慢性心力衰竭患者血清hs-cTnT及galectin-3水平及其临床意义

目的:探讨慢性心力衰竭(chronic heart failure,CHF)患者半乳糖凝集素-3(Galactose lectin-3,galectin-3)和高敏肌钙蛋白-T(high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T,hs-c Tn T)的水平,并评估其对CHF患者近期预后的预测价值。方法:选取CHF住院患者共220例,按美国纽约心脏病协会(NY-HA)心功能分级分为Ⅱ~Ⅳ级,检测患者血清galectin-3、hs-c Tn T、氨基末端B型脑钠肽前体(NT-pro BNP)水平和动态心电图及超声心动图变化。出院90d后随访,记录主要心脏不良事件(MACE)的发生情况。结果:CHF患者血清galectin-3、hs-c T-n T水平均随心功能分级增高而升高(P0.05);相关性分析显示galectin-3与hs-c Tn T正相关(r=0.822,P0.05);发生MACE组血清galectin-3、hs-c Tn T水平高于未发生MACE组[(19.9±4.42)ng/m L vs(17.4±3.46)ng/m L及(0.030±0.015)ng/m L vs(0.022±0.011)ng/m L,P均0.05];galectin-3≥22.885ng/m L组恶性心律失常及MACE发生率更高(分别为78.6%vs9.9%及85.71%vs 18.68%,P均0.05),hs-c Tn T阳性组恶性心律失常及MACE发生率亦更高(分别为24.7%vs 3.6%及33.8%vs10.7%,P均0.05)。结论:血清galectin-3、hs-c Tn T与CHF的严重程度相关,对评估CHF患者的近期预后有重要参考价值。     

肌钙蛋白I水平检测对急诊房颤患者的临床意义

目的:探讨房颤患者急诊入院时检测肌钙蛋白I(Tn I)水平的临床作用及预测价值。方法:回顾性分析我院523例房颤患者的临床资料,将资料中数据进行统计学分析处理。患者分为三组:1组患者Tn I轻度升高;2组患者Tn I正常;3组患者未检测Tn I,分别就三组患者的基线特征以及就诊时的症状展开数据比较,并且单变量及多变量分析Tn I升高的预测因子。设置主要终点为1年内所有原因导致的死亡及心肌梗死(MI),患者从入院时起随访1年,记录期间的MI发生情况及死亡情况。结果:173例患者(33%)Tn I轻度升高(均值0.56 ng/m L),225例患者(43%)Tn I正常,125例患者(24%)未检测Tn I。住院期间1组患者(50%)的心功能检查异常明显高于组2和组3(28%和29%,P≤0.001),1组患者(22%)主要终点发生率明显高于2组(10%)和3组患者(15%)(P=0.002),有统计学意义。结论:肌钙蛋白I轻度升高与冠脉疾病(CAD)发生率增加及MI发生率增加有关,但对于总体死亡率无影响。     

血清(1,3)-β-D葡聚糖试验与血清半乳甘露聚糖试验对马尔尼菲篮状菌病的诊断价值CSCD

目的探讨血清(1,3)-β-D-葡聚糖检测(G试验)、血清半乳甘露聚糖试验(GM试验)及联合检测对艾滋病(AIDS)患者中合并马尔尼菲篮状菌病(TSM)的诊断价值。方法回顾性研究住院艾滋病患者中有明确病原学检查确诊马尔尼菲篮状菌(TM)感染且有完善G试验及GM试验的患者45例,及同期住院AIDS患者中有完善G试验、GM试验及病原学检查,明确排除TM感染的219例患者,比较各组G试验、GM试验结果、检测时间,通过对比G试验、GM试验及联合检测方法(联合检测一:G试验和GM试验检测均为阳性为联合检测阳性,一种阳性或均阴性视为阴性结果;联合检测二:单独G试验或GM试验检测为阳性或二者均阳性,即为联合检测阳性,均阴性视为阴性结果)的敏感度、特异度、阳性预测值、阴性预测值、误诊率、漏诊率,并绘制ROC曲线。结果G试验及GM试验的敏感度及特异度差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),G试验敏感度为36.36%,特异度为78.14%,ROC曲线下面积AUC为0.602,95%的置信区间为0.539~0.662。GM试验敏感度为55.56%,特异度为96.80%,ROC曲线下面积AUC为0.819,95%CI为0.767~0.864。联合检测一敏感度27.27%,特异度99.53%,ROC曲线下面积AUC为0.634,95%CI为0.572~0.693。联合检测二敏感度65.91%,特异度76.74%,ROC曲线下面积AUC为0.713,95%CI为0.654~0.768,约登指数为0.4265。结论G试验、GM试验是AIDS合并TSM早期辅助性诊断指标,其中GM试验敏感度、特异度均高于G试验,相比病原学检查,有缩短诊断时间的优点,但不是诊断金标准。在G试验、GM试验及联合检测中,联合检测一可以提高特异度,联合检测二可以提高敏感度。     

