阿仑膦酸钠与钙尔奇D分别联合二甲双胍治疗2型糖尿病合并骨质疏松症的疗效对比研究

摘要 目的：对比阿仑膦酸钠与钙尔奇D分别联合二甲双胍治疗2型糖尿病（T2DM）合并骨质疏松症的疗效。方法：选取我院于2016年4月~2019年1月期间收治的109例T2DM合并骨质疏松症患者,根据乱数表法将患者分为钙尔奇D组（n=54,钙尔奇D）和阿仑膦酸钠组（n=55,阿仑膦酸钠）。比较两组患者临床疗效、血糖指标、骨代谢相关指标、腰椎L2~L4及股骨颈的骨密度值。结果：阿仑膦酸钠组治疗1个月后的临床总有效率为83.64%（46/55）,高于钙尔奇D组的62.96%（34/54）（P<0.05）。两组治疗1个月后腰椎L2~ L4、股骨颈的骨密度值均升高,且阿仑膦酸钠组高于钙尔奇D组（P<0.05）。两组治疗1个月后骨钙素（BGP）升高,且阿仑膦酸钠组高于钙尔奇D组（P<0.05）;血清I型胶原C末端肽（s-CTX）、碱性磷酸酶（BAP）、人抗酒石酸酸性膦酸酶 5b（TRAP-5b）则降低,且阿仑膦酸钠组低于钙尔奇D组（P<0.05）。两组治疗1个月后空腹血糖（FPG）、糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）均降低（P<0.05）,但两组治疗1个月后组间比较无统计学差异（P>0.05）。两组不良反应发生率对比无统计学差异（P >0.05）。结论：与钙尔奇D联合二甲双胍治疗比较,阿仑膦酸钠联合二甲双胍治疗T2DM合并骨质疏松症患者,疗效显著,可有效改善骨代谢指标及骨密度,且不影响降糖效果,具有一定的临床应用价值。     

唑来膦酸联合钙尔奇D治疗糖尿病性骨质疏松的临床疗效研究

目的:观察唑来膦酸联合钙尔奇D治疗糖尿病性骨质疏松症的临床疗效。方法:将120例糖尿病性骨质疏松患者随机分为实验组和对照组,实验组60例予唑来膦酸联合钙尔奇D治疗,对照组60例予钙尔奇D治疗。连续治疗12个月后,比较两组患者的骨密度、疼痛评分及不良反应的发生情况。结果:治疗12个月后,实验组患者的股骨颈、股骨粗隆和腰椎正位的骨密度均较对照组明显升高,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);VAS疼痛评分较对照组显著降低(P0.05)。治疗过程中,两组均无严重的不良反应发生。结论:唑来膦酸联合钙尔奇D治疗糖尿病性骨质疏松临床效果优于钙尔奇D单药治疗。     

依替膦酸二钠对老年性骨质疏松症的疗效及安全性分析

目的:分析依替膦酸二钠对老年性骨质疏松症的疗效及安全性。方法:以2013年1月至2016年6月在西安交通大学附属三二0一医院门诊及住院部接受治疗的老年骨质疏松症患者60例为研究对象,将60例患者按照接受治疗时间顺序分为观察组和对照组,每组30例。对照组给予钙尔奇D片治疗,观察组在对照组的基础之上加用依替膦酸二钠,两组治疗时间12个月。比较两组的疗效及安全性。结果:治疗后,观察组的股骨颈骨密度和腰椎骨密度均治疗前升高(P0.05),对照组治疗前与治疗后比较,差异无统计学意义(P 0.05);观察组治疗后的股骨颈和腰椎骨密度均高于对照组(P0.05)。治疗后,观察组的骨密度治疗显效率和总有效率均高于对照组(P0.05)。治疗后,观察组和对照组的视觉模拟评分法(VAS)评分均较治疗前降低(P0.05),观察组的VAS评分低于对照组,观察组的腰背疼痛治疗显效率及总有效率均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗后,观察组Trap-5b水平较治疗前下降(P0.05),观察组的Balp和对照组的Trap-5b和Balp水平较治疗前有下降趋势,但无差异无统计学意义(P0.05);观察组治疗后的Trap-5b水平均低于对照组(P0.05)。两组的不良反应发生率比较,观察组高于对照组(P0.05)。结论:依替膦酸二钠可有效改善老年性骨质疏松症患者的骨密度及骨疼痛,有效降低Trap-5b和Balp水平,抑制破骨过程,但不良反应发生率较高,临床需综合评估患者情况合理选择用药。     

