广东古田自然保护区蝶类群落多样性

2014—2015年对广东省惠东古田省级自然保护区的蝶类开展调查,对蝶类群落的种类组成及多样性特征进行了分析。共调查到蝶类8科39属54种,优势种为宽边黄粉蝶[Eurema hecabe(Linnaeus)]、绢斑蝶[Parantica aglea(Stoll)]、中环蛱蝶[Neptis hylas(Linnaeus)]、异型紫斑蝶[Euploea mulciber(Cramer)]和虎斑蝶[Danaus genutia(Cramer)]。多样性分析结果表明:蛱蝶科的Margalef物种丰度最高,其次为凤蝶科和眼蝶科,斑蝶科和蚬蝶科最低;Shannon多样性指数从高到低依次为蛱蝶科、凤蝶科、眼蝶科、弄蝶科、灰蝶科、粉蝶科、斑蝶科和蚬蝶科;斑蝶科的Pielou均匀度指数最高,其次为蚬蝶科和眼蝶科;Simpson生态优势度最高的是蚬蝶科,其次是粉蝶科和斑蝶科。     

东莞莲花山自然保护区蝴蝶资源的研究

本文根据2001、2002年的调查结果,记述了东莞莲花山自然保护区的蝴蝶9科39属60种,分析了不同季节蝴蝶优势种的特点.结果表明,在2001年中以6月份的蝴蝶种类最多为34种,9月、4月、12月则分别为18、14、2种;全年中的优势种为报喜斑粉蝶Delias pasithoe(Linnaeus)、绢斑蝶Parantica agleaphormis(Fruhstorfer)、蓝点紫斑蝶Euploeamidamus(Linnaeus)、巴黎翠凤蝶Papilio paris paris Linnaeus和宽边黄粉蝶Eurema hecabe(Linnaeus).     

A STUDY OF THE GENUS POLΥOMMATUS LATREILLE (LEPIDOPTERA, LYCAENIDAE) FROM CHANGBAI MOUNTAINS,WITH A NEWLY RECORDED SPECIES FROM CHINA

记述长白山区眼灰蝶属4种,其中兹眼灰蝶Polyommatus tsvetaevi (Kurentzov,1970)为中国新纪录种,编制分种检索表,提供成虫照片和外生殖器特征图.因阿眼灰蝶Polyommatus amanda和酷眼灰蝶Polyommatus semiargus在长白山的亚种名均为amurensis,因此,amurensis Tutt,1909就成为amurensis(Staudinger,1892)的次同名,需要提出替代名Polyommatus semiargus changbaishanensis nom.nov.     

长白山区眼灰蝶属(鳞翅目,灰蝶科)研究和中国一新纪录种

记述长白山区眼灰蝶属4种,其中兹眼灰蝶Polyommatus tsvetaevi(Kurentzov,1970)为中国新纪录种,编制分种检索表,提供成虫照片和外生殖器特征图。因阿眼灰蝶Polyommatus amanda和酷眼灰蝶Polyommatus semiargus在长白山的亚种名均为amurensis,因此,amurensis Tutt,1909就成为amurensis(Staudinger,1892)的次同名,需要提出替代名Polyommatus semiargus changbaishanensis nom.nov.     

中国巴蝶蛉属分类研究(脉翅目,蝶蛉科)

对中国巴蝶蛉属Balmes Navás,1910进行了分类研究和厘定,确认巴蝶蛉属中国有5种:滇缅蝶蛉Balmes birmanus Maclachlan,集昆蝶蛉Balmes chikuni sp.nov.,丽东蝶蛉Balmes formosus(Kuwayama),显赫蝶蛉Balmes notabilis Navás和川贵蝶蛉Balmes terissinus Navás.提供了这5个种的修订名录及分种检索表,对新种进行了描述,附形态特征影像.     

中国稻弄蝶属三个亲缘种的幼期鉴别

一、前言 稻弄蝶属的种类是国内、外有名的稻作大害虫,笔者(1964)在《中国稻弄蝶属的种类及其地理分布(第一部分:成虫)》一文中曾对稻弄蝶(直纹稻弄蝶)(Parnara guttata Bre∈er et Grey)、曲纹稻弄蝶(P.ganga Evans)和么纹稻弄蝶东亚亚种(P.naso badaMoore)三个亲缘种的翅面斑纹的变异幅度与雌蝶的鉴别特征及其在我国境内的分布概况作了一些阐述。 关于稻弄蝶属种类的幼期(卵、幼虫、蛹)形态特征,除稻弄蝶一种曾有一些简略的记述外,尚未见有有系统的种间形态比较研究报道。但是害稻弄蝶幼期形态的识别,不仅对该属害虫的生物学研究以及探索该类昆虫的种群演化等方面都是需要首先探明的,尤其在农业生产第一线上更是一项迫切需要解决的课题。为此,笔者在1963及1964两年曾至川、黔、湘、桂、粤、闽、浙、赣等省部分稻区,采集调查,饲养观察。现将所得资料整理如下,供作参考。     

花弄蝶亚科——中国新纪录属和新纪录种(鳞翅目,弄蝶科)(英文)

记述花弄蝶亚科Pyrginac一中国新纪录属、种,即卡弄蝶属Carcharodus、花卡弄蝶C.flocciferus(Zeller,1847),提供了成虫外形照片及雄性外生殖器图,并作了描述.     

