中国细长蚁属系统分类研究(膜翅目,蚁科)

在中国记载细长蚁属Tetraponera F. Smith昆虫13种,其中在云南省描述5新种,报道中国1新纪录种.编制了工蚁的分种检索表.评论了该属中国种类的分类历史.13个已知种依次是红黑细长蚁T.rufonigra(Jerdon),凹唇细长蚁T.concava sp.nov.,宾氏细长蚁T.binghami(Forel),狭唇细长蚁T.attenuata F.Smith,显赫细长蚁T.notabilis Ward,光亮细长蚁T.nitida(F.Smith),隆背细长蚁T.convexa sp.nov.,榕细长蚁T.microcarpa Wu et Wang,叉唇细长蚁T.furcata sp.nov.,尖唇细长蚁T.protensa sp.nov.,飘细长蚁T.allaborans(Walker),无缘细长蚁T.amargina sp.nov,平静细长蚁T.modesta(F.Smith).显赫细长蚁T.notabilis Ward为中国新纪录种.     

中国云南臭蚁属二新种记述 (膜翅目:蚁科)

描述了中国云南省南部热带雨林臭蚁属Dolichoderus Lund 2新种.目前为止已在中国记载该属昆虫10种:西伯利亚臭蚁D.sibiricus Emery、鞍背臭蚁D.sagmanotus Xu,sp.nov.、费氏臭蚁D.feae Emery、黑腹臭蚁D.taprobanae(Smith)、平背臭蚁D.flatidorsus Zhou、毛臭蚁D.pilosus Zhou、邻臭蚁D.affinis Emery、凹头臭蚁D.incisus Xu、黑可可臭蚁D.thoracicus(Smith)、鳞结臭蚁D.squamanodus Xu,sp.nov..提供了10个中国已知种的工蚁分种检索表.     

中国云南溴蚊属二新种记述（膜翅目：蚁科）

描述了中国云南省南部热带雨林臭蚁属Dolichoderus Lund 2新种。目前为止巳在中国记载该属昆虫10种：西伯利亚臭蚁D.sibiricus Emery、鞍背臭蚁D.sagmanotus Xu,sp.nov.、费氏臭蚁D.feae Emery、黑腹臭蚁D.taprobanae(Smith)、平背臭蚁D.flatidorsus Zhou、毛臭蚁D.pilosus Zhou、邻臭蚁D.affinis Emery、凹头臭蚁D.incisus Xu、黑可可臭蚁D.thoracicus (Smith)、鳞结臭蚁D.squamanodus Xu,sp.nov.。提供了10个中国巳知种的工蚁分布检索表。     

中国细蚁亚科系统分类研究（膜翅目：蚁科）

记载中国细蚁亚科Leptanillinae昆虫2属。报道细蚁属Leptanilla Emery 3种：湖南细蚁L. hunanensis Tang, Li et Chen分布于湖南省,台湾细蚁L.taiwanensis Ogata, Terayama et Masuko分布于台湾省,云南细蚁L.yunnanensis sp.nov.分布于云南省。原细蚁属Protanilla Taylor为中国新记录属,在云南省采集并描述该属2新种：单色原细蚁P.concolor sp.nov.和双色原细蚁P.bicolor sp.nov.。编制了细蚁亚科这2属的工蚁分属检索表和中国分布种工蚁分种检索表。     

中国钝猛蚁属系统分类研究(膜翅目:蚁科)

研究了钝猛蚁属Amblyopone Erichson的中国种类,描述云南省2新种。目前为止在中国已知该属昆虫7种,布农钝猛蚁A.bruni(Forel),酒井钝猛蚁A.sakaii Terayama分布于台湾省 ;西氏钝猛蚁A.silvestrii(Wheeler)分布于台湾省和浙江省;罗思尼钝猛蚁A.rothneyi Forel分布于澳门;褐红钝猛蚁A.rubiginoa Wu et Wang分布于湖南省;三叶钝猛蚁A.triloba sp.nov.细齿钝猛蚁A.crenata.sp.nov.分布于云南省,提供了东亚和南亚地区该属已知13个种的工蚁检索表。     

