弱氧化醋杆菌阿拉伯糖醇脱氢酶基因克隆及其在大肠杆菌中的表达

The partial genomic library of Acetobacter suboxydans was constructed using Yeast\| E.coli shuttle plasmid YEp352 as vector.Two positive transformants,designated as DH5α(pAD91) and DH5α(pAD98),were obtained by screening the growth of transformants on the agar plate in which D\|arabitol was used as the sole carbon source.The results of Southern blot and restriction endonuclease analysis showed that the two recombinants are identical.The insert is about 2.3kb.Arabitol dehydrogenase activity assay indic…     

Structure and function ofsawB, a gene involved in differentiation ofStreptomyces ansochromogenes

A partial DNA library of Streptomyces ansochromogenes 7100 was constructed by using plasmid plJ702 as vector and white mutant W19 as recipient. About 3 000 clones were obtained, two of which gave rise to the grey phenotype as wild type 7100. The plasmids were isolated from two transformants. The result indicated that the 5.2 kb and 5.8 kb DNA fragments were inserted into plJ702. The resulting recombinant plasmids were designated as pNL-1 and pNL-2 respectively. The 1.25 kb Pstl l-Apa l DNA fragment from pNL-1 was recognized as its complementarity to W19 strain. The nucleotide sequence of the 3.0 kb Pst I DNA fragment including 1.25 kb was determined and analyzed. The result indicated that this DNA fragment contains one complete open reading frame (ORF1) which encodes a protein with 295 amino acid residues, and this gene was designated as sawB. The deduced protein has 81% amino acid identities in comparison with that encoded by whiH in Streptomyces coelicolor. The function of sawB gene was studied by usi     

The function of three indigenous plasmids in Mtesorhizobium huakuii 2020 and its symbiotic interaction with Sym pJB5JI of Rhizobium leguminosarum

A Mesorhizobium huakuii strain 2020, isolated from a rice-growing field in southern China, contains three indigenous plasmids named p2020a, p2020b and p2020c, respectively. The plasmids were deleted via Tn5-sacB insertion, and two cured derivatives were obtained. Interestingly, the mutant 2020D29 curing of p2020c could significantly enhance the capacity of symbiotic nitrogen fixation. But the mutant 2020D8 curing of p2020b lost the ability to nodulate Astragalus sinicus. Furthermore, the third plasmid p2020a could be hardly eliminated, suggesting that some house-keeping genes necessary for strain growth located on this plasmid. Then the Sym plasmid pJB5JI of R. leguminosarum bv. viciae was transferred into 2020 and its cured derivatives. The pot plant test showed that the ability of competition and symbiotic nitrogen fixation of transconjugant 2020-137 (pJB5JI) was increased evidently in con-trast to 2020. pJB5JI could not restore the ability of 2020D8 to nodulate Astragalus sinicus. 2020D8-8 (pJB5JI) could form ineffective nodules on peas, which implied that the symbiotic plasmid pJB5JI could express its function at the chromosomal background of Mesorhizobium huakuii 2020. The plas-mid stability was checked in transconjugants under free-living and during symbiosis. The results indi-cated that pJB5JI failed to be detected in some nodule isolates. That Km resistance gene could be am-plified from all transconjugants and nodule isolates suggested that pJB5JI was fully or partially inte-grated into the chromosome of recipients.     

Construction of a full bacterial artificial chromosome （BAC） library of Oryza sativa genome

We have constructed a full BAC library for the superior early indica variety of Oryza sativa,Guang Lu Ai 4.The MAX Efficiency DH10B with increased stability of inserts was used as BAC host cells.The potent pBelo BACII with double selection markers was used as cloning vector.The cloning efficiency we have reached was as high as 98%,and the transformation efficiency was raised up to 10^6 transformants/μg of large fragment DNA.The BAC recombinant transformants were picked at random and analyzed for the size of inserts,which turned out to be of 120 kb in length on average.We have obtained more than 20,000 such BAC clones.According to conventional probability equation,they covered the entire rice genome of 420,000 kb in length.The entire length of inserts of the library obtained has the 5-to 6-fold coverage of the genome.To our knowledge,this is the first reported full BAC library for a complex genome.     