胰岛素联合阿仑膦酸钠对2型糖尿病骨质疏松症患者骨代谢的影响

目的:研究胰岛素联合阿仑膦酸钠对2型糖尿病(T2DM)骨质疏松症患者骨代谢的影响。方法:选择从2010年1月到2015年7月在医院治疗的T2DM合并骨质疏松症患者208例纳入本次研究。依照随机数字表法将患者划分成单用胰岛素组(对照1组)、单用二甲双胍组(对照2组)、二甲双胍及阿仑膦酸钠组(对照3组)以及胰岛素及阿仑膦酸钠组(联合组)各52例,各组在常规补钙治疗的基础上分别给予对应治疗措施,比较各组治疗前后骨代谢相关指标,以及各组治疗过程中的不良反应。结果:组内相比,治疗后联合组的骨密度(BMD)、血清骨特异型碱性磷酸酶(BAP)及骨钙素(BGP)明显高于治疗前,人抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶5b(TRAP-5b)明显低于治疗前,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);而其他三组治疗前后的BMD、BAP、TRAP-5b和BGP相比,差异均不显著(P0.05)。组间相比,治疗后联合组的BMD、BAP及BGP明显高于其他三组,TRAP-5b明显低于其他三组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。各组的不良反应总发生率比较,差异均无统计学意义(均P0.05)。结论:利用胰岛素以及阿仑膦酸钠联合治疗T2DM合并骨质疏松症患者,具有较好的疗效,同时还可有效改善其骨代谢指标水平,值得在临床上予以推广。     

复方苦参注射液联合伊班膦酸钠治疗非小细胞肺癌骨转移癌疼痛的临床观察

目的：探讨复方苦参注射液联合伊班膦酸钠治疗非小细胞肺癌骨转移癌疼痛的临床观察。方法：选取宜昌市中心人民医院2010年3月至2012年3月收治的非小细胞肺癌骨转移患者98例,根据其治疗方式的不同,分为对照组和治疗组。对照组患者采用伊班膦酸钠进行治疗,治疗组患者采用复方苦参注射液联合伊班膦酸钠进行治疗,比较2组患者的近期疗效、疼痛缓解、KPS评分改善情况。结果：患者近期疗效比较结果显示,治疗组患者部分缓解的例数（百分比）及总有效率要明显优于对照组,且差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05）。治疗组Karnofsky评分改善的例数（百分比）要明显多余对照组,且差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05）。疼痛缓解情况比较分析显示,治疗组患者完全缓解例（百分比）及总的缓解率要明显优于对照组,且差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05）。2组患者不良反应发生情况差异无统计学意义（P＞0．05）。结论：复方苦参注射液联合伊班膦酸钠对非小细胞肺癌骨转移癌疼痛具有明显的作用,能够有效的减轻患者的疼痛,值得在临床上推广应用。     

罗盖全联合钙尔奇D治疗甲亢低骨量患者的疗效

为了探讨罗盖全联合钙尔奇D在治疗甲亢低骨量患者中的应用价值,本研究将100例甲亢低骨量患者随机分为两组,A组50例,碘131 (131I)治疗后服用钙尔奇D和罗盖全; B组50例,碘131 (131I)治疗后骨质自然恢复,C组20例为正常对照组。碘131(131I)治疗前及治疗后3个月、6个月和12个月时,测量各组骨密度的变化情况,评估治疗疗效。研究结果表明,A组的骨密度随着治疗时间延长而逐渐增加,腰椎(L2-4)治疗12个月后与C组相比无显著性差异(p0.05);B组腰椎(L2-4)在3个月后有所下降,12个月后明显增加(p=0.001);6个月后两组腰椎骨密度差异有统计学意义(p=0.023),12个月后差异更加明显(p=0.001)。本研究结果初步得出结论:碘131 (131I)联合钙尔奇D和罗盖全治疗的甲亢低骨量患者恢复时间和疗效优于单纯碘131 (131I)治疗,可有效防止骨量进一步减少,减少骨质疏松症的发生。     

