内镜下注射硬化剂治疗食管贲门粘膜撕裂综合症的临床研究

目的:研究内镜下注射1%乙氧硬化醇和注射1:10 0000肾上腺素治疗食管贲门粘膜撕裂综合症的疗效及安全性。方法:按照随机抽样的原则,从行急诊胃镜检查确诊为食管贲门粘膜撕裂综合症并行内镜下止血治疗的患者中,随机抽取58例患者,按随机数字表法分为治疗组29例和对照组29例,治疗组采用内镜下注射1%乙氧硬化醇,对照组采用内镜下注射1:10 0000肾上腺素,观察两组患者首次止血成功率,早期、近期、远期再出血率,并发症发生率等。结果:治疗组首次止血成功率96.55%(28/29),对照组首次止血成功率93.10%(27/29),两组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),治疗组早期再出血率7.41%(2/28),显著低于对照组29.63%(8/27)(P<0.05),治疗组近期及远期再出血率为3.57%(1/28),对照组近期及远期再出血率3.70%(1/27),两组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),两组均无栓塞、穿孔、死亡等并发症出现。结论:内镜下注射乙氧硬化醇治疗食管贲门粘膜撕裂综合症优于注射肾上腺素。     

先天性支气管动脉-肺动脉瘘儿童咯血的介入治疗临床分析

目的:总结先天性支气管动脉-肺动脉瘘患儿的临床特点及诊治经验,探讨介入治疗支气管动脉-肺动脉瘘所致咯血的安全性及有效性。方法:回顾性分析我院自2009年7月至2017年6月收治的先天性支气管动脉-肺动脉瘘所致咯血患儿36例,行支气管动脉数字减影血管造影(DSA),选择300-700μm聚乙烯醇(PVA)微栓颗粒或微球颗粒行支气管动脉栓塞术治疗,评价疗效,患者在术后1个月、3个月、半年、1年门诊复查。结果:多层螺旋CT血管造影(MSCTA)显示支气管动脉-肺动脉瘘直接征象的诊出率为55.5%(20/36),16例为假阴性(44.4%),未发现假阳性病例;36例患者栓塞术后治疗即刻成功率为100%,复发率13.9%(5/36),复发时间出现于术后2-6个月,表现为再次咯血,但咯血量较初次封堵前减少,均行二次栓塞术。结论:介入治疗对于支气管动脉-肺动脉瘘所致咯血是一种创伤小、操作简便、疗效明确、并发症少的治疗方法。为进一步减少复发风险,患者术前应仔细进行MSCTA检查,行全面DSA下血管造影,根据患者病变血管情况选择合适的永久栓塞剂,运用恰当的栓塞技术。     

介入栓塞术在急诊难治性医源性肾出血中的临床应用价值

摘要 目的：探讨介入栓塞术在急诊难治性医源性肾出血中的临床应用价值。方法：收集2012年6月至2021年6月南京医院大学第一附属医院收治的72例急诊难治性医源性肾出血的患者。所有患者在保守治疗无效的情况下,行介入下肾动脉血管造影,根据造影表现确定出血责任动脉,并行栓塞治疗,术后观察临床止血的有效性及安全性。结果：72例患者,介入血管造影呈阳性结果64例,包括血管出现单纯造影剂外溢12例,单纯假性动脉瘤19例,单纯动静脉瘘8例,9例患者合并两种造影表现,以及16例患者呈现动脉出血的一些间接征象。阳性出血患者介入栓塞技术成功率及临床止血率为100%。72例患者介入术后3 d血白细胞、血中性粒细胞比率、血红蛋白、血细胞比容及血小板较术前明显升高（均P＜0.05）,血肌酐及尿素氮较介入术前轻度升高（均P＞0.05）;其中30例患者介入术后7 d再次检测血肌酐及尿素氮,较介入术前基本恢复正常（均P＞0.05）。住院期间所有患者未出现肾衰等严重的术后并发症。结论：介入栓塞术治疗急诊难治性医源性肾出血患者,具有安全、高效、并发症少等优点,临床上值得推广应用。     