Highly efficient transformation of intact yeast-like conidium cells of Tremella fuciformis by electroporation

Tremella fuciformis is one of higher basidiomycetes. Its basidiospore can reproduce yeast-like conidia, also called the blastospore by budding. The yeast-like conidia of T. fuciformis is monokaryotic and easy to culture by submerged fermentation similar to yeast. So it is a good recipient cell for exogenous gene expression. In this study, two expression vectors pGlg-gfp containing gpd-Gl promoter and gfp gene and pGlg-hph containing gpd-Gl promoter and hph gene were constructed. The lowest sensitive concentration of hygromycin for the blastospore was determined on three types of media. Our ex- periments showed that the lowest sensitive concentration of hygromycin for the blastospore was 5 μg/mL on MA medium. The intact blastospores were transformed with the expression vector pGlg-hph by electroporation. The putative transformants were obtained by the MA selective medium. Experi- mental results showed that the most effective parameters for the electroporation of intact blastospores were obtained by using STM buffer, 1.0×108 cells/mL of blastospores, 200 μL in transformation volume, 6 μg plasmid, 2.0 kV/cm of electric pulse voltage, stillness culturing on MB liquid medium for 48 h after electroporation. In these transformation conditions, the efficiency reached 277 colonies/μg DNA. Co-transformation of plasmid pGlg-gfp and pGlg-hph with ratio of 1:1 was performed by electroporation with the optimal parameters. The putative co-transformants were obtained by the MA selective medium. Eight randomly selected colonies from the vast putative co-transformants were analyzed by PCR de- tection and Southern blotting. The experiments showed that the gfp was integrated into the genomes of three transformants. The co-transformation efficiency was 37.5%. Green fluorescence was observed under laser scanning confocal microscope in these gfp positive transformants. This indicates that the exogenous gfp can be expressed effectively in the yeast-like conidia of T. fuciformis.     

用电脉冲法将外源质粒DNA导入花生根瘤菌的研究

利用基因电转移仪(Gene Pulser^TM|),对快、慢生型花生根瘤菌85-7和1 47-3的电转化条件进行了系统的研究。结果表明:在对数中期(ABC~600|为0.6-0.7)收获的细胞在最高场强(12.5kV/cm)和短脉冲时间(2.5-5.0m sec)时达到最高转化效率(10 E5转化子/μgDNA)。转化子数随DNA终浓度在一定范围(26.24pg-1.5μg/ml)内呈线性增加, 随即表现出“饱和效应”。增加受体菌细胞浓度,能提高电转化效率;而质粒分子量的增加(11.9 -166kb)却使电转化效率降低。来自受体菌自身的同源质粒,因克服了宿主的限制-修饰性,可以极显著地提高电转化效率。电脉冲处理对受体菌自发突变没有影响。 Abstract:A systematic study of transformation conditions of peanut rhizobia 85-7 and 147-3 was conducted by using Bio-Rad Gene Pulser equipment.It was revealed that the highest transformation efficiency(105 transformants/μgDNA) was obtained from cells harvested at mid-log phase of ABC600 on 0.6-0.7 under the highest field strength(12.5kV/cm)and a short pulse length(2.5-5.0 msec).A linear increase of transformants was observed when DNA concentration was increased in the range of 26.24pg-1.5μg/ml and it became saturation afterwards.Transformation efficiency was also increased with the raise of recipient cell concentrations,but decreased with the increase of plasmid sizes from 11.9 to 166kb.A significant increase of transformation efficiency was revealed with the homologous plasmid isolated from fecipient itself since the effects of host restriction and modification were avoided.No significant effect of electroporation on spontaneous mutation was observed.     

