老年原发性骨质疏松症患者血清25-羟维生素D水平检测及与骨代谢指标的相关性分析

摘要 目的：检测并分析老年原发性骨质疏松症患者血清25-羟维生素D [25-(OH)D]水平及其与骨代谢指标的相关性。方法：选取2013年4月到2019年5月期间在我院接受治疗的老年原发性骨质疏松症患者166例作为骨质疏松组,另选取同期在我院进行体检的无骨质疏松老年人群117例作为无骨质疏松组。检测所有研究对象的血清25-(OH)D、I型胶原氨基酸延长肽（PINP）、β-胶原特殊序列（β-CTX）、N-端骨钙素（N-MID）的水平,并分析血清25-(OH)D与骨代谢指标的相关性。结果：166例老年原发性骨质疏松症患者的血清25-(OH)D水平为（16.82±4.52）ng/mL,其中维生素D缺乏64例、占38.56%,维生素D不足72例、占43.37%,维生素D正常30例,占18.07%。不同性别的老年原发性骨质疏松症患者的血清25-(OH)D水平比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）,不同性别的老年原发性骨质疏松症患者的维生素D缺乏、不足、正常占比比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。骨质疏松组血清25-(OH)D水平明显低于无骨质疏松组（P<0.05）,骨质疏松组血清β-CTX水平明显高于无骨质疏松组（P<0.05）,骨质疏松组和无骨质疏松组的血清PINP、N-MID水平比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。经Pearson相关分析显示,老年原发性骨质疏松症患者的血清25-(OH)D与β-CTX呈负相关（P<0.05）,与PINP、N-MID无明显的相关性（P>0.05）。结论：老年原发性骨质疏松症患者存在明显的维生素D缺乏、不足,但无明显的性别差异,血清25-(OH)D与β-CTX呈负相关,联合检测血清25-(OH)D和?茁-CTX有助于老年原发性骨质疏松症的早期诊断和治疗。     

同型半胱氨酸水平与女性绝经期骨质疏松相关性研究

目的:通过分析女性绝经期不同骨密度人群的血浆同型半胱氨酸(HCY)指标,探讨同型半胱氨酸在女性绝经期骨质疏松发生过程中的作用及其潜在的临床价值。方法:收集2014年3月至2016年3月我院体检中心进行体检的女性绝经期妇女(60岁)血样标本共计625例,根据体检的骨密度报告对其进行分组,骨质疏松组215例,骨量减少组309例,骨量正常组101例,测量每组的同型半胱氨酸水平。结果:骨密度程度与同型半胱氨酸水平存在负相关关系(rs=-0.763,P=0.046),三组之间的同型半胱氨酸水平也存在显著差异(F=4.807,P0.016),其中骨质疏松组指标最高,骨量正常组指标最低。结论:同型半胱氨酸是重要的骨代谢指标,在衡量绝经期妇女骨质疏松进展中具有重要的意义。     

血清OC、25(OH)D及PTH水平与老年骨质疏松患者胸腰椎骨折的关系及其预测价值分析

摘要 目的：研究血清骨钙素（OC）、25-羟基维生素D[25(OH)D]及甲状旁腺激素（PTH）水平与老年骨质疏松患者胸腰椎骨折的关系及其预测价值。方法：选择2019年6月-2022年6月西部战区总医院收治的171例老年骨质疏松患者。将其按照是否出现胸腰椎骨折分成骨折组80例及无骨折组91例。比较两组血清OC、25(OH)D及PTH水平,以单因素、多因素Logistic回归分析明确老年骨质疏松患者胸腰椎骨折的相关影响因素。采用受试者工作特征（ROC）曲线明确血清OC、25(OH)D及PTH水平预测老年骨质疏松患者胸腰椎骨折的效能。结果：骨折组血清OC、25(OH)D水平均低于无骨折组,而PTH水平高于无骨折组（均P＜0.05）。经单因素分析发现,年龄、骨质疏松病程及骨质疏松分级均与老年骨质疏松患者胸腰椎骨折有关（均P＜0.05）。经多因素Logistic回归分析：年龄≥70岁、骨质疏松病程≥6个月、骨质疏松分级为Ⅲ级以及高PTH水平均是老年骨质疏松患者胸腰椎骨折的危险因素,而高OC、25(OH)D水平均是老年骨质疏松患者胸腰椎骨折的保护性因素（均P＜0.05）。经ROC曲线分析发现：血清OC、25(OH)D及PTH水平联合预测老年骨质疏松患者胸腰椎骨折的效能优于上述三项指标单独检测。结论：血清PTH水平升高是老年骨质疏松患者发生胸腰椎骨折的危险因素,而高OC、25(OH)D水平为保护性因素,联合检测三项指标预测老年骨质疏松患者胸腰椎骨折的效能更佳。     