甲亢低骨量患者131I治疗后干预治疗效果的评价

目的:研究甲亢低骨量患者131I治疗后干预治疗的效果.方法:对100例甲亢低骨量患者,随机分为两组:A组50例,131I治疗后口服钙尔奇D及罗盖全治疗;B组50例,131I治疗后骨质自然恢复.另设C组50例为正常对照组.于131I治疗前、治疗后3、6及12个月测定A、B两组骨密度(BMD),观察其骨质变化并评价治疗效果.结果:(1)A组随治疗时间延长BMD逐渐升高,具有一定的规律性,腰椎(L2-4)骨密度3个月提高明显(t=-2.111,P=-0.04)且12个月时达到与C组无统计学差异(t=-2.290,P=0.202).(2)B组3个月时腰椎BMD有所降低,12个月时升高明显(股骨颈t=-2.327,P=0.043;腰椎(L2-4)t=-2.798,P=0.000).(3)6个月时两组腰椎骨密度改善幅度出现统计学差异(t=-2.416,P=0.018),12个月时差异显著(t=-3.259,P=-0.002).结论:131I联合钙尔奇D与罗盖全治疗甲亢低骨量患者,其恢复时间及疗效均用131I治疗,能有效防止骨量的进一步下降及减少骨质疏松症的发生.     

甲亢低骨量患者~(131)I治疗后干预治疗效果的评价（英文）

目的:研究甲亢低骨量患者131I治疗后干预治疗的效果。方法:对100例甲亢低骨量患者,随机分为两组:A组50例,131I治疗后口服钙尔奇D及罗盖全治疗;B组50例,131I治疗后骨质自然恢复。另设C组50例为正常对照组。于131I治疗前、治疗后3、6及12个月测定A、B两组骨密度(BMD),观察其骨质变化并评价治疗效果。结果:(1)A组随治疗时间延长BMD逐渐升高,具有一定的规律性,腰椎(L2-4)骨密度3个月提高明显(t=-2.111,P=0.04)且12个月时达到与C组无统计学差异(t=-2.290,P=0.202)。(2)B组3个月时腰椎BMD有所降低,12个月时升高明显(股骨颈t=-2.327,P=0.043;腰椎(L2-4)t=-2.798,P=0.000)。(3)6个月时两组腰椎骨密度改善幅度出现统计学差异(t=-2.416,P=0.018),12个月时差异显著(t=-3.259,P=0.002)。结论:131I联合钙尔奇D与罗盖全治疗甲亢低骨量患者,其恢复时间及疗效均用131I治疗,能有效防止骨量的进一步下降及减少骨质疏松症的发生。     

独活寄生汤联合阿仑膦酸钠对骨质疏松症患者骨代谢指标、血液流变学以及血清炎症因子的影响

摘要 目的：探讨独活寄生汤联合阿仑膦酸钠对骨质疏松症患者骨代谢指标、血液流变学以及血清炎症因子的影响。方法：选取于2017年5月~2019年12月期间我院收治的113例骨质疏松症患者,根据随机数表法将患者分为对照组（n=56）和研究组（n=57）,对照组患者给予阿仑膦酸钠治疗,研究组在对照组的基础上联合独活寄生汤治疗,比较两组患者疗效、骨代谢指标、骨密度（BMD）、血液流变学以及血清炎症因子水平,记录两组治疗期间不良反应发生情况。结果：研究组治疗1个月后的临床总有效率为91.23%（52/57）,高于对照组的76.79%（43/56）（P<0.05）。治疗1个月后两组BMD、血清碱性磷酸酶（ALP）升高,且研究组较对照组高（P<0.05）;两组治疗1个月后血清磷（S-P）、血清钙（S-Ca）组间比较无差异（P>0.05）。治疗1个月后两组全血黏度低切、白介素-6（IL-6）、纤维蛋白原、肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）、全血黏度高切、白介素-1（IL-1）下降,且研究组低于对照组（P<0.05）。两组不良反应发生率比较无差异（P>0.05）。结论：骨质疏松症患者采用独活寄生汤联合阿仑膦酸钠治疗,疗效确切,可有效改善骨代谢、血液流变学以及血清炎症因子水平,且不增加不良反应发生率。     