Cloning, sequencing and function ofsanA, a gene involved in nikkomycin biosynthesis ofStreptomyces ansochromogenes

Several genetically stable mutants blocked in nikkomycin biosynthesis were obtained after the slightly germinated spores of Streptomyces ansochromogenes, a nikkomycin producer, were treated with ultra violet radiation. One of the mutants is the same in morpholotical differentiation as the wild type strain and is designated as NBB19. A DMA library was constructed using plasmid plJ702 as cloning vector, NBB19 as cloning recipient. A 6 kb DNA fragment which can genetically complement NBB19 was cloned when screening the library for antifungal activity. Sequence analysis showed that the 3 kb Bgl II-Sal I fragment contains one complete ORF (ORF1) and one partial ORF (ORF2). ORF1 is designated as sanA. sanA is 1 365 bp, encoding a protein consisting of 454 amino acid residues. Database searching indicated that sanA is homologous to the hypothetical methyltransferase in Pyrococcus horikoshli with 25% identities and 41% positives. Disruptant of sanA lost the ability to synthesize nikkomycin. It indicated that sa     

赤霉菌原生质体DNA转化*

Methods for the protoplast preparation and DNA transformation of Gibberella fujikuroi were established. The protoplasts were transformed with plasmid pAN7-1, which carries hygromycin B resistant gene (hPh), and the transformation frequency was about 10. Some transformants grew vigorously on the selectivemedium containing 400μg / ml of hygromycin B, while the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the antibiotic to the recipient strain was oniy 20μg / ml. Southern hybridization showed that the hph gene ha…     

用电脉冲法将外源质粒DNA导入花生根瘤菌的研究

利用基因电转移仪(Gene Pulser^TM|),对快、慢生型花生根瘤菌85-7和1 47-3的电转化条件进行了系统的研究。结果表明:在对数中期(ABC~600|为0.6-0.7)收获的细胞在最高场强(12.5kV/cm)和短脉冲时间(2.5-5.0m sec)时达到最高转化效率(10 E5转化子/μgDNA)。转化子数随DNA终浓度在一定范围(26.24pg-1.5μg/ml)内呈线性增加, 随即表现出“饱和效应”。增加受体菌细胞浓度,能提高电转化效率;而质粒分子量的增加(11.9 -166kb)却使电转化效率降低。来自受体菌自身的同源质粒,因克服了宿主的限制-修饰性,可以极显著地提高电转化效率。电脉冲处理对受体菌自发突变没有影响。 Abstract:A systematic study of transformation conditions of peanut rhizobia 85-7 and 147-3 was conducted by using Bio-Rad Gene Pulser equipment.It was revealed that the highest transformation efficiency(105 transformants/μgDNA) was obtained from cells harvested at mid-log phase of ABC600 on 0.6-0.7 under the highest field strength(12.5kV/cm)and a short pulse length(2.5-5.0 msec).A linear increase of transformants was observed when DNA concentration was increased in the range of 26.24pg-1.5μg/ml and it became saturation afterwards.Transformation efficiency was also increased with the raise of recipient cell concentrations,but decreased with the increase of plasmid sizes from 11.9 to 166kb.A significant increase of transformation efficiency was revealed with the homologous plasmid isolated from fecipient itself since the effects of host restriction and modification were avoided.No significant effect of electroporation on spontaneous mutation was observed.     

Transformation of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Lyophyllum decastes</Emphasis> by particle bombardment

The basidiomycete Lyophyllum decastes was transformed by means of particle bombardment. We isolated five transformants under twelve conditions differing in the two parameters of target distance and helium pressure. The transformation frequency was one transformant/μg DNA. In the transformants, plasmid DNAs were integrated into the genomic DNA and stably maintained. This is the first report on transformation of L. decastes by particle bombardment.     

生米卡链霉菌丙酰化酶基因定位及其核苷酸序列测定

我们已往的工作已经确定在重组质粒ｐＩＪＭ９中,生米卡链霉菌来源的４．１６ｋｂ插入ＤＮＡ片段带有丙酰化酶基因,为了进一步确定该基因在４．１６ｋｂ插入片段中的位置,我们以ＢａｍＨＩ对ｐＩＪＭ９进行酶切,在此基础上进行缺失重组亚克隆,在所获得的转化子中,Ｎｏ．５转化子含重组质粒ｐＩＪＭ９５,分子量为５．０ｋｂ,插入ＤＮＡ片段为０．５３ｋｂ,以Ｎｏ．５转化子对螺旋霉素进行生物转化实验,其转化产物经薄层层析     

苏云金芽孢杆菌以色列亚种130kd杀蚊蛋白基因的...