血清心肌酶谱及cTnI对新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病的诊断价值

目的:研究血清心肌酶谱及心肌肌钙蛋白I(c Tn I)对新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病的诊断价值。方法:选取2012年11月到2014年11月我院收治的新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病患儿70例(研究组),另选同期健康新生儿70例(对照组),采用生化仪检测入选者血清心肌酶谱,应用化学发光法检测血清c Tn I,比较两组血清心肌酶谱和c Tn I水平。结果:研究组肌酸激酶(CK)、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)、肌酸激酶同工酶(CK-MB)、a-羟丁酸脱氢酶(HBDH)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)均显著高于对照组,两组比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);研究组c Tn I水平显著高于对照组,两组比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);CK-MB检测灵敏度最高,c Tn I检测的特异性最高。结论:血清心肌酶谱及c Tn I对新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病具有重要的诊断价值,为临床治疗提供一定依据。     

血清hs-CRP及红细胞分布宽度与急性冠脉综合征患者危险分层及预后的相关性研究

目的:探讨血清超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)及红细胞分布宽度(RDW)与急性冠脉综合征(ACS)患者危险分层及预后的相关性。方法:将132例ACS患者按照全球急性冠状动脉事件注册(GRACE)危险评分分为低、中、高危三组;检测各组的血清hs-CRP、RDW、肌钙蛋白I(c Tn I)、B型脑钠肽(BNP)水平;并记录入院后心脏超声检查中左室射血分数(LEVF)及住院期间有无发生主要不良心脏时间(MACE)等情况。结果:低、中、高危三组间血清hs-CRP、RDW、BNP、c Tn I、LEVF比较具有统计学差异(P0.05),高危组患者血清hs-CRP、RDW、BNP、c Tn I高于低危组及中危组(P0.05),中危组高于低危组(P0.05);血清hs-CRP水平与GRACE评分呈正相关(rs=0.490,P0.05),RDW水平与GRACE评分亦呈正相关(rs=0.401,P0.05);与非MECE组比较,MECE组患者hs-CRP、RDW较高(P0.05);血清高水平hs-CRP及RDW是ACS患者发生近期住院MACE相关高危因素。结论:血清hs-CRP及RDW水平随着ACS患者危险分层的增加而增加,高水平hs-CRP及RDW是近期发生MACE的高危因素,对临床评估ACS患者病情及预后具有重要价值。     

中国汉族人群CXCR2基因＋1235C/T多态与急性冠脉综合征的关联研究

目的：炎症反应在动脉粥样斑块变化的病理过程中发挥着重要的作用。本研究探讨CXCR2基因＋1235 C/T单核苷酸多态与中国汉族人群急性冠脉综合征发病的相关关系。方法：本研究采用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性方法对675例急性冠脉综合征的患者和636例对照组进行检测,分析CXCR2基因＋1235 C/T单核苷酸多态的基因型和等位基因频率的分布情况,同时收集济南军区总医院心内科经冠脉造影证实为阳性的急性冠脉综合征患者360例及对照者360例,对上述关联分析的结果进行复制实验的印证。结果：CXCR2基因＋1235 C/T单核苷酸多态三种基因型（CC型,CT型和TT型）在急性冠脉综合征组分布频率分别为39.3%,45.3%和15.1%,在对照组分别为41.7%,47.2%和11.1%,CXCR2基因＋1235 C/T基因型和等位基因频率对照组和急性冠脉综合征组之间存在统计学差异（P〈0.05）。Logistic回归校正性别、年龄、体重指数、吸烟、高血压、高脂血症、糖尿病等冠心病的易患因素后,CXCR2基因＋1235 C/T多态与急性冠脉综合征的发病存在相关关系（P〈0.05）。结论：CXCR2基因＋1235 C/T多态与急性冠脉综合征发病存在相关关系,CXCR2基因＋1235 C/T多态可能是中国汉族人群急性冠脉综合征发病的独立危险因子。     