绝经后女性心血管危险因素与骨密度的相关关系

目的:本研究的目的是评估绝经后女性冠心病患者心血管危险因素与骨密度的相关关系。方法:评估216例拟行冠脉造影的绝经后女性冠心病患者的危险因素,并于冠脉造影检查前日或次日行骨密度检测,依据T值将受试者分为2组:骨量正常组(T值大于-1SD)、低骨量组(T值小于-1SD)。结果:2组患者在BMI、糖尿病、高血压及吸烟等均无显著性差异。低骨量组冠心病的发生率及年龄显著高于骨量正常组。Logistic回归分析显示绝经后女性冠心病患者年龄与骨密度独立相关(OR=1.072 CI:1.036～1.11p=0.001)。结论:年龄与绝经后女性冠心病患者骨密度负相关,心血管病危险因素或冠心病与骨量不相关。     

女性年龄相关的性激素水平与骨代谢指标的关系

目的:探讨女性性激素水平与骨代谢指标的关系。方法:202例女性按年龄分为40、40~49、50~59、60~69、≥70岁组,用化学发光法测定血清卵泡刺激素(FSH)、黄体生成素(LH)、雌二醇(E2)、睾酮(TES)和骨钙素(OC)、I型胶原羟基端肽β特殊序列(β-CTX)、I型前胶原氨基端前肽(PINP)。比较各组间性激素水平与骨代谢指标的差异,并进一步分析其相关性。结果:血清FSH和LH随年龄增长而升高,50岁以后达高峰;E2随年龄增长而降低,50岁以后各年龄组显著低于49岁以下年龄组(P0.05);血清OC、β-CTX、PINP随年龄增长而升高,50岁以后各年龄组显著高于49岁以下年龄组(P0.05)。校正年龄后,血清FSH、LH与OC、β-CTX呈显著正相关,E2与β-CTX呈显著负相关(均P0.01)。将FSH、LH、E2水平由低到高分成四等分组,随着FSH、LH的递增,OC、β-CTX逐渐递增;随着E2水平的递增,β-CTX逐渐递减(趋势P均0.05)。多元线性回归分析显示,FSH与β-CTX独立正相关(β=0.218,P=0.033),LH与OC独立正相关(β=0.322,P=0.004),而E2与OC、β-CTX、PINP均未见独立相关性。结论:女性骨代谢与循环中性激素水平变化有关,其主要影响因素可能是FSH、LH水平的增加,雌激素水平的下降可能起次要作用。     

唑来膦酸注射液联合骨肽注射液治疗绝经后骨质疏松症的临床疗效及安全性分析

目的:研究唑来膦酸注射液联合骨肽注射液治疗绝经后骨质疏松症的临床效果以及安全性。方法:选择2014年1月～2018年1月我院收治的100例绝经后骨质疏松症患者,将其随机分为两组。对照组采用静脉滴注唑来膦酸注射液5 mg一次,观察组在对照组基础上静脉注射骨肽注射液,每次30 mg,每天1次。治疗6个月后,检测并比较两组治疗前后的骨代谢指标(血清骨特异性碱性磷酸酶(BAP)、甲状旁腺素(PTH)、血磷(P)、血钙(Ca)和碱性磷酸酶(ALP))以及骨转换指标(骨钙素(OC)和Ⅰ型胶原交联C-末端肽(CTX-1))的变化及不良反应的发生情况。结果:治疗后,观察组总有效率明显高于对照组(P0.05);两组血清ALP、PTH以及BAP等骨代谢指标均较治疗前明显降低(P0.05),且观察组以上指标明显低于对照组(P0.05);两组的OC均较治疗前明显升高(P0.05),CTX-1均较治疗前明显降低(P0.05),且观察组的骨转换指标改善的程度较对照组更为明显(P0.05)。观察组的不良反应发生率为8.00%(4/50),明显低于对照组[18.00%(9/50)](P0.05)。结论:唑来膦酸注射液联合骨肽注射液治疗绝经后骨质疏松症的效果明显优于单独使用唑来膦酸注射液,其可以显著改善患者的骨代谢及骨转换状态,且安全性更高。     

