Claudin5、MMP-13在食管鳞癌中的表达及临床意义

目的研究Claudin5和MMP-13蛋白在食管鳞癌组织中表达及其临床意义。方法应用免疫组化技术检测90例食管鳞癌组织、28例正常食管黏膜组织中Claudin5和MMP-13蛋白的表达情况。结果食管鳞癌组织中Claudin5和MMP-13蛋白的阳性表达率分别为85.56%(77/90)和82.22%(74/90),而在正常食管黏膜组织中Claudin5和MMP-13蛋白的阳性表达率分别为25.00%(7/28)和21.43%(6/28),两者差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。MMP-13的蛋白表达在有淋巴结转移的病人中明显高于没有淋巴结转移的病人;临床分期Ⅲ+Ⅳ期组的MMP-13蛋白的表达显著高于Ⅰ期、Ⅱ期组(P0.05)。MMP-13和claudin5在食管鳞癌中表达呈正相关(r=0.6356 P0.01)。结论 MMP-13和claudin5在食管鳞癌的发生、发展过程中可能发挥重要作用,MMP-13可能作为食管鳞癌临床判断预后的又一重要指标。     

食管鳞癌血管生成拟态的组织学和细胞学研究

目的:探讨血管生成拟态(vasculogenic mimicry,VM)与食管鳞癌临床病理特征的关系及其对患者预后的影响,并分析食管癌血管生成拟态的形成机制。方法:收集57例食管鳞癌石蜡包埋样本,进行过碘酸雪夫氏(PAS)及CD34免疫组织化学双重染色,结合HE染色,观察食管鳞癌血管生成拟态的发生情况。对患者临床病理和预后信息进行单因素分析,Kaplan-Meier生存比较和Cox风险模型分析。通过食管鳞癌细胞株Eca-109三维培养建立,观察RNAi沉默VE-cadherin对食管鳞癌Eca109血管生成拟态形成的影响。结果:食管鳞癌中VM表达的阳性率为54.3%,显著高于正常食管黏膜组织;VM在病理分型为低分化食管鳞癌的阳性表达率为78.9%,显著高于中高分化组(P0.05);III-Ⅳ期食管鳞癌患者VM阳性率显著高于Ⅰ-Ⅱ期食管鳞癌患者(P0.05);有淋巴结转移的食管鳞癌者VM阳性率明显高于无淋巴结转移者(P0.05)。单因素分析结果显示食管鳞癌VM的发生率与肿瘤的分化程度、TNM分期和淋巴转移显著相关。Kaplan-Meier生存分析显示有VM组食管鳞癌患者的生存期明显短于无VM组(P0.05);Cox分析显示VM是影响食管鳞癌患者预后的独立危险因素(RF=0.67)。三维培养结果显示Eca-109细胞在基质胶上形成典型的血管网状样结构,VE-cadherin-siRNA可有效抑制VE-cadherin在Eca109的表达,抑制体外培养的Eca109细胞VM的形成。结论:血管生成拟态是食管鳞癌一种独特的血液供应模式,与食管鳞癌的分化程度、TNM分期、淋巴转移密切相关,是食管鳞癌患者术后生存期的独立危险因素。     

三阴性乳腺癌术后辅助化疗方案的药学研究

目的:调查三阴性乳腺癌术后辅助化疗三种方案的临床应用情况,制订药学监护点。方法:收集我院2009年12月至2017年5月168例三阴性乳腺癌患者,化疗方案选用TAC、TP或AC→T方案,对三组患者进行具体分析。结果:胃肠道反应:TAC组Ⅰ度8例,Ⅱ度28例;AC→T组Ⅰ度4例,Ⅱ度100例;Ⅲ度4例;TP组Ⅱ度20例,Ⅲ度4例。骨髓抑制:TAC组Ⅱ度32例,Ⅲ度4例;AC→T组Ⅱ度92例,Ⅲ度16例;TP组Ⅱ度20例,Ⅲ度4例。三组不同化疗方案TNBC患者的胃肠道反应、骨髓抑制的发生情况比较差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。一年肿瘤无进展生存率:TAC 88.9%;AC→T 92.6%;TP 100%,平均化疗费用:TAC20686.94±199.87元;AC→T 19470.83±150.988元;TP 12895.42±276.341元,平均住院天数为8.808±0.2792天;10.213±0.2429天;10.958±0.3782天。结论:在TAC、TP和AC→T方案中,TP方案治疗三阴性乳腺癌的临床疗效可,副反应少,费用少,是较优选的治疗方案。     