中国蝴蝶一属四种新纪录(鳞翅目:锤角亚目)(英文)

报道中国蝴蝶新纪录1属4种:新纪录属为索灰蝶属Suasa de Nicéville,1890;新纪录种为弄蝶科的纹毛弄蝶Darpa striata(H.Druce,1873)、蛱蝶科的米纹黛眼蝶Lethe minerva(Fabricius,1775)、灰蝶科的帝娆灰蝶Arhopala dispar Rileyet Godfrey,1921和哈燕灰蝶Rapala hades(de Nicéville,1895),并附简要描述对比及野外观察记录。     

中国蝶类2属7种新记录(鳞翅目:锤角亚目)

本文报道产于云南南部的中国蝴蝶2个新记录属及7个新记录种:新记录属为奕弄蝶属Iton de Niceéville, 1895和帕米灰蝶属Pamela Hemming, 1935;新记录种为弄蝶科Hesperiidae的素绿弄蝶Choaspes subcaudatus(C.&R. Felder, 1867)、沃氏奕弄蝶Iton watsonii(de Nicéville, 1890)、暗色梳翅弄蝶Ctenoptilum multiguttatum de Nicéville,1890和马氏陀弄蝶Thoressa masoni(Moore,[1879]),灰蝶科Lycaenidae的雅燕灰蝶Rapala duma(Hewitson, 1878)和帕米灰蝶Pamela dudgeonii(de Nicéville, 1894),蛱蝶科Nymphalidae的坎带蛱蝶Athyma kanwa Moore, 1858。所有种类附简要描述。     

中国大弄蝶属一新种及一新纪录种(鳞翅目,弄蝶科)

记述大弄蝶属1新种:Capila pseudomeia sp.nov.,中国1新纪录种Capila phainiaeus.编制了中国大弄蝶属分种检索表.模式标本保存于中山大学昆虫标本室.肖眉大弄蝶,新种Capila pseudomeia sp.nov.新种酷似峨眉大弄蝶C.omeia Leech,其主要区别是前翅中央的白斑大(至少是后者的2倍),且彼此以翅脉相连;雄性生殖器的阳茎、抱器均有很大的不同.正模♂,广东连县大东山,1992-09-03～08;副模1♀,广东连县大东山,1994-09-06,何梅采.醒纹大弄蝶Capila phanaeus(Hewitson,1867) New record to China鉴定标本:云南勐腊,1994-04-15,王敏、范骁凌采.     

Simultaneous measurement of the trace elements Al, As, B, Be, Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, Li, Mn, Mo, Ni, Rb, Se, Sr, and Zn in human serum and their reference ranges by ICP-MS

The goal of this article was to establish reference ranges of the concentration of trace elements in human serum and to compare these results with those reported by other authors. We describe the sample preparation and measurement conditions that allow the rapid, precise, and accurate determination of Al, As, B, Be, Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, Li, Mn, Mo, Ni, Rb, Se, Sr, and Zn in human serum samples (n=110) by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Accuracy and precision were determined by analyzing three reconstituted reference serum samples by comparison with other methods and by the standard addition procedure. The advantages of the ICP-MS method include short time of analysis of the elements mentioned, low detection limit, high precision, and high accuracy. Disadventages include a high risk of contamination due to the presence of some of the elements of interest in the environment, the relatively delicate sample handling, and the high cost of the equipment.     

Distribution of N,P, K,Ca, Mg,S, Zn,Fe, Mn and Cu in groundnut

Summary Concentration of N, P, K, Ca, Mg and S in summer groundnut crop was higher than in kharif while Zn, Fe, Mn and Cu contents were higher in summer crop. Kernel's N, P and Zn; Leaflet's Ca and Mn; Stem's K and Fe; Root's S and Cu and Petiole's Mg contents were highest. Shell's N, P, K, Mg, S, Zn and Cu; Kernel's Ca, Fe and Mn contents were the least. N, P, K, S, Zn and Cu concentrations decreased linearly as the crop grew. Ca, Mg, Fe and Mn concentrations did not display any distinct pattern. Ca concentration was positively correlated with pod yield in both the seasons.     