甲亢低骨量患者131I治疗后干预治疗效果的评价

目的:研究甲亢低骨量患者131I治疗后干预治疗的效果。方法:对100例甲亢低骨量患者,随机分为两组:A组50例,131I治疗后口服钙尔奇D及罗盖全治疗;B组50例,131I治疗后骨质自然恢复。另设C组50例为正常对照组。于131I治疗前、治疗后3、6及12个月测定A、B两组骨密度(BMD),观察其骨质变化并评价治疗效果。结果:(1)A组随治疗时间延长BMD逐渐升高,具有一定的规律性,腰椎(L2-4)骨密度3个月提高明显(t=-2.111,P=0.04)且12个月时达到与C组无统计学差异(t=-2.290,P=0.202)。(2)B组3个月时腰椎BMD有所降低,12个月时升高明显(股骨颈t=-2.327,P=0.043;腰椎(L2-4)t=-2.798,P=0.000)。(3)6个月时两组腰椎骨密度改善幅度出现统计学差异(t=-2.416,P=0.018),12个月时差异显著(t=-3.259,P=0.002)。结论:131I联合钙尔奇D与罗盖全治疗甲亢低骨量患者,其恢复时间及疗效均用131I治疗,能有效防止骨量的进一步下降及减少骨质疏松症的发生。     

六种藓类植物茎的比较解剖学研究

通过对6种藓类植物,即褶叶青藓(Brachythecium salebrosum(Web.et Mohr.)B.S.G.)、湿地匐灯藓(Plagiomnium acutum(Lindb.)Kop.)、侧枝匐灯藓(Plagiomnium maximoviczii(Lindb.)Kop.)、大凤尾藓(Fissidensnobilis Griff.)、大羽藓(Thuidium cymbifolium(Doz.et Molk.)B.S.G.)和大灰藓(Hypnum plumaeforme Wils.)嫩茎和老茎的石蜡切片和显微观察发现,同一藓类植株的嫩茎和老茎,茎结构稳定,不同种藓类植物茎横切面具有不同特征.植物体茎横切面形状、表层细胞的层数、细胞大小和细胞壁厚薄、皮层细胞大小和形状、中轴的有无以及比例等特征可以作为藓类植物的分科分类依据之一.     

Photoregulation of seed germination of wild-type and of an aurea-mutant of tomato

Seed germination of an aurea mutant of tomato ( Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) is promoted by continuous irradiation with red, far-red or long-wavelength far-red (758 nm) light as well as by cyclic irradiations (5 min red or 5 min far-red/25 min darkness). Far-red light applied immediately after each red does not change the germination behaviour. Seed germination of the isogenic wild-type, cv. UC-105, is promoted by continuous and cyclic red light while it is inhibited by continuous and cyclic far-red light and by continious 758 nm irradiation. Far-red irradiation reverses almost completely the promoting effect of red light. The promoting effect (in the aurea mutant) and the inhibitory effect (in the wild-type) of continuous far-red light do not show photon fluence rate dependency above 20 nmol m⁻² s⁻¹. It is concluded that phytochrome controls tomato seed germination throgh low energy responses in both the wild type and the au mutant. The promoting effect of continuous and cyclic far-red light in the au mutant can be attributed to a greater sensitivity to P_fr.     

Cause of Senescence of Nine Sorts of Flowers

The levels of endogenous phytohormones and respiratory rate in nine sorts of flowers such as Cymbidium faberi Rolfe, Nopalxochia ackermannii Kunth and others were investigated both at full bloom and senescence and meanwhile the effect of exogenous phytohormones on prolonging the blossoms and promoting ethylene production were tested. There is a high content of endogenous ethylene in all the long-lived flowere, about 3–16 folds higer than the short-lived ones. There is a high level of ABA at full blooming flowers of short-lived flowers, in which there is no or only some cytokinins in it, but the ratio of CTK (6BA+zeatin)/ABA is smaller(l.7). The endogenous ABA reached a much higher level at senescence in all nine sorts of flowers, so it is reasonable to consider that it is ABA which plays an important role of regulation in controlling flower's senescence. There is a much higher level of GA3 and zeatin in the long-lived flowers which is not demonstrated in the shortlived ones. The respiratory rate is one of the factors controtling the longevity of flowers, but it does not play a decided role. Application of 6BA and zeatin prolongs distinctly orchid’s longevity, however exogenous IAA through the promotive action on ethylene production, evidently extends the longevity of the flowers of the Nopalxochia ackermannii Kunth.     