老年宫颈癌的临床病理特征分析及预后影响因素探讨

为探讨老年宫颈癌的临床病理特征及预后影响因素,以为宫颈癌的防治提供依据,本研究回顾性分析我院收治的107例老年宫颈癌患者的临床资料,并比较其临床病理特征和生存情况。经分析比较发现,107例患者中鳞状细胞癌92例(85.98%),腺癌11例(10.28%),透明细胞癌4例(3.74%);临床分期:≤Ⅱa期28例(16.47%),≥Ⅱb期79例(73.83%);患者1、3、5年生存率分别为81.31%、64.37%、51.79%。病理类型、临床分期和淋巴结转移是老年宫颈癌患者预后影响因素(p0.05),其中KPS评分70分的非鳞癌患者Ⅲ期或Ⅳ期及淋巴结转移患者预后较差。     

食管鳞癌组织中TNFAIP3的表达及其预后意义

目的研究肿瘤坏死因子α诱导蛋白3(tumor necrosis factorα-induced protein 3, TNFAIP3)在食管鳞癌中表达的临床病理意义及其对鳞癌预后的判断价值。方法免疫组织化学法检测100例随访食管鳞癌及80例癌旁组织中TNFAIP3蛋白的表达,并分析了其与食管鳞癌临床病理特征及预后的关系。结果 TNFAIP3在食管鳞癌中高表达阳性率为47.0%(47/100),显著高于癌旁组织中的高表达率15.0%(12/80),且与肿瘤的分化程度有关;生存分析显示高表达TNFAIP3的患者预后不良,单因素生存分析显示TNFAIP3的表达、肿瘤的浸润深度、淋巴结转移、临床分期与食管鳞癌预后密切相关,多因素生存分析显示TNFAIP3的表达、肿瘤的浸润深度、淋巴结转移、临床分期为食管鳞癌的独立预后预测因子。结论表达增高的TNFAIP3可能参与了食管鳞癌的发生发展,TNFAIP3的高表达可能成为食管鳞癌的独立预后因子。     

Galectin-3和上皮-间质转化相关标志物在卵巢癌中的表达及与淋巴结转移的关系

目的研究卵巢癌中半乳糖凝集素-3(galectin-3)和上皮-间质转化(epithelial-mesenchymal transition,EMT)相关标记物的表达及与淋巴结转移之间的关系。方法免疫组织化学检测57例卵巢癌组织及13例淋巴结转移癌galectin-3和EMT标记物E-cadherin与vimenitn的表达,并分析其与临床病理的关系。结果 galectin-3在卵巢癌的阳性表达率为70.2%,其中Ⅲ+Ⅳ期的表达显著高于Ⅰ+Ⅱ期,有淋巴结转移者显著高于无淋巴结转移者;E-cadherin在卵巢癌的阳性表达率为75.4%,其中Ⅰ+Ⅱ期的表达显著高于Ⅲ+Ⅳ期,无淋巴结转移的表达显著高于有淋巴结转移者。Vimentin的阳性表达率为49.1%,其中Ⅲ+Ⅳ期的表达显著高于Ⅰ+Ⅱ期,高级别肿瘤的表达显著高于低级别,有淋巴结转移的表达显著高于无淋巴结转移者。Pearson相关分析显示,卵巢癌中galectin-3表达与E-cadherin表达呈负相关,而与vimentin呈正相关。结论卵巢癌中出现galectin-3表达和发生EMT的病例容易出现淋巴结转移,galectin-3和EMT标志物改变具有相关性,galectin-3可能通过EMT途径促进卵巢癌进展。     