Crystal structure, detonation performance, and thermal stability of a new polynitro cage compound: 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15-nonanitro-2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15-nonaazaheptacyclo [5.5.1.13, 11. 15, 9] pentadecane

A new polynitro cage compound 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15-nonanitro-2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15-nonaazaheptcyclo [5.5.1.1(3,11).1(5,9)] pentadecane (NNNAHP) was designed in the present work. Its molecular structure was optimized at the B3LYP/6-31 G(d,p) level of density functional theory (DFT) and crystal structure was predicted using the Compass and Dreiding force fields and refined by DFT GGA-RPBE method. The obtained crystal structure of NNNAHP belongs to the P-1 space group and the lattice parameters are a = 9.99 ?, b = 10.78 ?, c = 9.99 ?, α = 90.01°, β = 120.01°, γ = 90.00°, and Z = 2, respectively. Based on the optimized crystal structure, the band gap, density of state, thermodynamic properties, infrared spectrum, strain energy, detonation characteristics, and thermal stability were predicted. Calculation results show that NNNAHP has detonation properties close to those of CL-20 and is a high energy density compound with moderate stability.     

Reference values for the concentrations of As,Cd, Co,Cr, Cu,Fe, I,Hg, Mn,Mo, Ni,Pb, Se,and Zn in selected human tissues and body fluids

This report attempts to formulate reference ranges of elemental concentrations for 15 trace elements in selected human tissues and body fluids. A set of samples consisting of whole blood, blood serum, urine, milk, liver, and hair were chosen and considered for 15 elements of biological significance: As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, F, Fe, I, Hg, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Se, and Zn. The results represent wholly or partially data received from 40 countries of the global regions of Africa, Asia, Europe, North, South, and Central America, Australia, and New Zealand. This survey, even if qualitative, has been useful in demonstrating certain trends of trace-element scenarios around the world. It is of course recognized that both diet and environment exert a strong influence on the distribution pattern of several elements, such as As, Cd, Mn, Pb, Se, and Zn. A limited comparison of the available information on soil status of different countries reflected some interesting associations for elements, such as Mn and Zn. Importantly, this study revealed that only a few countries were in a position to identify a reasonable amount of data on samples requested for this project. Regretably, for a number of countries, any dependable data for even such essential elements as Cu, Fe, and Zn were not available. In view of the nutritional importance of many elements, the time is ripe for concerted efforts by intergovernmental agencies to initiate investigations or commission task forces/projects to generate reliable reference data for selected global regions, which sadly lack data of any kind at present.     

Relations of the Al,B, Ba,Br, Ca,Cl, Cu,Fe, K,Li, Mg,Mn, Na,P, S,Si, Sr,and Zn mass fractions to morphometric parameters in pediatric and nonhyperplastic young adult prostate glands

The variation with age of the 18 trace element mass fractions and some histological characteristics of intact prostate glands of 50 subjects aged 0–30 years was investigated by instrumental neutron activation analysis, inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry, and a quantitative morphometric analysis. Mean values ± standard error of the mean (M ± SΕΜ) for the mass fractions (in milligrams per kilogram wet tissue) of these trace elements in pre-puberty were: Al 28.5 ± 9.0, B 0.40 ± 0.11, Ba 1.48 ± 0.44, Br 10.5 ± 1.5, Ca 241 ± 30, Cl 3,203 ± 278, Cu 3.51 ± 0.89, Fe 33.7 ± 4.1, K 2,364 ± 145, Li 0.020 ± 0.004, Mg 153 ± 23, Mn 0.46 ± 0.06, Na 2,286 ± 130, P 1,391 ± 100, S 1,698 ± 132, Si 62 ± 11, Sr 0.38 ± 0.08, and Zn 27.6 ± 2.3. During puberty and postpuberty, when there is a significant increase in circulating androgens, the mean values were: Al 7.2 ± 1.4, B 0.21 ± 0.05, Ba 0.25 ± 0.06, Br 5.8 ± 1.0, Ca 433 ± 81, Cl 2,314 ± 201, Cu 1.77 ± 0.13, Fe 20.9 ± 1.6, K 2,585 ± 118, Li 0.0088 ± 0.0014, Mg 232 ± 27, Mn 0.34 ± 0.04, Na 1,875 ± 107, P 1,403 ± 98, S 1,673 ± 73, Si 22.2 ± 3.1, Sr 0.22 ± 0.03, and Zn 93.3 ± 8.9. Mean values (M ± SΕΜ) of percent volumes (%) of the stroma, epithelium and lumen in the prostate before puberty were 73.4 ± 2.6, 20.4 ± 1.7, and 4.45 ± 0.94, respectively, versus 46.5 ± 2.5, 38.5 ± 1.9, and 14.9 ± 1.2 during puberty and postpuberty. This work’s results confirm that the Zn mass fraction in prostate tissue is an androgen-dependent parameter. For the first time it has been demonstrated that the glandular lumen is a main pool of Ca, Mg, and Zn accumulation and that the stroma is a main pool of Al, B, Ba, Br, Cl, Cu, Fe, Mn, Na, and Si accumulation in the normal human prostate, for the age range 0–30 years. It was concluded that the Ca, Mg, and Zn binds tightly within the prostatic fluid, because the volume of glandular lumen reflects the volume of prostatic fluid.     