The location of 130kd mosquitocidal protein gene of Bti 4Q5 strain on its 75Md plasmid was confirmed by southern hybridization using a 18-base oligonucleotide probe. The crystal protein containing the component of 130kd toxic protein was purified. The crystal protein exhibiting the mosquitocidal activity against larvae of Aedes aegypti was shown by bioassay. The purified 75Md plasmid DNA of Bti 4Q5 strain was completely digested with HindIII restriction enzyme, ligated with the vector pUC18 and transformed into the recipient cells of E. coli TG1. From Apr transformants, four clones with HindIII restriction fragment inserts highly homologous to the 18-base oligonucleotide probe were obtained by in situ hybridization and southern hybridization. The 5.2kb HindIII restriction fragment insert was obtained in clone pFH2 and clone pFH4, and 2.3kb HindIII restriction fragment insert in clone pFH1 and pFH3. For pFH2 and pFH4, the 5.2kb fragment was inserted in pUC18 in opposite orientation. It contained 130kd mosquitocidal protein gene (type I) identified by restriction enzyme map analysis. The 2.3kb HindIII fragment insert in other two clones (pFH1 and pFH3) harbored a part of the type II mosquitocidal protein gene which can be used as a probe for cloning of the type II mosquitocidal protein gene.     

地中海拟无枝菌酸菌U-32硝酸还原酶的基因克隆

Southern杂交分析表明在地中海拟无枝菌酸菌U-32染色体DNA和黑曲霉niaD(硝酸还原酶基因)之间存在着明显的同源性。利用异源niaD探针从地中海拟无枝菌酸菌U-32基因文库中筛选得到一个能与niaD杂交的5.0kb的PstⅠ片段。该片段经同位素标记后能与地中海拟无枝菌酸菌U-32染色体上一个相同的PstⅠ片段杂交,位于这一片段上的2.1kb SmaⅠ-EcoR Ⅴ片段只能与以硝酸盐为唯一氮源的总RNA杂交,而不能与相同条件下以铵盐为唯一氮源的总RNA杂交,这些结果表明,所克隆到的5.0kb PstⅠDNA片段含有地中海拟无枝菌酸菌U-32的硝酸还原酶基因。这是好氧细菌硝酸还原酶基因克隆的首次报道。由该酶蛋白分子量推测,其结构基因大小在1.5kb左右,进一步的杂交分析发现在5.0kb的PstⅠ片段中含有完整的NR基因。用20种限制酶对重组质粒pJL1进行了限制酶酶谱的构建,发现有10种酶在pJL1外源片段上无切点,6种酶为单切点,EcoRⅠ与SmaⅠ各有两个切点。     

费氏中华根瘤菌与耐盐有关的DNA片段的亚克隆和测序

将费氏中华根瘤菌（Ｓｉｎｏｒｈｉｚｏｂｉｕｍ ｆｒｅｄｉｉ）ＫＴ１９与耐盐有关的２３ｋｂ ＤＮＡ片段用ＢａｍＨⅠ酶切成大小不同的长度,分别与质粒ｐＭＬ１２２连接,然后转化大肠杆菌（Ｅｓｃｈｅｒｉｃｈｉａ ｃｏｌｉ）Ｓ１７－１,筛选出３个转化子。以这些转化子为供体,ＲＴ１９的盐敏感突变株ＲＣ３－３为受体,分别进行二亲本杂交,筛选到接合子ＢＲ２,得到４．４ｋｂ与耐盐有关的ＤＮＡ片段。根据其物理图谱,酶     

