人参内生球毛壳菌株RSQMK-9的化学成分研究北大核心CSCD

从人参内生球毛壳菌株RSQMK-9的发酵培养物中提取分离得到14个代谢产物,通过波谱分析鉴定其结构分别为麦角甾醇(1)、4,6,8,22-四烯-3-酮-麦角甾烷(2)、啤酒甾醇(3)、9(11)-去氢麦角甾醇过氧化物(4)、alternariol(5)、大黄素甲醚(6)、3-吲哚甲酸(7)、2,3,4-三甲基-5,7-二羟基-2,3-二氢苯并呋喃(8)、2-氨基苯甲酰胺(9)、2-氨基苯甲酸(10)、3-甲基苔色酸(11)、甘露醇(12)、chaetoglobosin A(13)及5'-epichaetovirdin A(14)。这些化合物均为首次从人参内生球毛壳菌中发现,而且化合物6为首次从该属真菌中分离到。海虾致死试验结果显示:10μg/mL浓度下,化合物13和14对丰年虾的致死率分别为83.4%和54.3%。     

人参内生球毛壳菌株RSQMK-9的化学成分研究

从人参内生球毛壳菌株RSQMK-9的发酵培养物中提取分离得到14个代谢产物,通过波谱分析鉴定其结构分别为麦角甾醇(1)、4,6,8,22-四烯-3-酮-麦角甾烷(2)、啤酒甾醇(3)、9(11)-去氢麦角甾醇过氧化物(4)、alternariol(5)、大黄素甲醚(6)、3-吲哚甲酸(7)、2,3,4-三甲基-5,7-二羟基-2,3-二氢苯并呋喃(8)、2-氨基苯甲酰胺(9)、2-氨基苯甲酸(10)、3-甲基苔色酸(11)、甘露醇(12)、chaetoglobosin A(13)及5'-epichaetovirdin A(14)。这些化合物均为首次从人参内生球毛壳菌中发现,而且化合物6为首次从该属真菌中分离到。海虾致死试验结果显示:10μg/mL浓度下,化合物13和14对丰年虾的致死率分别为83.4%和54.3%。     

蛇足石杉中的新内生真菌及其代谢产物的分离与鉴定

从蛇足石杉内生菌的次级代谢产物中寻找活性成分,为进一步开发利用蛇足石杉药用植物资源提供了新途径,但至今其内生菌代谢产物的系统性研究较为少见。种类丰富的内生真菌普遍存在于各种植物中,但蕨类植物中内生真菌的研究较少。为了寻找蛇足石杉内生菌中的细胞毒活性成分,该研究从蛇足石杉根部分离得到一株球毛壳属(Chaetomium sp.)真菌M336,对其化学成分进行了研究。对蛇足石杉内生真菌M336采用PDA固体培养基扩大发酵,发酵物经提取及乙酸乙酯萃取后,通过正相硅胶柱色谱法、Sephadex LH-20凝胶柱色谱法、薄层制备、高效液相色谱等色谱手段对其发酵物中的化学成分进行分离纯化,利用理化性质、质谱、核磁等波谱分析技术,并结合相关文献数据鉴定化合物的结构。结果表明：从内生真菌M336发酵提取物的乙酸乙酯萃取部分分离并鉴定出8个化合物,分别为chaetoviridines F、chaetoviridines E、5′-epichaetoviridin A、5′-epichaetoviridin A、xanthoquinodins Al、xanthoquinodins A2、xanthoquinodins B1和毛壳菌素。从M336中分离得到8个化合物,化合物3有一定的抑菌作用,其余化合物有一定的细胞毒活性。该研究结果丰富了蛇足石杉内生真菌球毛壳属中的天然细胞毒活性的化合物。     

滇牡丹内生真菌Alternaria sp.PR-14的代谢产物研究

从滇牡丹内生真菌交链孢霉属(Alternaria sp.)菌株PR-14的发酵液提取物中分离得到6个化合物,通过波谱技术分别鉴定为交链孢酚(1)、djalonensone(2)、脑苷酯B(3)、脑苷酯C(4)、(2S,3S,4R,2’R)-2-(2’-hydroxytetracosanoylamino)octadecane-1,3,4-triol(5)和甘露糖醇(6),以上化合物均为首次从滇牡丹内生真菌中分离得到。     

云南美登木内生真菌Chaetomium globosum Ly50′菌株的抗菌活性成分研究

从云南美登木叶中分离筛选到具抗菌活性的内生真菌Chaetomium globosum Ly50′菌株,利用活性追踪法在其发酵产物中分离到抗橙色青霉和抗结核分枝杆菌的化合物,经ESI-MS、NMR等波谱数据确认该活性成分为球毛壳甲素,chaetoglobosin A和球毛壳乙素chaetoglobosin B.首次发现chaetoglobosin B具有抗结核分支杆菌活性.     