The Effect of Age and Gender on Al, B, Ba, Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Li, Mg, Mn, Na, P, S, Sr, V, and Zn Contents in Rib Bone of Healthy Humans

The effect of age and gender on major, minor, and trace element contents in the intact rib bone of 80 relatively healthy 15–55-year-old women and men was investigated. Contents or upper limit of contents of 16 chemical elements in the rib bone were determined by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES). Mean values (M?±?SΕΜ) for the mass fraction of Ba, Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Li, Mg, Na, P, S, Sr, and Zn (milligram per kilogram of dry bone) were as follows: 2.54?±?0.16, 171,400?±?4,050, 1.35?±?0.22, 140?±?11, 1,874?±?71, 0.049?±?0.011, 2,139?±?38, 5,378?±?88, 75,140?±?1,660, 1,881?±?51, 291?±?20, and 92.8?±?1.5, respectively. The upper limits of contents of Al, B, Mn, and V were <7.20, <0.65, <0.36, and <0.03, respectively. Statistically significant tendency for the Ca, Mg, and P content to decrease with age was found in the human rib bone, regardless of gender. The mass fraction of Fe in the male rib bone increases with age. It was shown that higher Ca, Mg, Na, P, and Sr mass fractions as well as lower Fe content were typical of female ribs as compared to those in male ribs.     

Monovalent Cation Permeation through the Connexin40 Gap Junction Channel : Cs,Rb, K,Na, Li,TEA, TMA,TBA, and Effects of Anions Br,Cl, F,Acetate, Aspartate,Glutamate, and NO3

The unitary conductances and permeability sequences of the rat connexin40 (rCx40) gap junction channels to seven monovalent cations and anions were studied in rCx40-transfected neuroblastoma 2A (N2A) cell pairs using the dual whole cell recording technique. Chloride salt cation substitutions (115 mM principal salt) resulted in the following junctional maximal single channel current-voltage relationship slope conductances (γ_j in pS): CsCl (153), RbCl (148), KCl (142), NaCl (115), LiCl (86), TMACl (71), TEACl (63). Reversible block of the rCx40 channel was observed with TBA. Potassium anion salt γ_j are: Kglutamate (160), Kacetate (160), Kaspartate (158), KNO₃ (157), KF (148), KCl (142), and KBr (132). Ion selectivity was verified by measuring reversal potentials for current in rCx40 gap junction channels with asymmetric salt solutions in the two electrodes and using the Goldman-Hodgkin-Katz equation to calculate relative permeabilities. The permeabilities relative to Li⁺ are: Cs⁺ (1.38), Rb⁺ (1.32), K⁺ (1.31), Na⁺ (1.16), TMA⁺ (0.53), TEA⁺ (0.45), TBA⁺ (0.03), Cl⁻ (0.19), glutamate⁻ (0.04), and NO₃− (0.14), assuming that the monovalent anions permeate the channel by forming ion pairs with permeant monovalent cations within the pore thereby causing proportionate decreases in the channel conductance. This hypothesis can account for why the predicted increasing conductances with increasing ion mobilities in an essentially aqueous channel were not observed for anions in the rCx40 channel. The rCx40 effective channel radius is estimated to be 6.6 Å from a theoretical fit of the relationship of relative permeability and cation radius.     

Caprine blood groups. 2. The C,G, H,I, J,K, L,N, and Q systems

Nine blood group systems of goats were identified using 12 caprine reagents produced by absorption of alloimmune antisera. The caprine C blood group system, possibly homologous to the ovine C blood group system, was characterized by two reagents and shown to be controlled by three alleles,C ¹²,C ²⁵, andC ⁻. A more complex blood group system of goats, designated G, was identified using three reagents and shown to be controlled by six codominant alleles (G ^10.19.20,G ^10.19,G ^10.20,G ¹⁰,G ¹⁹,G ²⁰) and a recessive allele (G ⁻). A further seven one-factor two-allelic systems were identified by seven reagents. The nine genetic systems provided exclusion probabilities of 0.479, 0.492, 0.548, and 0.572 in Australian Angora, Dairy, Cashmere, and Texan Angora goat breeds, respectively. This work was supported by a grant from the Australian Stud Book, Alison Road, Randwick, New South Wales 2031, Australia.