宫颈癌基质金属蛋白酶、Ⅳ型胶原和微血管密度的临床意义

目的:研究宫颈癌中MMP-2、MMP-9、Ⅳ型胶原表达和微血管密度的临床意义.方法:采用sABC免疫组织化学方法对64例子宫颈癌组织(全部为鳞癌),20例正常宫颈组织进行MMP-2、MMP-9,Ⅳ型胶原和微血管密度的检测.结果:(1)MMP-2,MMP-9二者在正常宫颈组织、宫颈癌(ICC)的细胞浆的阳性表达率分别为:MMP-2阳性20.0%(4/20)、75.0%(48/64);MMP-9的阳性为:15.0%(3,20)、78.1%(50/64),MMP-2、MMP-9的正常组与宫颈癌组相比差异有显著性(P<0.05).(2)Ⅳ型胶原表达随着宫颈癌的进展、分期升级,基底膜破坏程度明显增加而显著减少,正常组织与宫颈癌之间差异显著.有淋巴结转移者Ⅳ型胶原表达则明显低于无淋巴结转移组(p<0.005).(3)微血管密度与宫颈癌的恶性程度及淋巴结转移密切相关,宫颈癌患者的微血管密度明显高于对照组,在临床Ⅱ、Ⅲ期明显高于Ⅰ期.MVD与肿瘤大小、病理分级无关.结论:MMP-2、MMP-9活性表达与Ⅳ型胶原的表达负相关,与MVD正相关.Ⅳ型胶原的表达与宫颈癌的临床分期及有无淋巴结转移相关,可作为判定宫颈癌浸润及转移程度的一个生物学指标.微血管密度与宫颈癌的恶性程度及淋巴结有无转移密切相关.因此采用MVD评价宫颈癌预后是有意义的.     

老年宫颈癌50例临床及预后分析

目的:探讨老年宫颈癌的临床病理特征及预后影响因素。方法:对50例老年宫颈癌患者的临床特点及生存情况进行回顾性分析。结果:鳞状细胞癌45例(90.0%),腺癌4例(8.0%),透明细胞癌1例(2.0%);≤Ⅱa期占16.0%,≥Ⅱb期占84.0%;主要临床症状为绝经后不规则阴道流血,全组1、3、5年生存率分别为82.0%,66.0%,54.0%。多因素分析结果显示病理类型、临床分期及淋巴结转移情况是老年宫颈癌患者预后的独立影响因素(均P<0.05)。结论:KPS评分≥70分、鳞癌、临床分期为Ⅰ期、Ⅱ期,无淋巴结转移的患者预后较好,病理类型、临床分期及淋巴结转移情况是老年宫颈癌患者预后的独立影响因素。     

E-钙粘蛋白和S100钙结合蛋白A4在乳腺癌组织中的表达及其与病理特征的关系

目的:探讨E-钙粘蛋白(E-cadherin)和S100钙结合蛋白A4(S100A4)在乳腺癌组织中的表达及其与病理特征的关系。方法:选取2010年3月-2017年12月期间梅州市人民医院收集的乳腺癌石蜡块标本50例为乳腺癌组,另选取同时期病理检查为良性肿瘤的石蜡块标本38例为对照组,应用免疫组化法检测E-cadherin和S100A4在乳腺癌组与对照组的表达情况,分析E-cadherin和S100A4与乳腺癌病理特征的关系,并采用Spearman相关性分析方法分析E-cadherin和S100A4的相关性。结果:E-cadherin在乳腺癌组中的阳性表达率低于对照组,S100A4阳性表达率高于对照组(P0.05)。E-cadherin和S100A4阳性表达率与乳腺癌患者的年龄、是否绝经及病灶直径无关(P0.05),有淋巴结转移、临床分期为Ⅲ-Ⅳ期、病理分级为Ⅲ级的乳腺癌患者中E-cadherin阳性表达率低于无淋巴结转移、临床分期为Ⅰ-Ⅱ期、病理分级为Ⅰ-Ⅱ级者,而有淋巴结转移、临床分期为Ⅲ-Ⅳ期、病理分级为Ⅲ级的乳腺癌患者中S100A4阳性表达率高于无淋巴结转移、临床分期为Ⅰ-Ⅱ期、病理分级为Ⅰ-Ⅱ级者(P0.05)。经Spearman相关性分析显示,E-cadherin阳性表达与S100A4阳性表达呈负相关(P0.05)。结论:S100A4在乳腺癌组织中呈现高表达,E-cadherin乳腺癌组织中呈现低表达,且其与患者淋巴结转移、临床分期及病理分级存在一定的相关性。     