蛇足石杉内生真菌Neofusicoccum sp. F483的化学成份研究

植物内生真菌是重要的生物资源,来自植物不同组织的内生菌还有一大部分未被人们所认识,该研究通过查阅国内外相关文献,发现内生菌产生的化合物大多具有生物学活性。在此基础上以蛇足石杉(Huperzia serrata)为材料,从其茎部分离纯化得到1株内生真菌,提取这株真菌的总DNA,用PCR扩增ITS片段,将测序结果在GenBank数据库中进行比对,最终鉴定为葡萄座腔菌属(Neofusicoccumsp.)。具体方法:(1)对内生真菌Neofusicoccumsp.F483进行固体培养基发酵,并用混合有机溶剂提取得代谢产物;(2)采用硅胶、Sephadex LH-20凝胶色谱柱层析、半制备HPLC等方法对代谢产物的化学成分进行分离;(3)利用理化性质及1 H-NMR、13C-NMR、ESI-MS等波谱数据鉴定化合物结构。结果表明:共分离得到8个化合物,经过波谱数据分析并结合文献对照鉴定结构为fusaproliferin(1)、过氧麦角甾醇(2)、麦角甾醇(3)、1-(furan-2-yl)-2-hydroxyethanone(4)、脑苷脂C(5)、腺嘌呤核苷(6)、versicolactone B(7)、versicolactone A(8)。该研究结果可为进一步从植物内生菌中挖掘有价值的天然活性产物奠定基础,为新的药用植物内生菌资源的开发利用提供理论依据。     

南海半红树植物黄槿内源真菌GT20036029代谢产物研究

应用多种色谱技术从半红树药用植物黄槿内生真菌GT20036029中分离得到9个化合物,通过波谱学方法并与已知化合物数据作比较,鉴定它们分别为N-(2-羟基苯乙基)乙酰胺(1)、环(L-脯氨酸-D-异亮氨酸)(2)、环(L-亮氨酸-L-脯氨酸)(3)、环(D-亮氨酸-L-脯氨酸)(4)、环(亮氨酸-酪氨酸)(5)、环(苯丙氨酸-丝氨酸)(6)、脑苷脂B(7)、(25S)-纽替皂苷元-3-O-α-L-鼠李糖-(1→2)-β-D-葡萄糖苷(8)和(25S)-异纽替皂苷元-3-O-α-L-鼠李糖-(1→2)-β-D-葡萄糖苷(9)。化合物1为首次从海洋真菌代谢产物中分离得到。化合物8显示了较好的肿瘤细胞生长抑制活性。     

红树植物老鼠簕内生真菌Aspergillus flavipes AIL8化学成分的研究

利用硅胶柱层析、Sephadex LH-20凝胶柱层析及半制备高效液相色谱等分离手段对红树林老鼠簕内生真菌Aspergillus flavipes AIL8的提取物进行分离纯化,并利用各种波谱方法,结合文献对照,确定化合物结构。从提取物中分离得到6个化合物,经鉴定为4-羟基-3-甲氧基-5-[(2E,6E)-3,7,11-三甲基十二烷-2,6,10-三烯-1-基]苯甲酸(1)、芳香类内酯化合物(2)、一癸酸甘油酯(3)、菜子甾醇(4)、7,22(E)-麦角二烯-3β,5α,6β-三醇(5)和麦角甾-6,22-二烯-5α,8α-环二氧-3β-醇(6)。6个化合物均为首次从红树林老鼠簕内生真菌A.flavipes AIL8中分离得到,其中化合物1为新天然产物。     

非洲隔囊蚁巢伞的化学成分研究(英文)

从肯尼亚安波塞利产的隔囊蚁巢伞(Termitomyces schimperi)子实体中分离得到8个已知化合物,通过波谱方法鉴定它们的结构为(22E,24R)-麦角甾-5,7,22-三烯-3β-醇(1),(3β,5α,9α-三羟基麦角甾-7,22-二烯-6-酮(2),5α,8α-过氧-(22E,24R)-麦角甾-6,22-二烯-3β-醇(3),麦角甾-4,6,8(14),22-四烯-3-酮(4),D-阿拉伯糖醇(5),D-半乳糖醇(6),脑苷脂B(7)和脑苷脂D(8)。所有化合物均首次从该真菌中分离得到。     

