雷公藤AP2/ERF转录因子基因的克隆与分析

该研究以雷公藤发状根为材料,根据雷公藤根转录组数据设计引物,采用RT-PCR方法克隆得到2个雷公藤AP2/ERF转录因子,分别命名为TwAP2/ERF1基因(GenBank登录号:GAVZ01042389.1)和TwAP2/ERF2基因(GenBank登录号:GAVZ01016765.1)。TwAP2/ERF1基因含有一个525bp开放阅读框(ORF),编码186个氨基酸;TwAP2/ERF2基因的ORF为789bp,编码262个氨基酸;2个基因编码的蛋白质均为亲水性蛋白质。系统进化分析表明,TwAP2/ERF1与油桐(Vernicia fordii)AP2/ERF(APQ47444.1)和木油桐(Vernicia montana)AP2/ERF(APQ47365.1)相似性较高,TwAP2/ERF2与毛果杨(Populus trichocarpa)AP2/ERF(XP_002304640.1)和樱桃(Prunus pseudocerasus)AP2/ERF(ALD84477.1)相似性较高。雷公藤发状根经MeJA诱导后,TwAP2/ERF1基因的相对表达量明显提高,并于处理后9h达到最高值,为对照表达量的16.77倍;而MeJA处理对TwAP2/ERF2基因的表达表现出抑制作用,但于处理后48h相对表达量有所提高。研究表明,雷公藤TwAP2/ERF1转录因子响应MeJA早期诱导正调控,推测其可能参与调控雷公藤植物次生代谢产物的生物合成,该研究结果为阐明雷公藤次生代谢物质的生物合成调控与利用现代生物技术提高雷公藤植物细胞中次生代谢物质的含量奠定了基础。     

丹参抗性基因SmORA1的克隆及诱导表达分析

该研究采用PCR方法从丹参中克隆出一条乙烯应答因子结合蛋白(ERF)转录因子编码基因,命名为SmORA1,GenBank登录号为KT359598。经分析发现该基因全长648bp,不包含内含子,编码206个氨基酸残基。编码蛋白SmORA1含有典型的AP2结合结构域。表达分析结果表明,SmORA1主要在丹参根中表达,且该基因的表达明显受到茉莉酸甲酯(MeJA)、脱落酸(ABA)、乙烯(ET)、机械创伤和病原菌等逆境信号的诱导,但低温和脱水情况下SmORA1表达下调。研究表明,SmORA1参与丹参生物胁迫反应,可整合JA、ABA、ET和病原菌等胁迫信号途径。     

Methyl jasmonate vapor increases the developmentally controlled synthesis of alkaloids in Catharanthus and Cinchona seedlings

Shortly after germination, alkaloids are rapidly synthesized in seedlings of both Catharanthus roseus L.G. Don and Cinchona ledgeriana Moens. The effect of low-level, atmospheric methyl jasmonate on this developmentally controlled process was studied. In both species, about 1 p.p.m. of methyl jasmonate vapor significantly enhanced alkaloid synthesis during germination, resulting in a doubling of alkaloid content in seedlings. Treatment with methyl jasmonate resulted in increased allocation of alkaloid precursors and in enhanced enzyme activities in alkaloid biosynthesis. The ability of methyl jasmonate to increase alkaloid biosynthesis decreased with age of the seedlings. Susceptibility of the process to methyl jasmonate was confined to a narrow time interval where the developmentally regulated onset of alkaloid synthesis occurred. When methyl jasmonate was applied at later developmental stages, its ability to enhance alkaloid content in the seedlings declined sharply.