绝经后骨质疏松症患者血清LECT2水平的临床意义及其预测价值分析

摘要 目的：探讨绝经后骨质疏松症患者血清白细胞衍生趋化因子2（LECT2）水平的临床意义及其预测价值。方法：选择2020年1月～2022年1月湖南师范大学第一附属医院收治的绝经后骨质疏松症患者125例作为研究组,另选取同期体检的绝经后健康女性志愿者120例作为对照组。比较两组血清LECT2水平,并分析血清LECT2水平与腰椎和股骨颈骨密度（BMD）及骨代谢相关指标的相关性;应用受试者工作特征（ROC）曲线分析血清LECT2对绝经后骨质疏松症患者的预测价值。结果：研究组血清LECT2、骨钙素（OC）、I型原胶原N端前肽（PINP）、 I型胶原交联C末端肽（S-CTX）显著高于对照组,腰椎和股骨颈BMD显著低于对照组（P<0.05）。Pearson相关分析显示,绝经后骨质疏松症患者血清LECT2水平与OC、PINP、S-CTX水平呈正相关（P<0.05）,与腰椎和股骨颈BMD呈负相关（P<0.05）。ROC曲线分析显示,血清LECT2、OC、PINP、S-CTX联合检验对绝经后骨质疏松症患者的预测价值的曲线下面积（AUC）为0.856,大于各单一指标预测。结论：绝经后骨质疏松症女性血清LECT2水平升高,其水平与骨代谢指标OC、PINP、S-CTX水平呈正相关,与腰椎BMD和股骨颈BMD呈负相关,血清LECT2联合OC、PINP、S-CTX对绝经后骨质疏松症患者的预测价值较高。     

兰州市1907 例不同年龄正常人群骨密度测定综合分析

目的:了解兰州地区正常人群骨密度的变化特点,分析其变化规律,为预防和治疗骨质疏松症提供科学依据。方法:使用天津圣鸿公司SHY-Ⅰ数字式骨密度测定仪对兰州地区1907人进行检测,其中男1381例,女526例,分别做左前臂尺、桡骨测量。年龄20～85岁,每10岁为一年龄组进行统计分析。结果:男、女组骨密度峰值均在30～39岁,峰值后随年龄增加而骨密度下降,女性下降较男性显著。骨量减少及骨质疏松患病率在40岁后随年龄增长而增高,女性高于男性。老年人骨量减少及骨质疏松患病率高于中青年人,老年女性骨质疏松患病率与老年男性比较有明显差异(P<0.05)。结论:兰州地区健康人群骨密度随年龄变化,并与性别有关。骨密度的检测在骨质疏松症的早期预防和治疗中具有重要意义。     