早期心电图QRS波时限与老年急性冠脉综合征患者左心功能的相关性分析

目的:探讨老年急性冠脉综合征患者(ACS)患者入院时心电图QRS波时限与左心功能的相关性。方法:选取396例老年ACS患者为研究对象,测定所有患者入院时的体表心电图的QRS波时限,按照QRS时限将患者将患者分为Ⅰ组:60 ms≤QRS时限≤80 ms、Ⅱ组:80 msQRS时限100 ms、Ⅲ组:QRS时限≥100 ms;检测各组患者相关心脏超声心功能指标,同时检测入院时肌钙蛋白I(c Tn I)、肌酸激酶同工酶(CK-MB)、血清B型脑钠肽(BNP);记录患者住院期间发生左心衰竭情况。结果:与Ⅰ组及Ⅱ组比较,Ⅲ组的BNP及c Tn I明显升高(P0.05)、LVEF降低(P0.05);血清BNP与QRS时限呈正相关(P0.05),而LVEF与QRS时限呈负相关(P0.05);QRSw时限延长是老年ACS患者发生左心衰竭的独立危险因素(OR=1.214,P0.05)。结论:老年ACS患者QRS时限延长与左心功能下降密切相关,可能是老年ACS患者发生左心衰竭的独立危险因素。     

血浆(1,3)-β-D葡聚糖检测对器官移植患者侵袭性真菌感染诊断价值

目的 探讨血浆(1,3)-β-D葡聚糖(BG)检测(G试验)在诊断器官移植术后合并侵袭性真菌感染(IFI)的诊断价值.方法 回顾性分析2011年1月～2012年12月130例在本院肝、肾移植中心住院疑似IFI的患者的血浆标本,进行G实验检测.其中64例最终确诊或临床诊断为IFI患者,设为IFI组,余66例为非IFI组.应用MB-80微生物动态快速检测系统和GKT-5M Set动态真菌检测试剂盒,血浆BG浓度≥10 pg/mL判定G试验阳性.采用四格表计算G试验诊断IFI的敏感度、特异度、阳性预测值和阴性预测值.对G试验结果进行受试者特征工作曲线(ROC曲线)分析,并计算曲线下面积.结果 130例患者中,IFI组中G试验阳性57/64,阳性率89.1％;阴性7例,假阴性率10.9％.非IFI组G试验阳性15/66,假阳性率22.7％.G试验阳性诊断IFI的敏感度、特异度、阳性预值和阴性预测值分别为89.1％,77.3％,79.2％和87.9％.根据G试验结果绘制ROC曲线,曲线下面积为0.875(95％ CI:0.813～0.937).结论 G试验对器官移植患者IFI具有中等诊断价值.适当提高诊断界值及重复检测可较大程度地消除假阳性.     

心肌坏死标志物联合检测对急性心肌梗死早期诊断及鉴别的价值

目的:探讨心肌坏死标志物联合检测在急性心肌梗死早期诊断及鉴别中的意义。方法:选取2010年12月至2013年5月我院收治的90例患者,45例确诊急性心肌梗死患者为观察组,其余45例非急性心肌梗死患者为对照组。分别采集两组患者静脉血4 m L用于检验。采用免疫抑制法测定患者血清中肌酸激酶(CK)和肌酸激酶同工酶(CK-MB)含量,采用电化学发光法检测肌钙蛋白I(c Tn I)和肌红蛋白(MYO)含量。观察并比较不同时间点两组患者血清中CK、CK-MB、c TnⅠ及MYO含量的变化情况。结果:与对照组比较,观察组的血清CK、CK-MB、c TnⅠ及MYO的含量明显升高,其中CK及MYO升高最为显著,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。CK、CK-MB在发病3~6 h后快速升高,24 h达高峰;c TnⅠ前24 h与CK-MB同步,但维持时间较长;MYO在发病后1~2 h发生异常,12 h达峰值(P0.05)。结论:心肌坏死标志物联合检测可提高急性心肌梗死的检出率,有助于疾病的及时发现、诊断和治疗。     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.     

Perinatal Vertical Transmission of Chikungunya Virus in Ruili,a Town on the Border between China and Myanmar

正Dear Editor,Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), an arbovirus in the family of Togaviridae, genus Alphavirus, is transmitted by the A.aegyptii or A. albopictus mosquito, and causes disease in humans characterized by fever, rash, and arthralgia (Silva and Dermody 2017; Suhrbier 2019). It was first reported in 1953 in Tanzania, and caused only a few outbreaks and sporadic cases in Africa and Asia in last century. However, in the epidemic in 2004, CHIKV acquired mutations that conferred enhanced transmission by the A. albopictus mosquito(Schuffenecker et al. 2006). Since then, it has successively caused outbreaks in Africa, the Indian Ocean, South East Asia, the South America, and Europe (Zeller et al. 2016).