介入栓塞治疗内脏动脉瘤的临床研究

目的:探讨介入血管腔内栓塞治疗内脏动脉瘤的方法、疗效及安全性。方法:选择内脏动脉瘤患者23例,包括脾动脉瘤13例,肝动脉瘤2例,胃十二指肠动脉瘤3例,肠系膜上动脉瘤4例,肾动脉瘤1例。其中,9例行远近端动脉栓塞术,4例采用支架辅助弹簧圈瘤体内填塞,3例采用弹簧圈瘤体内填塞加瘤体内注胶栓塞术,4例行弹簧圈瘤体内栓塞术,2例行分支动脉颗粒栓塞术,1例行单纯注胶栓塞术。术后1月、3月、6月行超声、CTA或血管造影复查,以后每年复查一次。结果:本组均成功行介入血管腔内栓塞治疗内脏动脉瘤,栓塞治疗后造影示动脉瘤体和/或载瘤动脉闭塞,动脉瘤体内无明显对比剂显影,脾动脉瘤栓塞患者有3例出现发热,脾区疼痛等脾梗塞症状,未见栓塞术相关严重并发症发生。4例消化道出血患者出血均停止。术后随访3~48个月,未见动脉瘤破裂出血、动脉瘤复发或增大,支架置入者,支架内及分支动脉血流均保持通畅。结论:介入血管腔内栓塞是一种治疗内脏动脉瘤的简便、微创、安全有效的方法。     

Interlock可解脱弹簧圈在脾动脉瘤腔内治疗中的应用

目的:探究Interlock可解脱弹簧圈在脾动脉瘤的腔内治疗中的应用价值。方法:回顾性分析2016年2月至2019年2月于本中心使用Interlock可解脱弹簧圈治疗的36例脾动脉瘤患者的临床资料,包括10例男性,26例女性,31例真性动脉瘤,5例假性脾动脉瘤,术前均行超声或CTA明确诊断。术中栓塞后,立即血管造影以明确技术成功率。围手术期及术后2周、3个月和6个月监测血常规、胰淀粉酶和主动脉CTA,观察并发症的发生情况。结果:6例患者弹簧圈栓塞动脉瘤远近端及瘤腔,其余仅栓塞脾动脉瘤瘤腔。术中DSA血管造影提示即刻脾动脉瘤栓塞闭塞率为97%以上,术中共使用128枚Interlock弹簧圈,其中104枚为钻石型,24枚为普通2D型。弹簧圈平均直径为6.3±4.2(2-12)mm,平均长度为16±13.5(3-32)mm,瘤体平均尺寸为40.6±12.5(15-70) mm。围手术期无并发症发生。平均随访10.0±3.2(6-15)个月,1月后2例出现脾梗死,7例发生轻微腹痛及低热等症状,所有病例均未见瘤腔再通和瘤体增大。结论:Interlock可解脱弹簧圈可以安全有效地治疗脾动脉瘤,但其远期疗效需长期随访观察。     

CTA指导下急诊动脉栓塞治疗腹盆部大出血的临床研究

目的:研究CTA在指导急诊动脉栓塞治疗腹盆部大出血的临床价值.方法:选择腹盆部大出血患者32例,动脉栓塞前在抗休克同时行急诊CTA检查,明确出血部位、范围、性质,立即在CTA指导下行选择性DSA,并栓塞出血支血管.结果:32例均经CTA检查明确了出血部位,DSA符合率81.3％.CTA与选择性DSA在显示造影剂外溢征象及病变性质方面无显著差异(P＞0.05),在显示出血支动脉方面有显著差异(P＜0.05).其中29例(90.6％)动脉栓塞后出血停止或控制,休克得到纠正;3例(9.4％)动脉栓塞后出血仍不能控制,其中2例而后行外科手术治疗,1例而后行内镜治疗.结论:CTA指导下行急诊动脉栓塞治疗腹盆部大出血迅速简便、安全性好、并发症少.     

