HPV18晚期蛋白L1在毕赤酵母菌中的表达及鉴定

目的:用毕赤酵母胞内表达载体构建含人乳头瘤病毒18型(HPV18)L1基因质粒,诱导表达并进行鉴定。方法:按照毕赤酵母密码子偏爱性原则,合成全长L1基因,然后克隆到pAO819表达载体上,在体外分别构建含一个拷贝和二个拷贝的L1基因载体。线形化后转化到GS115酵母细胞,经G418抗性筛选,获高拷贝重组子并经甲醇诱导表达,表达产物采用化学发光Western blot鉴定,一抗为抗HPV18L1蛋白鼠抗血清。结果:在55kDa处有诱导蛋白免疫印迹出现,并在电镜下观察到HPV18的病毒样颗粒(VLPs),证明该表达系统能表达出HPV18 L1蛋白。结论:本实验构建的毕赤酵母表达菌株,可经甲醇诱导表达HPV18L1晚期蛋白,为进一步研制人乳头瘤病毒18型基因工程疫苗打下基础。     

钙网蛋白-N58在毕赤酵母中的表达及活性分析

目的：利用毕赤酵母表达系统表达Calreticulin-N58蛋白。方法：利用重叠延伸PCR方法合成Calreticulin-N58基因,构建成分泌型的重组表达载体pPIC9K-CRT-N58。该重组表达载体经SacI线性化后,电激转化入毕赤酵母GSll5,经MD板和不同浓度G418筛选得到多拷贝重组菌株。经甲醇诱导表达目的蛋白,SDS-PAGE分析重组蛋白的表达情况,在鸡胚中进行活性分析。结果：重组质粒pPIC9K-CRT-N58在毕赤酵母中经甲醇诱导能分泌表达CRT-N58蛋白,摇瓶表达量大约为60mg／L,纯化的目的蛋白有显著的血管生成抑制作用。结论：实验成功地在毕赤酵母表达系统中实现了Calreticulin-N58的分泌表达。为Calreticulin-N58蛋白的进一步药用研究奠定了基础。     

重组人白细胞介素21在毕赤酵母中的分泌表达及活性分析

为了获得有活性的重组人白细胞介素21(rhIL-21),本研究建立了在毕赤酵母(Pichia pastoris)中分泌表达rhIL-21的技术。首先,通过RT-PCR从人外周血淋巴细胞中扩增IL-21cDNA,克隆到酵母表达载体pPIC9K中,构建了重组酵母表达载体pPIC9K-hIL21 cDNA;然后,线性化的载体转化毕赤酵母表达菌株GS115,经抗性梯度筛选获得了多拷贝重组酵母菌;加入甲醇诱导培养后,SDS-PAGE和Western blotting检测到培养液中有rhIL-21的分泌表达,相对分子量约为16kD,ELISA结果显示摇瓶表达量可达229.28mg/L;表达上清经阳离子交换介质SPSepharose Fast Flow纯化后,目的蛋白纯度达到95%。细胞增殖试验结果显示该rhIL-21联合刀豆蛋白A(ConA)对人淋巴细胞的增殖具有显著的促进作用。本研究首次成功在毕赤酵母表达系统中分泌表达了有生物活性的rhIL-21,为相关疾病免疫治疗的研究奠定了基础。     

重组酵母鸡γ干扰素的抗病毒活性测定及临床初步应用

为了获得具有天然抗病毒活性的重组酵母鸡γ干扰素,以Con A(刀豆素A)诱导培养4~10h的鸡全血中提取的淋巴细胞总RNA为模板,通过RT-PCR的方法扩增出鸡γ干扰素成熟蛋白基因。通过EcoRⅠ和XbaⅠ两个酶切位点把鸡γ干扰素成熟蛋白基因插入到酵母表达载体pPICZa-A上,得到了重组酵母鸡γ干扰素表达载体pPICZa-A-CHIFN-γ,经BstxⅠ线性化后的重组载体被转入酵母菌株X33中,通过PCR的方法来筛选重组酵母菌,在甲醇诱导表达后,SDS-PAGE结果显示有两株重组菌在诱导72h后其表达上清中有大小为16kDa的目的条带。干扰素生物活性测定经典实验(微量病变抑制实验)和临床初步应用结果皆说明重组酵母鸡γ干扰素具有较强的抗病毒的生物活性和较好的临床使用前景。     