肺炎支原体P1蛋白羧基端基因片段在大肠杆菌中克隆的研究

在大肠杆菌中克隆肺炎支原体P1蛋白羧基端基因片段,为P1蛋白基因片段的扩增、表达及探讨羧基端基因片段功能打基础.采用PCR扩增方法获取P1结构基因.扩增产物用SalI和EcoRI酶切消化,回收1kb大小的DNA片段并与pUC19DNA连接,转入大肠杆菌JM109菌株.用X-gal平板及质粒图谱分析方法筛选重组克隆株,再用限制性核酸内切酶酶切图谱分析鉴定.经PCR扩增MPDNA获得1条5.0kbDNA片段.重组质粒限制性内切酶指纹图谱显示出2条带,1条为pUC19载体DNA带,另1条是1kb的插入片段.实验获得肺炎支原体P1蛋白结构基因及含P1蛋白羧基端DNA片段的重组克隆株.     

桑蚕金属硫蛋白基因在大肠杆菌中的克隆和表达

用\%Bam\%HⅠ和\%Sac\%Ⅰ双酶切质粒pCM1\|1,获得酵母的MTI基因片段,用非放射性地高辛标记作为探针。提取桑蚕肥苏蚕卵的总DNA,分别用\%Eco\%RⅠ、\%Bam\%HⅠ和\%Hin\%dⅢ酶切,与MTI探针进行Southern杂交,出现较强的杂交信号。然后用\%Eco\%RⅠ完全酶切桑吞的总DNA,电洗脱法回收1～6kb的染色体片断,与\%Eco\%RⅠ酶切的M13-载体以3∶1比例连接,转化受体菌DH5α。筛选到4 000多个白色转化子,与探针MTI进行Southern杂交筛选阳性转化子,选择到有强杂交信号的三个转化子［编号为T1(pZHC\|1)\,T5(pZHC\|5)\,T7(pZHC\|7)\]。用12种限制性内切酶对pZHC\|5重组质粒进行酶切分析表明插入片段约12kb,在基因内有一个\%Hin\%dⅢ位点。抗性测定表明受体菌DH5α在含有50mmol/L CuSO\-4的培养基上生长,在含有52mmol/L CuSO\-4的培养基上不生长,而转化子确能在含有52mmol/L CuSO\-4以上的培养基上生长。上述研究结果表明12kb左右的插入片段含有桑吞的金属硫蛋白基因。     

Construction and analysis of plasmids containing the Escherichia coli serB gene

Summary Plasmid pserB59-1 carries the E. coli serB gene on a 5.2 kb BamHI fragment cloned into the BamHI site of plasmid pBR322. The results of genetic and biochemical experiments established that a functional serB gene is contained in the fragment. The location of the serB gene within the insert was determined by restriction endonuclease analysis of plasmids derived from pserB59-1 that carry the Tn5 element at sites that inactivate the serB gene, and by deletions of segments of the 5.2 kb insert that either inactivate or do not inactivate the serB gene. A 38,000 Mr serB ⁺ polypeptide was detected when plasmid pserB59-1 was used as template in a minicell system, but not when the serB gene was inactivated by insertion of a Tn5 element.     

Organization of delta-crystallin genes in the chicken.

Double-stranded DNA was synthesized from delta-crystallin mRNA prepared from lens fibers of 15-day-old chick embryos and cloned at the Pst I site of the plasmid pBR322. Using the cloned cDNA and single-stranded cDNA as hybridization probes, a number of genomic DNA fragments containing delta-crystallin gene sequences have been cloned from the partial and complete EcoRI digests of chick brain DNA. One of the clones from the partial digests contains a DNA fragment that consists of four EcoRI fragments of 7.6 kb, 4.0 kb, 2.6 kb, and 0.8 kb. The gene sequences reside in the (5')7.6 kb - 0.8 kb - 4.0 kb (3') fragments. Electron microscopy has provided evidence that the cloned DNA fragment includes the entire gene sequences complementary to delta-crystallin mRNA except for the 3' terminal poly(A) tail, and that the delta-crystallin gene is interrupted by at least 13 intervening sequences. Another clone contains a genomic fragment that consists of two EcoRI fragments of 3.0 kb and 11 kb. The DNA fragment in the latter clone represents a different delta-crystallin gene, as judged by restriction endonuclease mapping and by electron microscopy.