宁前胡内生真菌Fusarium tricinctum固体发酵代谢产物研究

为了解宁前胡内生真菌Fusarium tricinctum固体发酵代谢产物的化学成分,采用硅胶色谱、中压以及制备液相等方法对其进行分离鉴定和抗肿瘤活性研究。结果表明,从其中分离得到14个化合物,结构鉴定分别为fungerin (1)、fusagerins F (2)、6-[(3R)-3-hydroxybutan-2-yl]-5-(hydroxymethyl)-4-methoxy-2H-pyran-2-one (3)、6-[(3S)-3-hydroxybutan-2-yl]-5-(hydroxymethyl)-4-methoxy-2H-pyran-2-one(4)、6α-chlamydosporol(5)、6β-chlamydosporol(6)、(3R,4R)-(–)-4-hydroxymellein(7)、(3R)-(–)-8-hydroxymellein (8)、enniatin B (9)、enniatin B1 (10)、enniatin A1 (11)、enniatin A (12)、enniatin B3 (13)和enniatin B2 (14)。所有化合物均为首次从宁前胡内生真菌中分离得到。体外抗肿瘤活性试验表明化合物均无显著的细胞毒活性。     

Aureonitols A and B,Two New C13‐Polyketides from Chaetomium globosum,an Endophytic Fungus in Salvia miltiorrhiza

Two new C₁₃‐polyketides, aureonitols A and B ( 1 and 2 ), along with five known compounds ( 3 – 7 ), were isolated from the solid fermentation culture of the plant endophytic fungus Chaetomium globosum from the aerial parts of Salvia miltiorrhiza. The structures and absolute configurations of 1 and 2 were determined by comprehensive spectroscopic data analysis and computed methods. Compound 5 was found to display the remarkable antimicrobial activities against four multidrug‐resistant bacteria (Enterococcus faecalis, Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, and Staphylococcus epidermidis) with MIC values of 3.13–6.25 μg/mL (ciprofloxacin: 0.78–1.56 μg/mL), and also against all tested fungal strains with MIC values of 3.13–25 μg/mL (ketoconazole: 0.78–12.50 μg/mL).     

Production of extracellular proteins,cellulases and antifungal metabolites by Chaetomium globosum Kunze ex. Fr.

Chaetomium globosum has been well-known potential antagonist of several seed and soilborne fungus. Eight isolates of C. globosum were obtained from different sources and were identified by morphological characters. C. globosum isolates examined for the presence of extra cellular proteins, cellulases and antifungal metabolites in culture filtrate by sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), thin-layer chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatography. Variation in the mycelial protein of C. globosum isolates was noted in the SDS-PAGE analysis. Different C. globosum isolates that showed more number of bands in protein profile was further screened for the production of cellulases in culture filtrate. Cellulase activity of C. globosum isolates revealed that maximum activity was observed in the isolate Cg-6 after 11?days of incubation, while Cg-2 had least activity. C. globosum isolates were tested for antibiotic production, among which three isolates viz. Cg-6, Cg-7 and Cg-5 were found to produce the antibiotic Chaetoglobosin A in the culture filtrate. The antibiotic Chaetoglobosin A appeared blue colour under UV spectrum with a wavelength of 250?nm.     

球毛壳菌H6次级代谢产物及其α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性

采用体外α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制模型对一株球毛壳菌H6的发酵液和菌丝体两种乙酸乙酯提取物进行活性评价,结果表明,发酵液乙酸乙酯提取物对α-葡萄糖苷酶具有较强的抑制活性,其IC₅₀值为(510.76±23.46)μg/mL。采用硅胶、Sephadex LH-20、半制备高效液相等色谱技术从其发酵液乙酸乙酯提取物中分离得到12个化合物。通过各种光谱分析,依次鉴定为chaetoviridins A-B(1-2),chaetoglobosins A-D(3-6),chaetoglobosin J(7),chaetoglobosin Q(8),prochaetogobosinsⅠ-Ⅲ(9-11),vibratilicin(12),其中化合物12为首次从毛壳属中分离得到。对化合物进行α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性测定发现,化合物12显示弱的抑制活性,其IC₅₀为(1 182.75±19.14)μg/mL。     

Antifungal activity against plant pathogenic fungi of chaetoviridins isolated from Chaetomium globosum

The Chaetomium globosum strain F0142, which was isolated from barnyard grass, showed potent disease control efficacy against rice blast (Magnaporthe grisea) and wheat leaf rust (Puccinia recondita). Two antifungal substances were purified from broth from this organism and identified as chaetoviridins A and B. Chaetoviridin A exhibited higher antifungal activity than chaetoviridin B against plant pathogenic fungi both in vitro and in vivo. Treatment with chaetoviridin A at 62.5 microg/mL suppressed the development of rice blast and wheat leaf rust by over 80%. The molecule also exhibited moderate control of tomato late blight, resulting in 50% control following the application of 125 microg/mL chaetoviridin A.     