FAD依赖的葡萄糖脱氢酶多拷贝毕赤酵母菌株的构建及高效表达

通过体外多拷贝构建实现FAD依赖的葡萄糖脱氢酶(FAD-GDH)在毕赤酵母(Pichia pastoris)X33菌株中的高效表达。将前期构建的经密码子偏好性优化FAD-GDH基因插入到pPICZαA质粒中，通过同尾酶法酶切酶连构建含1～4个表达盒的重组表达质粒，分别电转至毕赤酵母X33中，成功筛选到各种重组菌株。qRT-PCR测定结果表明，载体所含的表达盒数目与嵌合进毕赤酵母基因组中的GDH基因拷贝数之间存在正相关关系。重组菌在试管水平用甲醇诱导72 h,酶活达到最高，其中4拷贝的转化子表达水平最高；选择1拷贝和4拷贝转化子进行10 L发酵罐扩大培养，1拷贝菌株诱导108 h酶活达到最高697.125 U/mL,4拷贝菌株诱导132 h酶活达到最高1 063.279 U/mL,比1拷贝酶活提高52.52%。结果表明通过增加目的基因拷贝数策略有助于提高FAD-GDH的表达量，为其进一步扩大生产提供参考。     

重组IL-18BP拮抗重组鸡IL-18刺激外周血单核细胞产生IFN-γ的作用

【目的】白细胞介素-18通过激活Th1细胞和NK细胞产生IFN-γ而发挥关键的免疫调节作用。人和小鼠分泌的白细胞介素-18结合蛋白(IL-18BP)可以拮抗其活性。推测在鸡痘病毒基因组中也含有IL-18BP基因的同源物,对其表达的蛋白质进行了活性鉴定,为拮抗IL-18主导的疾病提供理论依据。【方法】根据鸡痘疫苗病毒的基因组序列设计特异性引物,使用PCR方法从中分离cIL-18BP基因,将该基因克隆到酵母表达载体pPICZαA中,甲醇诱导后在酵母GS115中进行表达。对表达的重组蛋白进行了活性鉴定。【结果】从鸡痘病毒中克隆到cIL-18BP基因,SDS-PAGE鉴定了该基因在酵母系统中的高效表达。ELISA检测表明纯化后的cIL-18BP与重组鸡(c)IL-18发生特异性结合;通过测定IFN-γ的浓度,表明该蛋白具有拮抗IL-18刺激外周血单核细胞(PBMCs)和MSB1细胞分泌IFN-γ的活性。【结论】实验表明,cIL-18BP通过抑制cIL-18刺激相关免疫细胞分泌IFN-γ而发挥对IL-18的拮抗作用,敲除该基因可能有助于研制更安全和高效的鸡痘疫苗。     

巴斯德毕赤酵母甲醇诱导表达磷脂酶A2的转录组学分析

【目的】基于转录组学技术研究表达磷脂酶A_2的毕赤酵母重组菌在甲醇诱导表达外源蛋白时的基因表达差异,从而解析外源蛋白高效诱导表达机制,为进一步工程菌株的改造提供理论支撑。【方法】以一株产磷脂酶(PLA_2)的毕赤酵母为出发菌株,采用RNA-Seq二代测序方法,研究在甘油培养和甲醇诱导两种条件下,重组毕赤酵母转录组基因表达差异情况。【结果】重组毕赤酵母中共鉴定到5225个转录本。甘油培养与甲醇诱导相比,共有857个基因发生显著变化。依据代谢途径分类,差异基因集中在核糖体成分、甲醇代谢、磷酸戊糖途径、糖酵解途径、柠檬酸循环、乙醛酸循环以及蛋白质加工过程。【结论】通过分析甲醇诱导前后的差异表达基因,结果表明碳源改变对胞内代谢会产生全局影响。本研究结果为进一步研究毕赤酵母表达外源蛋白的机制提供了基础。     