强直性脊柱炎患者骨代谢生化指标和RANKL-RANK-OPG系统表达之间的相关性

目的:考察强直性脊柱炎(ankylosing spondylitis,AS)患者骨代谢生化指标变化,并分析其与RNAKL-RANK-OPG系统表达之间的相关性.方法:研究对象为40名强直性脊柱炎男性患者,40名健康男性为对照组,记录强直性脊柱炎AS患者的病程,体重指数(body mass index,BMI),甲状旁腺素(parathyroid hormone,PTH),血钙,血磷,碱性磷酸酶(alkaline phosphatase,ALP)等临床指标,采用双能X线吸收法测定AS患者的骨密度(bone mineral density,BMD),利用免疫分析法检测血清中骨吸收指标骨钙素(bone glutamyl protein,BGP),Ⅰ型强胶原羧基肽(carboxyterminal propeptide of type Ⅰ procollagen,PICP),骨碱性磷酸酶(bonealkaline phosphatase,BALP),骨吸收指标抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶(tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase,TRAP)及sRANKL,OPG的表达.分析骨代谢指标,RANKL-RANK-OPG与各项临床指标的相关性.结果:AS患者PICP,BALP,TRAP及sRANKL、OPG的表达较正常对照组存在明显的差异,具有统计学意义.不同部位的骨密度发生不同程度的骨量减少和骨质疏松,股骨颈、大转子、转子间和股骨颈分别为28％、45％、40％和50％,与骨代谢指标存在一定的相关性,TRAP与大转子的骨密度成负相关(r=-0.369,P=0.019),PICP与大转子的骨密度成正相关(r=0.391,P=0.013),BGP与转子间的骨密度成负相关(r=-0.419,P=0.009),sRANKL/OPG与腰椎密度均呈现负相关(r=-0.134,P=0.011).骨代谢指标之间以及与临床指标也存在不同程度的相关性,sRANKL与OPG存在正相关(r=0.369,P=0.019)sRANKL/OPG与sRANKL、OPG存在负相关(r=-0.334,P=0.035;r=-0.983,P=0.000).结论:AS患者骨代谢发生异常,骨吸收增强.RANKL-RANK-OPG系统失衡可能是AS骨量减少和伴随发生骨质疏松的机制之一.     

α-D3对原发性肾病综合征患者骨质疏松的预防作用*

目的:探讨α-D_3对原发性肾病综合征(PNS)患者Pred激素治疗过程中发生骨质疏松的影响。方法:收集我院70例PNS患者,随机分为实验组和对照组。对照组给予泼尼松治疗,实验组在对照组基础上给予α维生素D_3(α-D_3)治疗。观察并比较两组患者治疗前后骨碱性磷酸酶(NBAP)、抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶(TRACP)、1,25-(OH)_2D_3、前甲状腺素原(iPTH)及骨密度水平的变化情况。结果:与治疗前相比,治疗后两组患者1,25-(OH)_2D_3及骨密度水平均升高,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);与治疗前相比,治疗后两组患者NBAP,TRACP及iPTH水平均降低,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);与对照组比较,实验组患者治疗后1,25-(OH)_2D_3及骨密度水平较高,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05),与对照组比较,实验组患者治疗后NBAP,TRACP及iPTH水平较低,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:α-D_3能够降低原发性肾病综合征患者Pred激素治疗期间NBAP,TRACP,iPTH水平,提高1,25-(OH)2D3、骨密度,从而有效预防骨质疏松。     

Role of peak bone mass and bone loss in postmenopausal osteoporosis: 12 year study.

OBJECTIVE--To examine the role of peak bone mass and subsequent postmenopausal bone loss in the development of osteoporosis and the reliability of identifying women at risk from one bone mass measurement and one biochemical assessment of the future bone loss. DESIGN--Population based study. SETTING--Outpatient clinic for research into osteoporosis. SUBJECTS--178 healthy early postmenopausal women who had participated in a two year study in 1977. 154 of the women underwent follow up examination in 1989, of whom 33 were excluded because of diseases or taking drugs known to affect calcium metabolism. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES--Bone mineral content of the forearm and values of biochemical markers of bone turnover. RESULTS--The average reduction in bone mineral content during 1977-89 was 20%, but the fast losers had lost 10.0% more than had the slow loser group (mean loss 26.6% in fast losers and 16.6% in slow losers; p less than 0.001). Prediction of future bone mineral content using baseline bone mineral content and estimated rate of loss gave results almost identical with the actual bone mineral content measured in 1989. Seven women had had a Colles'' fracture and 20 a spinal compression fracture. The group with Colles'' fracture had low baseline bone mineral content (34.7 (95% confidence interval 31.3 to 38.1) units v 39.4 (38.1 to 40.8) units in women with no fracture) whereas the group with spinal fracture had a normal baseline bone mineral content (38.1 (35.0 to 41.1) units) but an increased rate of loss (-2.4 (-3.5 to -1.3)%/year v -1.8 (-2.1 to -1.5)%/year in women with no fracture). CONCLUSIONS--One baseline measurement of bone mass combined with a single estimation of the rate of bone loss can reliably identify the women at menopause who are at highest risk of developing osteoporosis later in life. The rate of loss may have an independent role in likelihood of vertebral fracture.     