肾动脉CT血管造影在肾脏肿瘤出血介入栓塞治疗中的应用

目的:探讨肾动脉CT血管造影(Computed Tomography angiography,CTA)在-肾脏肿瘤出血介入栓塞治疗中应用的临床效果.方法:28例肾脏患者在介入栓塞治疗前行肾动脉CTA检查.在介入手术中寻找所有的肿瘤供血动脉,并逐一进行栓塞治疗.栓塞治疗一周后复查肾动脉CTA检查.对肾动脉CTA在介入栓塞治疗中应用效果进行回顾性总结评价.结果:28例肾脏肿瘤出血患者在介入栓塞治疗前行肾动脉CTA检查,共找到32支肿瘤供血动脉,介入手术中共找到34支肿瘤供血动脉并成功栓塞治疗.介入手术前肾动脉CTA检查诊断的准确率为94.12％(32/34).栓塞治疗后复查肾动脉CTA检查证实所有已栓塞的肿瘤供血动脉栓塞效果良好.结论:介入栓塞治疗前肾动脉CTA检查可以为肾脏肿瘤出血介入栓塞治疗提供准确的定位作用.栓塞治疗后肾动脉CTA检查有利于对栓塞疗效的准确判定.     

高龄（80-89 岁）非ST 段抬高心肌梗死早期 介入治疗的疗效观察

目的:研究调查高龄(80-89岁)非ST段抬高心肌梗死(non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction,NSTEMI)患者行早期经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(percutaneous coronary intervention,PCI)的有效性。方法:回顾分析2008年8月-2009年10月期间我院住院的66例80-89岁NSTEMI患者,冠状动脉造影检查后45例行PCI术,5例因为左主干病变或者严重的三支病变行冠脉搭桥(CABG)术,其余16例做保守治疗。发病到行介入治疗时间<72h。结果:45例行PCI术中42例成功,再血管化的成功率为63.6%,失败的3例PCI术病人中2例因导丝或球囊未能通过病变,1例为顽固性室速。共植入支架80枚,术后梗死相关动脉血流均达到TIMI2-3级。术后死亡2例(心源性休克、颅内出血各1例),死亡率为4.8%。住院期间出血并发症较高,有4(9.5%)例(穿刺部位血肿2例,消化道、颅内出血各1例)。住院期间无再发心肌梗死,偶发心绞痛2例。结论:穿刺尽管高龄(80-89岁)非ST段抬高心肌梗死冠脉早期介入主要出血事件较多,但可改善住院期间的预后。     

儿童颅面部血管瘤及血管畸形的DSA诊断及介入治疗分析

探讨儿童颅面部血管瘤及血管畸形的数字减影血管造影(DSA)诊断及介入治疗效果。选取2014年2月至2016年12月在我院治疗的颅面部血管瘤及血管畸形儿童32例,采用DSA诊断,并采用经皮股动脉穿刺插管行双侧颈外动脉造影栓塞,观察治疗效果。采用选择性DSA诊断儿童颅面部血管瘤及血管畸形的准确率为100%;介入治疗即刻疗效和术后6个月疗效比较差异无统计学意义(p0.05),术后6个月显效和有效比例分别为75.00%和21.88%;不同性别、年龄患儿介入治疗术后6个月疗效比较差异无统计学意义(p0.05);患者治疗前及治疗后TNF-α和IL-6差异比较无统计学意义(p0.05);患者治疗后VEGF浓度为(102.01±37.10)pg/m L,明显较治疗前降低(p0.05)。DSA在儿童颅面部血管瘤及血管畸形诊断中有较好的应用价值,是一种可靠有效的诊断方法;介入治疗有较好的效果,值得临床推广使用。     