腹腔镜胃底折叠术和食管裂孔疝修补术在胃食管反流病患者中的临床应用研究

目的:研究腹腔镜胃底折叠术和食管裂孔疝修补术在胃食管反流病的临床应用效果。方法:选择2009年5月~2016年8月于我院接受腹腔镜胃底折叠术和食管裂孔疝修补术治疗的92例胃食管反流病患者作为研究对象,并根据不同的胃底折叠术分为Nissen组54例和Toupet组38例。其中Nissen组患者采用Nissen360°术式治疗,Toupet组患者采用Toupet270°术式治疗。分别比较两组患者术后恢复情况、术后症状缓解情况、手术满意度以及吞咽困难发生情况。结果:两组患者术后Visick评分等级为Ⅰ~Ⅱ级占比高于术前,而Ⅲ~Ⅳ级占比低于术前,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。Nissen组术后症状缓解率为90.74%(49/54),与Toupet组的81.58%(31/38)相比,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。Nissen组手术满意度为92.59%(50/54),与Toupet组的84.21%(32/38)相比,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。Nissen组患者术后1个月吞咽困难发生率为46.30%(25/54),高于Toupet组的23.68%(9/38),差异有统计学意义(P0.05);而两组患者术后6个月吞咽困难发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:腹腔镜胃底折叠术和食管裂孔疝修补术治疗胃食管反流病具有一定的有效性与安全性,可根据患者具体病情选择Nissen360°术式或Toupet270°术式治疗。     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

Entwicklungsgeschichte und Ultrastruktur von Pollenkitt und Exine bei nahe verwandten entomophilen und anemophilen Angiospermensippen derAlismataceae,Liliaceae, Juncaceae,Cyperaceae, Poaceae undAraceae

Some closely related members of the monocotyledonous familiesAlismataceae, Liliaceae, Juncaceae, Cyperaceae, Poaceae andAraceae with variable modes of pollination (insect- and wind-pollination) were studied in relation to the ultrastructure of pollenkitt and exine (amount, consistency and distribution of pollenkitt on the surface of pollen grains). The character syndromes of pollen cementing in entomophilous, anemophilous and intermediate (ambophilous or amphiphilous) monocotyledons are the same in principal as in dicotyledons. Comparing present with former results one can summarize: 1) The pollenkitt is always produced in the same manner by the anther tapetum in all angiosperm sub-classes. 2) The variable stickiness of entomophilous and anemophilous pollen always depends on the particular distribution and consistency of the pollenkitt, but not its amount on the pollen surface. 3) The mostly dry and powdery pollen of anemophilous plants always contains a variable amount of inactive pollenkitt in its exine cavities. 4) A step-by step change of the pollen cementing syndrome can be observed from entomophily towards anemophily. 5) From the omnipresence of pollenkitt in all wind-pollinated angiosperms studied one can conclude that the ancestors of anemophilous angiosperms probably have been zoophilous (i.e. entomophilous) throughout.

     

Identification and Characterization of the First Equine Parainfluenza Virus 5

正Dear Editor,Parainfluenza virus 5 (PIV5), known as canine parainfluenza virus in the veterinary field, is a negative-sense,nonsegmented, single-stranded RNA virus belonging to the Paramyxoviridae family (Chen 2018). The virus was first reported in primary monkey kidney cells in 1954 (Hsiung1972), then it has been frequently discovered in various