白木香花和果实挥发油成分的GC-MS分析

采用溶剂萃取法提取白木香(Aquilaria sinensis(Lourl.)Gilg)花和果实的挥发油,经GC-MS分析,从花挥发油中鉴定出26个化合物,占总油量的92.07%;从果实挥发油中鉴定出26个化合物,占总油量的93.66%.其中11个化合物为共有成分,且二者均含壬酸等致香成分.     

长梗黄精挥发油的化学成分及其生物活性

利用气相色谱-质谱联用仪对长梗黄精水溶性挥发物成分进行分析,共分离出30个组分,经检索鉴定出17个化合物,占总挥发油的85.297%,其主要成分为:1,2-邻苯二甲酸二异辛酯(41.047%);并采用杯碟法和Alamar blue法检测该挥发油的抑菌和抗肿瘤生物活性,测得其对金黄色葡萄球菌、红酵母有较强的抑制能力;对人非小细胞肺癌(NCI-H460)并无明显的抑制作用。     

棘托竹荪挥发油化学成分及抑菌作用的研究*

利用水蒸汽蒸馏法提取棘托竹荪的挥发油,得油率为0.45%。.应用气相色谱—质谱联用系统首次对其挥发油的化学成分进行研究。以FFAP柱分离出36个峰,用质谱法鉴定出28个成分,其主要成分为13-甲基-环氧十四烷-2-酮 (23.53%)、亚油酸(17.56%)、芹子烯(12.37%)、棕榈酸(8.20%)、9-十六碳烯酸(7.84%)、(-)-Lepidozenal(7.82%)等, 占总挥发油的97.76%。对挥发油进行抑菌试验,其结果为:桔黄青霉、啤酒酵母最敏感, 黑根霉、黑曲霉次之,白色假丝酵母、金色葡萄球菌,大肠杆菌稍差。     

栉叶蒿挥发油的GC-MS分析

目的:分析栉叶蒿挥发油化学成分.方法:用GC-MS结合Kovats保留指数(KI)对比法对其化学成分进行鉴定,并用气相色谱面积归一化法测定各成分的相对含量.结果:共鉴定了38个成分,占挥发油总含量的62.22%.结论:通过对栉叶蒿挥发油的分析,其主要成分为大香叶烯D(7.34%),α-桉叶醇(5.65%),丁香烯环氧物(5.12%)等,为充分开发利用这一植物资源提供依据.     

杜虹花叶挥发油化学成分及抗氧化活性研究

采用气相色谱一质谱联用(GC-MS)对杜虹花(Callic arpa formosana Rolfe)叶挥发油的化学成分进行分析,并用DPPH法测定其抗氧化活性.结果表明,从杜虹花叶挥发油中鉴定出48种成分,占总挥发油的90.14%.其中(-)-斯巴醇(20.23%)、β-石竹烯(17.22%)、大根香叶烯(8.06%)和β-桉叶烯(5.52%)为其主要成分.此外,τ-榄香烯(4.18%)、马兜铃烯(3.78%)、异香橙烯氧化物(2.71%)及4-松油醇(2.50%)的含量也较高.抗氧化实验中,3种不同浓度的挥发油均对DPPH自由基有一定的清除能力,且有明显的量-效相关性.     

GC-MS法分析曼陀罗挥发油的化学成分

用水蒸气蒸馏法从曼陀罗中提取挥发油,并用气相色谱/质谱联用技术(GC-MS)对挥发油的化学成分进行分离鉴定,用气相色谱峰面积归一化法确定各组分的相对含量.结果从曼陀罗挥发油中鉴定出58种化合物,占总挥发油量的92.37%.其中主要成分为5,6-二氢-6-戊基-2H-吡喃-2-酮(44.29%)、二苯胺(12.50%)、四十四烷(10.41%)、二十烷(4.19%)、(E)-3-己烯-1-醇(2.38%)、3,7,11,15-四甲基-2-十六碳烯-1-醇(2.28%)等.     

新疆有毒植物骆驼蓬挥发油的化学成分测定

目的:研究骆驼蓬挥发油的化学成分.方法:利用水蒸气蒸馏法提取了新疆骆驼蓬挥发油,测的含量为0.04%.采用GC/MS技术对骆驼蓬的挥发油成分进行分离鉴定.结果:分离出18种成分确认其中17种成分.用峰面积归一化法确定了各成分的相对含量,其中主要成分为四氯乙烯(29.87%)、十二烷(16.44%)、十一烷(12.34%)、二(2-甲基丙基)邻苯二甲酸酯(9.09%)、1,3-二甲苯(7.57%)、乙苯(5.84%)1,2-二甲苯(2.81%).结论:四氯乙烯含量最高,通过分析评价为开发骆驼蓬农药提供科学依据.     