奥曲肽联合介入治疗对急性上消化道大出血患者隐血试验的影响

目的:探讨奥曲肽联合栓塞介入治疗消化性溃疡引发的上消化道出血的临床研究。方法:将30例消化道溃疡合并急性消化道大出血患者随机分为对照组和联合治疗组,每组15例,对照组患者采用栓塞介入治疗,联合治疗组采用奥曲肽联合栓塞治疗,在48 h后评价短期疗效,并随访1月观察患者的出血复发情况及不良反应;采用联合免疫试剂盒检测患者在治疗前及治疗后2天,3天和7天的大便隐血,并记录患者隐血转阴时间和住院时间。结果:联合治疗组患者的短期有效率为92.9%明显高于对照组的60.0%,且差异有统计学意义(X~2=8.96,P0.05);治疗前,两组患者的大便隐血试验均为阳性,治疗2天后,联合治疗组和对照组的隐血阳性率分别为21.4%和66.7%,两组比较差异有显著意义(X~2=6.66,P0.01);治疗3天后,联合治疗组92.8%患者隐血试验转阴,显著高于对照组60.0%,且差异有统计学意义(X~2=4.66,P0.05);对照组患者的隐血转阴时间和住院时间分别为(4.15±2.37)天和(7.22±1.98)天高于联合治疗组,其隐血转阴时间和住院时间分别为(2.77±1.98)天和(5.33±2.07)天,两组相比,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:奥曲肽联合栓塞介入治疗可以快速止血,再出血发生率低和安全等特点,能有效治疗消化性溃疡引发的急性上消化道大出血。     

六种藓类植物茎的比较解剖学研究

通过对6种藓类植物,即褶叶青藓(Brachythecium salebrosum(Web.et Mohr.)B.S.G.)、湿地匐灯藓(Plagiomnium acutum(Lindb.)Kop.)、侧枝匐灯藓(Plagiomnium maximoviczii(Lindb.)Kop.)、大凤尾藓(Fissidensnobilis Griff.)、大羽藓(Thuidium cymbifolium(Doz.et Molk.)B.S.G.)和大灰藓(Hypnum plumaeforme Wils.)嫩茎和老茎的石蜡切片和显微观察发现,同一藓类植株的嫩茎和老茎,茎结构稳定,不同种藓类植物茎横切面具有不同特征.植物体茎横切面形状、表层细胞的层数、细胞大小和细胞壁厚薄、皮层细胞大小和形状、中轴的有无以及比例等特征可以作为藓类植物的分科分类依据之一.     

Cause of Senescence of Nine Sorts of Flowers

The levels of endogenous phytohormones and respiratory rate in nine sorts of flowers such as Cymbidium faberi Rolfe, Nopalxochia ackermannii Kunth and others were investigated both at full bloom and senescence and meanwhile the effect of exogenous phytohormones on prolonging the blossoms and promoting ethylene production were tested. There is a high content of endogenous ethylene in all the long-lived flowere, about 3–16 folds higer than the short-lived ones. There is a high level of ABA at full blooming flowers of short-lived flowers, in which there is no or only some cytokinins in it, but the ratio of CTK (6BA+zeatin)/ABA is smaller(l.7). The endogenous ABA reached a much higher level at senescence in all nine sorts of flowers, so it is reasonable to consider that it is ABA which plays an important role of regulation in controlling flower's senescence. There is a much higher level of GA3 and zeatin in the long-lived flowers which is not demonstrated in the shortlived ones. The respiratory rate is one of the factors controtling the longevity of flowers, but it does not play a decided role. Application of 6BA and zeatin prolongs distinctly orchid’s longevity, however exogenous IAA through the promotive action on ethylene production, evidently extends the longevity of the flowers of the Nopalxochia ackermannii Kunth.     

