫共需约26.42 d。在云南省元江县的调查结果显示,辣木被害株率达94%以上,单株虫量最高达302头·株-1,经常采收的地块枝被害率达80.80%、被害指数达0.54,受害程度显著高于未采收地块。【结论】关于辣木瑙螟的年生活史、世代数、危害损失、防治方法等方面尚待进一步研究。随着辣木种植面积的扩大,其他与辣木种植环境相似的地区也可能有辣木瑙螟的分布。因此,需采取系统调查和大田普查的方法加强监测,防止该虫蔓延。     

水椰八角铁甲和椰心叶甲对椰子和银海枣的寄主选择性

【目的】水椰八角铁甲和椰心叶甲均为棕榈科植物的重要入侵害虫,两者的外部形态、取食部位和危害特征相似。研究它们的寄主选择性有助于了解这2种害虫的扩散和成灾机制。【方法】在室内用椰子和银海枣2种寄主植物分别饲养水椰八角铁甲和椰心叶甲,研究在不同寄主植物上水椰八角铁甲和椰心叶甲的存活率、产卵率、发育历期等以及这2种害虫对不同寄主植物的选择性。【结果】水椰八角铁甲在2种寄主上的存活率差异显著,除了卵期和蛹期之外,幼虫期各虫态在银海枣上的存活率明显比在椰子上的存活率高;椰心叶甲在椰子上的存活率高于银海枣,各虫态平均存活率分别为95%和86%。取食银海枣的水椰八角铁甲达标准卵量概率为0.23,取食椰子不产卵,无法完成整个世代;取食椰子的椰心叶甲达标准卵量概率为0.86,取食银海枣不产卵,也无法完成整个世代;水椰八角铁甲取食银海枣完成世代的实验种群趋势指数为12.55,椰心叶甲取食椰子完成世代的实验种群趋势指数为66.55。【结论】水椰八角铁甲和椰心叶甲分别对银海枣和椰子这2种寄主植物具有明显的选择性。在海南椰子树的数量远远超过银海枣,该实验结果在一定程度上解释了椰心叶甲在海南岛广泛分布而水椰八角铁甲只是零星发生的原因。     

Short-distance dispersal behavior and establishment of the parasitoid Gonatocerus ashmeadi (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae) in Tahiti: Implications for its use as a biological control agent against Homalodisca vitripennis (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae)

The egg parasitoid Gonatocerus ashmeadi Girault (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae), was introduced into French Polynesia as a biological control agent to control the invasive plant feeding pest Homalodisca vitripennis (Germar) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae). The short-distance dispersal of G. ashmeadi was monitored as part of the biological control program. G. ashmeadi showed exponential dispersal capacity with 47 m/day being a minimum estimate of its natural rate of spread at high host densities (>150 nymphs per minute of sweep net sampling) in urbanized areas at sea level, which were characterized by a high diversity of exotic ornamental plants. This rate of spread contrasted starkly with almost nonexistent establishment and dispersal where host densities were very low (<2 nymphs per minute of sweep net sampling) at high elevation (800 m) with relatively undisturbed native vegetation. Survey results across different altitudes revealed an effect of vegetative diversity and host density on the measurable mobility and establishment of G. ashmeadi. In contrast, no significant influence of wind direction was found on G. ashmeadi dispersal rate or direction. Survey results for G. ashmeadi from French Polynesia suggest that the best release establishment strategies for classical biological control of H. vitripennis are: (1) many small releases where host density is high, or (2) larger and fewer releases where host densities are low.     

褐梗天牛幼虫和成虫空间分布的地统计学研究

褐梗天牛(Arhopalus rusticus Linnaeus)是一种对松、杉、柏等林木危害非常严重的蛀干害虫,主要危害针叶树的衰弱木以及火灾后的枯立木,是继松褐天牛之后携带拟松材线虫能力最强的蛀干害虫。为了更好地控制其危害,深入地研究其种群空间格局,运用地统计学方法分析了3块受害程度不同的油松林内褐梗天牛幼虫和成虫的空间分布特性。结果表明:3种受害程度不同的林分内,褐梗天牛的危害具有显著差异,轻度受害林分内有虫株率为30.8%,中度受害林分内有虫株率为44.3%,而重度受害林分内高达78.3%。根据变异函数曲线图分析得知:轻度受害林、中度受害林和重度受害林内褐梗天牛幼虫种群空间分布最优拟合模型分别为高斯模型、高斯模型和指数模型,成虫的种群空间分布最优拟合模型均为线性模型。在3种林分中褐梗天牛幼虫数量具有明显的空间依赖性,轻度受害林、中度受害林和重度受害林内幼虫数量的空间依赖范围分别是19.10、11.97、61.98m,其空间连续性强度分别是0.646、0.784和0.500;成虫的空间依赖范围分别是43.08、43.23、44.17m,其空间连续性强度分别是0.044、0.021和0.171,但其成虫的数量在空间呈随机分布,没有表现出空间依赖性。根据垂直分布图分析得出:褐梗天牛幼虫和成虫在油松上主要集中聚集在某个高,然后随着高度增加密度降低,随着高度接近地面密度也降低。用Kriging插值法生成的空间分布图显示幼虫在空间分布上具有明显的聚集性,其聚集中心主要集中在林地中心,由林地中心株向整个林地扩散,而成虫则表现为随机分布。