Short-Term Oral Magnesium Supplementation Suppresses Bone Turnover in Postmenopausal Osteoporotic Women

Magnesium has been shown to increase bone mineral density when used in the treatment of osteoporosis, yet its mechanism of action is obscure. In this study, the effects of daily oral magnesium supplementation on biochemical markers of bone turnover were investigated. Twenty postmenopausal women have been divided into two groups. Ten patients were given magnesium citrate (1,830 mg/day) orally for 30 days. Ten postmenopausal women of matching age, menopause duration, and BMI were recruited as the control group and followed without any medication. Fasting blood and first-void urine samples were collected on days 0, 1, 5, 10, 20, and 30, respectively. Total magnesium, calcium, phosphorus, iPTH and osteocalcin were determined in blood samples. Deoxypyridinoline levels adjusted for creatinine were measured in urine samples. Thirty consecutive days of oral magnesium supplementation caused significantly decrease in serum iPTH levels in the Mg-supplemented group (p < 0.05). Serum osteocalcin levels were significantly increased (p < 0.001) and urinary deoxypyridinoline levels were decreased (p < 0.001) in the Mg-supplemented group. This study has demonstrated that oral magnesium supplementation in postmenopausal osteoporotic women suppresses bone turnover.     

Bone mineral density in Addison's disease: evidence for an effect of adrenal androgens on bone mass.

It is unknown whether replacement doses of cortisone acetate and the absence of the small amounts of androgens secreted by the adrenal cortex may cause osteoporosis. This was studied in 35 patients (12 men and 23 women) suffering from primary adrenocortical failure and taking cortisone acetate 25-37.5 mg and fludrocortisone 50-100 micrograms daily. Bone mineral density was measured by single photon absorptiometry at the midshaft of the radius, representing cortical bone, and at the distal part of the radius, a site with a significant trabecular component. The bone mineral density was normal in premenopausal female patients as well as in male patients, showing that replacement doses of cortisone acetate do not affect bone mass. By contrast, in postmenopausal patients there was a dramatic bone loss in addition to the physiological postmenopausal decrease in bone mass. This loss, combined with the low plasma concentrations of androstenedione, dehydroepiandrosterone, and testosterone (and low concentrations of oestrone of adrenal origin), indicates that adrenal androgens may be essential for the maintenance of bone mass in postmenopausal women with Addison''s disease. In addition, these data indicate that the small amounts of androgens secreted by the adrenal cortex have a role in the maintenance of bone mass in normal postmenopausal women.     

Relation of common allelic variation at vitamin D receptor locus to bone mineral density and postmenopausal bone loss: cross sectional and longitudinal population study.

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether common allelic variation at the vitamin D receptor locus is related to bone mineral density and postmenopausal bone loss. DESIGN: Cross sectional and longitudinal population study. SETTING: Outpatient clinic in research centre. SUBJECTS: 599 healthy women aged 27 to 72 and 125 women with low bone mass aged 55-77 had bone mineral density measured once in the cross sectional study. 136 women aged 45-54 were followed up for 18 years in the longitudinal study. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Bone mineral density measured at the lumbar spine, hip, and forearm and rate of bone loss at different times over 18 years in relation to vitamin D receptor genotype as defined by the endonucleases ApaI, EsmI, and TaqI. RESULTS: Vitamin D receptor genotype was not related to bone mineral density at any site. The maximum difference between homozygotes was 1.3% (P = 0.33, n = 723). Women with low bone mineral density had almost the same genotype frequencies as the women with normal bone mineral densities. Vitamin D receptor genotype was not related to early postmenopausal bone loss from age 51 to 53 (mean (SD) total loss at the lower forearm -3.6% (3.6%)), late postmenopausal bone loss from age 63 to 69 (at the hip-6.2% (8.7%)), or to long term postmenopausal loss from age 51 to 69 (at the lower forearm-24.5% (11.4%)). CONCLUSION: Common allelic variation at the vitamin D receptor locus as defined by the endonucleases ApaI, EsmI, and TaqI is related neither to bone mineral density nor to the rate of bone loss in healthy postmenopausal Danish women.     