中国圆鳞蚁属一新种记述（膜翅目∶蚁科）

在中国云南省西双版纳自然保护区采集到圆鳞蚁属Ｅｐｉｔｒｉｔｕｓ Ｅｍｅｒｙ１新各：大禹圆鳞蚁Ｅ．ｄａｙｕｉ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．。至此中国已知该属昆虫４种：六节圆鳞蚁Ｅ．ｈｅｘｄａｍｅｒｕｓ Ｂｒｏｗｎ，台湾圆鳞蚁Ｅ．ｆｏｒｍｏｓｕｓ Ｔｅｒａｙａｎａ，Ｌｉｎ ｅｔ Ｗｕ，平岛圆鳞蚁Ｅ．ｈｉｒａｓｈｉｍａｉ Ｏｇａｔａ和大禹圆鳞蚁Ｅ．ｄａｙｕｉ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．。文中编制了中国圆鳞蚁属４个已知种工蚁和雌蚁     

喜马拉雅地区红矛猛蚁Myopopone castanea (Smith)记述

矛猛蚁属Myopopone Roger分布于东洋界和马来西亚界,目前为止该属仅知1种:红矛猛蚁M.castanea (Smith).首次在中国西藏记录到红矛猛蚁的分布,并系统记述了矛猛蚁属的特征、红矛猛蚁工蚁和蚁后的特征,提供了详尽的测量数据和插图.     

中国多刺蚁属驼背亚属系统分类研究（膜翅目：蚁科）

记述了在云南省南部西双版纳自然保护区热带雨林区域采集到的多刺蚁属Polyrhachis Smith驼背亚属Cyrtomyrma Forel 5新种：方肩多刺蚁P. (C.) cornihumera sp. Nov.,齿肩多刺蚁P. (C.) dentihumera sp. Nov.,圆肩多刺蚁P. (C.) orbihumera sp. Nov.,圆顶多刺蚁P. (C.) rotoccipita sp. Nov.,短胸多刺蚁P. (C.) brevicorpa sp. Nov.。目前为止在中国和中南半岛记载该亚属13种,其中中国已知9种。提供了中国和中南半岛已知13种的检索表。     

中国稀切叶蚁属系统分类研究(膜翅目,蚁科)

记载中国稀切中蚁属Oligomsrmex Mayr18种,其中描述8新种。分别编制了兵蚁和工蚁的检索表。评论了该属中国种类的分类历史。18个已知种依是卷须稀切叶蚁O.capreolus Wheeler,高结稀切叶蚁O.altinodus sp.nov,弯刺稀切叶蚁O.curvispinus sp.nov,条纹稀切叶蚁O.striatus sp.nov,尖刺稀切叶蚁O.acutispinus sp.nov,惠勒稀切叶蚁O.wheeleri Ettershank,钝齿稀切叶蚁O.obtusi-dentus sp.nov,双角稀切叶蚁O.bihornatus sp.nov,多音稀切叶蚁O.polyphemus Wheeler,邵氏稀切叶蚁O.sauteri Forel,香港稀切叶蚁O.taiponicus Wheeler,直背稀切叶蚁O.rectidorsus sp.nov,湖南稀切叶蚁O.hunanensis Wu et Wang,纹头稀切叶蚁O.reticapitus sp.nov,拟亮稀切叶蚁O.pseudolusciosus Wu et Wang,光亮稀切叶蚁O.lusciosus Wheeler,江西稀切叶蚁O.jiangxiensis Wu et Wang,阿美稀切叶蚁O.amius Forel。     

中国囊蚁蛉族一新纪录属及一新纪录种（脉翅目：蚁蛉科）

记述蚁蛉科Myrmeleontidae囊蚁蛉族Myrmecaelurini中国1新纪录属:幻蚁蛉属Lopezus,以及中国1新纪录种:飞幻蚁蛉Lopezus fedtschenkoi。     

红火蚁在中国的分布区预测

利用CLIMEX和GARP生态位模型2种方法对红火蚁在中国大陆的潜在分布区进行了分析预测。结果表明该虫在中国东南部的广大地区均可能适生或造成危害,其自然扩散的北界可能达到山东、天津、河北南部和山西南部。     

Influence of urbanization on ant distribution in parks of Tokyo and Chiba City,Japan I. Analysis of ant species richness

To investigate how progressive urbanization influences the distribution of ant species in cities, I compared the ant species richness in urban parks of different areas and ages of Tokyo, the most intensively developed urban region in Japan, and its developing neighbor, Chiba City. A total of 43 ant species were found from 98 parks. Multiple regression analysis revealed that park area and age had a positive effect on the number of ant species in the parks and that the parks in Tokyo contained fewer species than did comparable parks in Chiba. Thus, the progression of urbanization reduces ant species richness in urban parks, most likely because it isolates the parks from the surrounding area. Next, in order to examine the relationships between the types of landform modification and the ant distribution in urban areas, I compared the ant species richness in urban parks of Chiba City among different landform types (upland + terraces, lowlands, cut and fill, banking, and reclamation). This study showed that the parks in the reclaimed lands and lowlands contained fewer ant species than did parks in other areas. The reason for this decline of ant fauna is discussed.     