Photoregulation of seed germination of wild-type and of an aurea-mutant of tomato

Seed germination of an aurea mutant of tomato ( Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) is promoted by continuous irradiation with red, far-red or long-wavelength far-red (758 nm) light as well as by cyclic irradiations (5 min red or 5 min far-red/25 min darkness). Far-red light applied immediately after each red does not change the germination behaviour. Seed germination of the isogenic wild-type, cv. UC-105, is promoted by continuous and cyclic red light while it is inhibited by continuous and cyclic far-red light and by continious 758 nm irradiation. Far-red irradiation reverses almost completely the promoting effect of red light. The promoting effect (in the aurea mutant) and the inhibitory effect (in the wild-type) of continuous far-red light do not show photon fluence rate dependency above 20 nmol m⁻² s⁻¹. It is concluded that phytochrome controls tomato seed germination throgh low energy responses in both the wild type and the au mutant. The promoting effect of continuous and cyclic far-red light in the au mutant can be attributed to a greater sensitivity to P_fr.     

真菌类遗传学分析的知识结构教学

本文以认知结构理论为指导,讨论了真菌类遗传分析与高等动植物遗传分析的内在联系,认为利用这种内在联系进行教学可收到好的效果并说明了作者的具体教学过程。 Abstract:In the paper, the relationship between genetic analysis of Fungi and genetic analysis of high animal and plant was discussed.A good results were obtained when we adopted this method in the teaching.     

龙胆科药用植物化学成分的研究现状

龙胆科植物在我国的分布范围很广,且多数为药用植物,其多数种属的药用植物,至今其化学成分尚未被系统研究。综述了目前龙胆科药用植物的化学成分的研究现状及一般提取方法,对近年来发现的环烯醚萜及裂环烯醚萜类化合物进行了总结,为本科药用植物的更深入研究提供了参考。     

The effects of glutamine of the maintenance of embryogenic cultures of Cryptomeria japonica

Summary Embryogenic tissues of sugi (Cryptomeria japonica) were induced on a modified Campbell and Durzan (CD) medium containing 1 μM 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and 600 mg l⁻¹ glutamine, and subcultured in the medium of the same composition for over 1 yr. This resulted in a mixed culture of embryogenic and non-embryogenic cells. When embryogenic cells were isolated and cultured independently, their capacity to form embryogenic aggregates was lost. Thus, the non-embryogenic cells present within a mixed culture system were essential to the formation of embryogenic aggregates. When embryogenic tissues were isolated and cultured independently on a high glutamine-containing (2400 mg l⁻¹) medium, dry weights and endogenous levels of glutamine increased, and the tissue could generate a large number of embryogenic aggregates. Amino acid analysis of embryogenic and non-embryogenic cells from the maintenance culture indicated a higher level of glutamine was present in the latter. The high endogenous level of glutamine in the non-embryogenic portion of mixed cell masses may be the supplier of glutamine for maintaining the embryogenic property of the tissues.     

Specificity of action of piperidylcholine derivatives as substrates of cholinesterases of various origin

The review deals with study of enzymologic properties of a novel highly specific acetylcholinesterase substrate, N-(β-acetoxyethyl) piperidinium iodomethylate (“piperidylcholine”), and its 30 derivatives that were tested as effectors of cholinesterases of mammals and various species of Pacific squids. It was proven for the first time that responsible for specificity of action was structure of cyclic ammonium grouping of the alcohol part of molecule of the ester substrate. Analysis of specificity is performed based on enzymatic hydrolysis parameters—activity of catalytic center of cholinesterases and bimolecular constant of the reaction rate that are determined at optimal and low substrate concentrations. Among the specially synthesized group of thioester compounds there is revealed one more highly specific acetylcholinesterase substrate—N-(β-acetoxyethyl) piperidinium.     

Interconnection of parameters of regulation system of lipid peroxidation and of morphophysiological parameters of mouse liver

A complex analysis of seasonal fluctuations of the mean group parameters of the system of regulation of lipid peroxidation has been performed in liver of Balb/c mice. Association of lipid characteristics and morphophysiological parameters is studied in the Balb/c mouse liver. An inter-connection is revealed between the liver index and the amount of lysoforms of phospholipids, the scale and character of the interconnection differing essentially depending on proportion of phos-phatidylcholine in mouse liver phospholipids.