卡氏德巴利酵母植酸酶在毕赤酵母中的异源表达及优化

【背景】植酸是一种能螯合金属离子和蛋白质的有机磷类化合物,广泛存在于植物组织中,影响动物对营养元素的吸收。在饲料中加入植酸酶可有效降解植酸。【目的】构建毕赤酵母异源表达卡氏德巴利酵母(Debaryomyces castellii,D. castellii)植酸酶的菌株,促进卡氏德巴利酵母植酸酶的研究及工业应用。【方法】将卡氏德巴利酵母植酸酶基因进行密码子优化后转入毕赤酵母GS115中,通过筛选多拷贝、敲除蛋白酶、过表达分子伴侣及转运蛋白的方法获取优势菌株。【结果】所得重组菌株GS115/DCphy(ΔPep4)(BFR2)的产酶酶活是低拷贝菌株的7倍。【结论】研究结果为卡氏德巴利酵母植酸酶的异源表达及潜在工业应用提供了一定的指导。     

血管生成抑制因子K4K5 Cdna基因的克隆及其在毕赤酵母中的表达

应用PCR方法,扩增人纤溶酶原cDNA基因中K4K5 cDNA片段,与酵母表达载体pPIC9K重组,获得表达质凿p9kkk-18。该质粒转化毕赤酵母菌GS115,用G418－YPD筛选高拷贝表型,PCR筛选K4K5 cDNA与酵母染色体整全形成的阳性克隆,阳性克隆用甲醇诱导表达。表达产物r-K4K5分子量约21.5kD,占分泌总蛋白80％以上,产物浓度为150－250mg/L。初步纯化产物抑制牛毛细血管内皮（BCE）细胞增殖与鸡胚绒毛尿囊膜（CAM）新生血管生成。     

猪IL-18在毕赤酵母中的表达及活性分析

采用PCR方法从pGEM-IL-18重组质粒中扩增出IL-18基因并构建真核融合表达载体pPIC9K-IL-18,电激法转化入毕赤酵母GS115,采用G418抗性梯度法筛选得到多拷贝重组菌株,甲醇诱导表达,应用SDS-PAGE分析重组蛋白的表达情况,并将表达蛋白用凝胶层析柱纯化后,用MTT法检测其生物学活性。实验结果表明重组的GS115酵母菌株可表达分泌pIL-18,其表达在72h时达高峰,分泌量可达160mg/L,纯化的重组pIL-18蛋白具有显著的促进淋巴细胞增殖的活性,说明本试验已在毕赤酵母中在国内首次成功表达了具有生物学活性的pIL-18。     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

鸡传染性法氏囊病病毒研究进展

传染性法氏囊病(Infection bursal disease, IBD)是由鸡传染性法氏囊病毒(Infectious bursal disease virus, IBDV)引起的鸡和火鸡的一种高度接触性传染病,给世界各国的禽养殖业带来了巨大损失.自IBDV发现至今新的变异株不断出现,分子结构的改变导致病毒致病力的改变及宿主对疫苗应答的改变,使得传统的疫苗已不能控制其流行,因此各国学者对其基因组结构和功能进行了广泛深入的研究,并积极研制新型有效的疫苗以达到防治的目的.     

Development of a Novel Reverse Transcription Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Method for Rapid Detection of SARS-CoV-2

In conclusion, the novel visual RT-LAMP assay is a simple, rapid, and sensitive approach for detection of SARS-CoV-2, and it is ready for application in primary care and community hospitals or health care centers, and even patients' own houses in response to the current SARS-CoV-2 epidemic because the assay does not require sophisticated equipment and skilled personnel. Furthermore, it is also ready to be used in fields for screening samples from wild animals and environments to facilitate the identification of potential intermediate hosts that mediate the cross-species transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from bats to humans.     

Perinatal Vertical Transmission of Chikungunya Virus in Ruili,a Town on the Border between China and Myanmar

正Dear Editor,Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), an arbovirus in the family of Togaviridae, genus Alphavirus, is transmitted by the A.aegyptii or A. albopictus mosquito, and causes disease in humans characterized by fever, rash, and arthralgia (Silva and Dermody 2017; Suhrbier 2019). It was first reported in 1953 in Tanzania, and caused only a few outbreaks and sporadic cases in Africa and Asia in last century. However, in the epidemic in 2004, CHIKV acquired mutations that conferred enhanced transmission by the A. albopictus mosquito(Schuffenecker et al. 2006). Since then, it has successively caused outbreaks in Africa, the Indian Ocean, South East Asia, the South America, and Europe (Zeller et al. 2016).