中国蚂蚁丰富度地理分布格局及其与环境因子的关系

物种丰富度分布格局及其形成机制的研究对于生物多样性保护具有重要意义。为了了解中国蚂蚁物种丰富度分布格局,利用中国省级尺度蚂蚁物种分布数据和环境信息,结合GIS和数理统计方法,探讨蚂蚁物种丰富度的地理分布格局与环境因子之间的关系。研究结果表明:(1)蚂蚁丰富度随纬度增加呈逐渐递减趋势,但缺乏显著的经度梯度。丰富度最高的地区主要集中在南方省份,我国北方、西北干旱区和青藏高原北部地区丰富度较低;(2)简单线性回归分析表明,能量、水分和季节性因素中,影响蚂蚁物种丰富度最强的因子分别为最冷月均温(TEMmin)(R2adj=0.532)、年均降水量(PREC)(R2adj=0.376)和年温度变化范围(TEMvar)(R2adj=0.539),而单个生境异质性因子对蚂蚁物种丰富度的影响均不显著;(3)最优模型由年均温(TEM)、海拔变化范围(ELErange)和年温度变化范围(TEMvar)组成,能够解释68.4%的蚂蚁丰富度地理分异。鉴于海拔变化范围更多地反映与温度相关的生境异质性,因此温度是限制中国蚂蚁分布的最重要因素。另外,分析结果还表明,海南、贵州、江西、四川、安徽和山西等6省蚂蚁区系调查最不充分,是未来发现蚂蚁新分布的热点地区。     

Evaluating the invasion risk of longhorn crazy ants (Paratrechina longicornis) in South Korea using spatial distribution model

The longhorn crazy ant (Paratrechina longicornis) is a globally distributed ant species with a high invasion risk, suggesting the need to use species distribution modeling to evaluate its potential distribution. Therefore, this study aimed to predict the potential distribution of longhorn crazy ants in response to climate change by using CLIMEX and Maxent and identifying the climatic factors that influence their habitat. Then, the model outcomes were used to construct an ensemble map to evaluate invasion risk in South Korea. The results indicated that temperature-related variables mainly affect the distribution of the longhorn crazy ant, and the two models showed consensus regions in South America, Africa, Australia, and Southeast Asia. Due to climate change, it was expected that the northern limit would somewhat rise. In South Korea, high-risk areas were predicted to be located along the coasts, but they would expand as a consequence of climate change. Since the invasion of longhorn crazy ants has occurred via commercial trades, a relatively high risk in coastal areas demands a high level of attention. We expect that this study will provide initial insight into selecting areas for longhorn crazy ant quarantine with ensemble species distribution modeling.     

Propagule pressure and colony social organization are associated with the successful invasion and rapid range expansion of fire ants in China

We characterized patterns of genetic variation in populations of the fire ant Solenopsis invicta in China using mitochondrial DNA sequences and nuclear microsatellite loci to test predictions as to how propagule pressure and subsequent dispersal following establishment jointly shape the invasion success of this ant in this recently invaded area. Fire ants in Wuchuan (Guangdong Province) are genetically differentiated from those found in other large infested areas of China. The immediate source of ants in Wuchuan appears to be somewhere near Texas, which ranks first among the southern USA infested states in the exportation of goods to China. Most colonies from spatially distant, outlying areas in China are genetically similar to one another and appear to share a common source (Wuchuan, Guangdong Province), suggesting that long‐distance jump dispersal has been a prevalent means of recent spread of fire ants in China. Furthermore, most colonies at outlier sites are of the polygyne social form (featuring multiple egg‐laying queens per nest), reinforcing the important role of this social form in the successful invasion of new areas and subsequent range expansion following invasion. Several analyses consistently revealed characteristic signatures of genetic bottlenecks for S. invicta populations in China. The results of this study highlight the invasive potential of this pest ant, suggest that the magnitude of international trade may serve as a predictor of propagule pressure and indicate that rates and patterns of subsequent range expansion are partly determined by the interplay between species traits and the trade and transportation networks.     