龙胆科药用植物化学成分的研究现状

龙胆科植物在我国的分布范围很广,且多数为药用植物,其多数种属的药用植物,至今其化学成分尚未被系统研究。综述了目前龙胆科药用植物的化学成分的研究现状及一般提取方法,对近年来发现的环烯醚萜及裂环烯醚萜类化合物进行了总结,为本科药用植物的更深入研究提供了参考。     

Interconnection of parameters of regulation system of lipid peroxidation and of morphophysiological parameters of mouse liver

A complex analysis of seasonal fluctuations of the mean group parameters of the system of regulation of lipid peroxidation has been performed in liver of Balb/c mice. Association of lipid characteristics and morphophysiological parameters is studied in the Balb/c mouse liver. An inter-connection is revealed between the liver index and the amount of lysoforms of phospholipids, the scale and character of the interconnection differing essentially depending on proportion of phos-phatidylcholine in mouse liver phospholipids.     

真菌类遗传学分析的知识结构教学

本文以认知结构理论为指导,讨论了真菌类遗传分析与高等动植物遗传分析的内在联系,认为利用这种内在联系进行教学可收到好的效果并说明了作者的具体教学过程。 Abstract:In the paper, the relationship between genetic analysis of Fungi and genetic analysis of high animal and plant was discussed.A good results were obtained when we adopted this method in the teaching.     

Physiological characteristics of various species of strains of carboxydobacteria

Seven strains of aerobic carbon monoxide-oxidizing bacteria (carboxydebacteria) when growing on CO as sole source of carbon and energy had doubling times which ranged from 12–42 h. The activity profiles obtained after discontinuous sucrose density gradient centrifugation indicated that the CO-oxidizing enzymes are soluble and the hydrogenases are membrane-bound in all strains examined. The CO-oxidizing enzymes of Pseudomonas carboxydohydrogena, Pseudomonas carboxydoflava, Comamonas compransoris, and the so far unidentified strains OM2, OM3, and OM4 had a molecular weight of 230,000; that of Achromobacter carboxydus amounted to 170,000. The molecular weights of the CO-oxidizing and H₂-oxidizing enzymes turned out to be identical. The cell sonicates were shown to catalyze the oxidation of both CO and H₂ with methylene blue, thionine, phenazine methosulfate, toluylene blue, dichlorophenolindophenol, cytochrome c or ferricyanide as electron acceptors. Methyl viologen, benzyl viologen, FAD⁺, FMN⁺, and NAD(P)⁺ were not reduced. The spectrum of electron acceptors was identical for all strains tested. Neither free formate, hydrogen nor oxygen gas were involved in the CO-oxidation reaction. Methylene blue was reduced by CO at a 1:1 molar ratio. The results indicate that CO-oxidation by carboxydobacteria is catalyzed by identical or similar enzymes and that the reaction obeys the equation CO+H₂OCO₂+2H⁺+2e^- as previously shown for Pseudomonas carboxydovorans.Dedicated to Otto Kandler remembering almost three decades of enjoyable cooperation     

The effects of glutamine of the maintenance of embryogenic cultures of Cryptomeria japonica

Summary Embryogenic tissues of sugi (Cryptomeria japonica) were induced on a modified Campbell and Durzan (CD) medium containing 1 μM 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and 600 mg l⁻¹ glutamine, and subcultured in the medium of the same composition for over 1 yr. This resulted in a mixed culture of embryogenic and non-embryogenic cells. When embryogenic cells were isolated and cultured independently, their capacity to form embryogenic aggregates was lost. Thus, the non-embryogenic cells present within a mixed culture system were essential to the formation of embryogenic aggregates. When embryogenic tissues were isolated and cultured independently on a high glutamine-containing (2400 mg l⁻¹) medium, dry weights and endogenous levels of glutamine increased, and the tissue could generate a large number of embryogenic aggregates. Amino acid analysis of embryogenic and non-embryogenic cells from the maintenance culture indicated a higher level of glutamine was present in the latter. The high endogenous level of glutamine in the non-embryogenic portion of mixed cell masses may be the supplier of glutamine for maintaining the embryogenic property of the tissues.