蝴蝶果花、叶挥发油的化学成分

采用水蒸汽蒸馏法从大戟科蝴蝶果花、叶中提取挥发油,用气相色谱-质谱联用技术对挥发油化学成分进行分析,并应用面积归一化法测定各成分的相对百分含量。从花中鉴定出10种化合物,占总油量的96.90%,其主要成分为十六烷酸(59.89%)、(Z,Z)-9,12-十八碳二烯酸(13.82%)、(Z,Z,Z)-9,12,15-十八碳三烯-1-醇(6.58%)及双(2-乙基)邻苯二甲酸酯(5.59%)。从叶中鉴定出10种化合物,占总油量的45.26%,主要成分为邻苯二甲酸二乙酯(19.64%)、二丁基羟基甲苯(10.58%)、十六烷酸(3.70%)及苯甲酸(3.46%)。     

蝴蝶果茎挥发油的化学成分

采用水蒸汽蒸馏法从大戟科蝴蝶果茎中提取挥发油,用气相色谱-质谱联用技术对挥发油化学成分进行分析。分离出36个峰,鉴定出35种化合物,占总油量的98.34%,并应用面积归一化法测定各成分的相对百分含量。其主要成分为十六烷酸乙酯(13.19%)、正十六烷酸(11.11%)、十八碳烯酸乙酯(6.18%)、正十八烷(4.98%)、(Z,Z)-9,12-十八碳二烯酸(4.90%)及十八碳二烯酸乙酯(4.21%)。     

GC-MS分析伊犁绢蒿挥发油化学成分

利用水蒸气蒸馏法提取伊犁绢蒿挥发油,出油率为0．25％。采用色谱-质谱-计算机联用技术,从检出的30个成分中鉴定出28个,所鉴定成分占挥发油色谱总峰面积的98．66％。其主要化学成分为α-苎酮(78．74％)、樟脑(6．17％)、桧烯醇乙酸酯(1．94％)、β-苎酮(1．40％)、乙酸乙酯(1．14％)等,占总挥发油成分的89．46％。     

Investigation of the mechanism of temperature sensitivity of the electroreceptors of ampullae of lorenzini

In experiments on Black Sea skates (Raja clavata), the potential of the receptor epithelium of the ampullae of Lorenzini and spike activity of single nerve fibers connected to them were investigated during electrical and temperature stimulation. Usually the potential within the canal was between 0 and –2 mV, and the input resistance of the ampulla 250–400 k. Heating of the region of the receptor epithelium was accompanied by a negative wave of potential, an increase in input resistance, and inhibition of spike activity. With worsening of the animal's condition the transepithelial potential became positive (up to +10 mV) but the input resistance of the ampulla during stimulation with a positive current was nonlinear in some cases: a regenerative spike of positive polarity appeared in the channel. During heating, the spike response was sometimes reversed in sign. It is suggested that fluctuations of the transepithelial potential and spike responses to temperature stimulation reflect changes in the potential difference on the basal membrane of the receptor cells, which is described by a relationship of the Nernst's or Goldman's equation type.I. P. Pavlov Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Leningrad. I. M. Sechenov, Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Leningrad. Pacific Institute of Oceanology, Far Eastern Scientific Center, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Vladivostok. Translated from Neirofiziologiya, Vol. 12, No. 1, pp. 67–74, January–February, 1980.     

Determination of stoichiometry of radioiodination of proteins

A sensitive method for the detection of small quantities of hydrophobic antioxidant free radical scavengers such as butylatedhydroxytoluene (BHT) and butylatedhydroxyanisole (BHA) in aqueous samples is described. The procedure involves extraction of the hydrophobic free radical scavenger into an organic solvent phase, followed by the subsequent reaction of an aliquot of this extract with the stable cation radical tris(p-bromophenyl)amminium hexachloroantimonate (TBACA). In experiments with BHT and BHA, the loss of TBACA absorbance at 730 nm was found to be linearly proportional to the amount of antioxidant added, with quantities of BHT as small as 200 pmol being easily detectable. In aqueous suspensions of dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine vesicles, assays of the aqueous BHT concentration showed that BHT partitioned strongly into the membrane phase, achieving very high BHT/phospholipid ratios. For a given concentration of BHT, partitioning into the membrane phase was greater in large, multilamellar liposomes than in either small, single-walled vesicles or in purified rat brain synaptic vesicle membranes. Direct assay of BHT and BHA in phospholipid membranes, however, was complicated by a nonspecific interaction between TBACA and the phospholipid.