Rainfall facilitates the spread, and time alters the impact, of the invasive Argentine ant

Climate change may exacerbate invasions by making conditions more favorable to introduced species relative to native species. Here we used data obtained during a long-term biannual survey of the distribution of ant species in a 481-ha preserve in northern California to assess the influence of interannual variation in rainfall on the spread of invasive Argentine ants, Linepithema humile, and the displacement of native ant species. Since the survey began in 1993, Argentine ants have expanded their range into 74 new hectares. Many invaded hectares were later abandoned, so the range of Argentine ants increased in some years and decreased in others. Rainfall predicted both range expansion and interannual changes in the distribution of Argentine ants: high rainfall, particularly in summer months, promoted their spread in the summer. This suggests that an increase in rainfall will promote a wider distribution of Argentine ants and increase their spread into new areas in California. Surprisingly, the distribution of two native ant species also increased following high rainfall, but only in areas of the preserve that were invaded by L. humile. Rainfall did not have a negative impact on total native ant species richness in invaded areas. Instead, native ant species richness in invaded areas increased significantly over the 13 years of observation. This suggests that the impact of Argentine ants on naïve ant communities may be most severe early in the invasion process.     

Factors influencing the distribution of nests of the Argentine ant Linepithema humile Mayr (hymenoptera: formicidae), in a foothills ecosystem of the central zone of Chile

The purpose of this research was to demonstrate the dependant relationship between the Argentine ant Linepithema humile Mayr, plant coverage, and human settlements. A method was designed in order to sample the presence of the Argentine ant and other ant species that may had influenced L. humile distribution, under different types of vegetation and percentages of plant coverage, taking in consideration the distance from human settlements. Eight sample stations were established. Four of these stations were found on a dwelling home and the other four were found on similar areas, but far from human settlements. Three transects were established from the center of each sampling station (Tt1, shrublike vegetation, Tt2, herblike vegetation and Tt3, no vegetation). Transects were compound by 10 m side quadrants. A negative correlation was found between nest number of L. humile and human settlement distance, therefore nests were not found at distances higher than 80 m, in all studied areas. There was a positive and significant correlation between nest number of L. humile and plant coverage percentage, regardless the type of vegetation found. The same trend was found for other ant species studied in the area. Finally, it was proved that the distribution of L. humile nests is not influenced by other ant species.     

中国和美国红火蚁毒腺生物碱组分的比较分析

【目的】比较两个入侵地红火蚁Solenopsis invicta毒腺生物碱成分及相对含量的地区间差异。【方法】以在中国广东省惠州、 广州、 深圳、 东莞、 珠海和美国阿拉巴马州采集的红火蚁工蚁为材料, 用正己烷溶剂浸提48 h获得浸提液, 将浸提液进行硅胶柱层析分离, 用气相色谱-质谱联用仪（GC-MS）分析其所含的生物碱成分及其相对含量。【结果】红火蚁毒腺生物碱含顺式生物碱组分和反式生物碱组分。通过总离子图对比, 得到了7种顺式生物碱、 8种四氢吡啶和7种反式生物碱, 并计算得到这些组分的相对百分含量。【结论】中国广东省5个地区红火蚁生物碱组成无差别, 相对含量略有差异, 惠州种群和深圳种群差别最大, 其他地区间没有差别。中美两国入侵地的红火蚁种群生物碱成分种类无差别, 其各个组分之间相对含量略有差异, 美国阿拉巴马州种群与中国深圳种群各组分相对含量差别最大, 与中国广州种群差别最小。另外, 在检测的中国广东样品中, 只确认了红火蚁的存在, 提示杂合蚁与黑火蚁还未传入中国。     

河南周口地区蚂蚁多样性调查

蚂蚁是地球上最常见的昆虫,也是周口地区土壤动物的优势类群,其种类繁多,种群数量庞大,分布较广,对生态环境的影响十分显著。调查结果显示,在周口地区分布的蚂蚁目前有5亚科18属33种,优势种是铺道蚁Tetramorium caespitum(L.),日本弓背蚁Camponotus japonicus Mayr、上海举腹蚁Crematogaster zoceensis Santschi。不同生境、不同区域分布的蚂蚁有所不同。     

四川鞍子河国家级自然保护区及邻近地区蚁科昆虫区系分析

为揭示四川鞍子河国家级自然保护区及邻近地区蚂蚁区系特征,2016年6—7月采用样地调查法研究了该区域的蚂蚁区系.结果显示:共采集蚂蚁6亚科32属62种;在世界动物地理界中,分布于东洋界的共32属,东洋界分布种最多(62种),新热带界种最少(3种);在中国动物地理区中,西南区种最多(62种),蒙新区种最少(4种);在种的...