Perspectives on using nonhuman primates to understand the etiology and treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis

The reproductive physiology and skeletal anatomy of nonhuman primates are very similar to those of women and these similarities have prompted studies of the effects of ovariectomy in monkeys on bone metabolism. Following ovariectomy, monkey bone exhibits increases in remodeling activity resulting in bone loss. Since similar bone changes occur after menopause in women, ovariectomized monkeys provide an excellent model of the early skeletal events following menopause and have been employed to study the skeletal actions of drugs designed to treat postmenopausal osteoporosis. This review describes the motivations for examining monkeys, practical aspects of working with monkeys, comparisons of human and monkey bone anatomy, endocrinological aspects of monkey bone metabolism, and the available data obtained in monkeys related to postmenopausal and other forms of osteoporosis.     

The effect of dehydroepiandrosterone administration on intestinal calcium absorption in ovariectomized female rats

[Purpose] Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) administration reportedly recovers osteoporosis, a bone disorder associated with bone deficiency in postmenopausal women. However, the physiological mechanism of DHEA in osteoporosis remains elusive, especially in terms of intestinal calcium absorption. Therefore, we investigated the effect of DHEA administration on calcium absorption in ovariectomized (OVX) female rats using an estrogen receptor antagonist.[Methods] Female Sprague-Dawley rats (n=23, 6 weeks old) were randomized into three groups: OVX control group (OC, n=7), OVX with DHEA treatment group (OD, n=8), and OVX with DHEA inhibitor group (ODI, n=8) for 8 weeks.[Results] Intestinal calcium accumulation, as well as the rate of absorption, demonstrated no significant differences during the experimental period among investigated groups. The bone mineral density (BMD) of the tibia at the proximal metaphysis was higher in the OD group than that in the OC group (p<0.05); however, BMD of the ODI group showed no significant difference from investigated groups. Furthermore, the BMD of the tibia at the diaphysis did not significantly differ among these groups.[Conclusion] We revealed that DHEA administration does not involve intestinal Ca absorption, although this treatment improves BMD levels in OVX rats. These observations indicate that the effect of DHEA on the bone in postmenopausal women is solely due to its influence on bone metabolism and not intestinal calcium absorption.     

Vitamin K in combination with other biochemical markers to diagnose osteoporosis.

The significance of a multiparametric classification approach of vitamin K is analysed to differentiate premenopausal (CTRL), postmenopausal non-osteoporotic (nOSP) and osteoporotic (OSP) women. Data records of women between 28 and 74 years of age were used for evaluation. Bone mineral density was determined by quantitative computed tomography of the lumbar spine using the T-score to diagnose osteoporosis. Vitamin K and biochemical markers of bone formation and resorption--alkaline phosphatase (AP), bone alkaline phosphatase (bAP), osteocalcin (OC), undercarboxylated osteocalcin (ucOC), procollagen type I carboxyterminal propeptide (PICP), pyridinoline (PYD), deoxypyridinoline (DPD), N-terminal cross-linked telopeptide of type I collagen (NTx) and bone sialo protein (BSP)--were analysed in all women on days 1 and 42. Vitamin K was significantly lower in the OSP group versus nOSP and CTRL. The odds ratio results revealed the following: vitamin K, 16.7; PYD, 7.5; NTx, 6.0; DPD, 2.7; and ucOC, 2.7. Vitamin K represented a sensitivity rate of 64% and a specificity rate of 82%. In the receiver operating curve analysis, vitamin K reached the highest area under curve (AUC) score. The combination of vitamin K and AP, bAP and PYD resulted in increased AUC scores (>0.9). The parameter combination of vitamin K/PYD and vitamin K/bAP demonstrated a sensitivity rate of 75-88%, with a specificity rate of more than 82%. The data suggests that a combination of vitamin K with other biochemical bone indices might be a useful tool for assessing bone metabolism, especially in metabolic bone diseases such as osteoporosis.