球毛壳菌甘油醛-3-磷酸脱氢酶基因克隆及特性分析

用粗糙脉孢菌(Neurospora crassa,XP_327967)和菜豆炭疽病菌(Colletotrichum lindemuthianu,P35143)的甘油醛_3_磷酸脱氢酶基因(Glyceraldehyde 3_phosphatedehydrogenase,GAPDH)氨基酸序列对球毛壳菌(Chaetomium globosum)菌丝ESTs序列本地数据库进行tBlastn检索,获得了球毛壳菌GAPDH全长cDNA序列。该序列长1240bp,开放阅读框1014bp,编码337个氨基酸组成的多肽,蛋白分子量为36.1kD。用PCR方法克隆了该基因的DNA序列,序列长为1556bp,由2个内含子和3个外显子组成。BlastP同源性分析表明该基因与鹅掌柄孢壳(Podosporaanserine)同源性最高为95%;与米曲霉(Aspergillusoryzae)同源性最低为87%。GAPDH酵母转化子生物功能分析表明转化子对Na2CO3和高温有高的耐受性,证明GAPDH为抗胁迫基因。该基因的cDNA序列、DNA序列及推测的氨基酸序列在GenBank登录(登录号分别为AY522719,AY593253,AAS01412)。     

球毛壳菌（Chaetomium globosum）过氧化物膜蛋白过敏原基因克隆、序列分析及原核表达

以球毛壳菌cDNA文库中获得过氧化物膜蛋白（pero）基因片段（GenBank Accn:BP099709）为基础,用RACE 技术获得该基因的全长cDNA序列。序列长747bp,由412bp的3′RACE产物和508bp的5′RACE产物拼接而成。开放阅读框501bp,编码166个氨基酸,蛋白分子量为17.5kD,理论等电点为5.75。利用cDNA两侧非编码区序列作引物克隆出该基因的DNA序列,序列分析表明该基因由2个内含子和3个外显子组成。ClustalX多序列比对表明：该基因与粗糙脉孢菌（Neurospora crassa）的过氧化物膜蛋白过敏原同源性最高（83%）。将pero基因编码区克隆到原核表达载体pET28a中,构建成表达质粒pET28a-pero并转化大肠杆菌BL21,IPTG诱导后SDS-PAGE检测表达情况,结果发现在21kD处有一特异性融合蛋白带,大小与预期相符,说明该基因已经在大肠杆菌中表达。克隆的cDNA序列、DNA序列及推测的氨基酸序列在GenBank登录(登录号分别为AY555771,AY584753,AAS66898)。     

High expression level of antioxidants and pharmaceutical bioactivities of endophytic fungus Chaetomium globosum JN711454

In order to maximize antioxidant activity of pharmaceutical bioactive endophytic fungus Chaetomium globosum JN711454 during fermentation process, designed fermentation experiments of culture media for three levels of eight culture factors were performed using a Taguchi orthogonal array (OA) design with layout L18 (2¹ × 3⁷). The agitation and the potato extract were the most significant affecting factors, and their interaction contributed significantly to fungus activity. The production of antioxidants was more favorable for static condition with 25 g potato extract/100 m. The remaining factors had no strong impact when considered individually. The validation of statistically optimized medium indicated the improvement of antioxidant activity to a level of twofold with approximately overall 40% enhancement in activity. The extract of optimized medium was investigated for various pharmaceutical bioactivities; it revealed a moderate antimicrobial activity, strong anticancer activity against HepG-2, UACC62 cell lines, an antiviral activity against HSV-2 virus, and strong inhibitory activity to butyrylcholinesterase enzyme, one of the neurohydrolase enzymes that play a major role in development of Alzheimer’s disease. As a result of applying statistical fermentation designs, the optimized conditions of endophytic fungus C. globosum JN711454 developed a cost-effective production medium by using inexpensive commercial potato extracts statically, which can lower the energy requirement and could become an efficient, economic, and viable fermentation process for production of pharmaceutical secondary metabolites.     

球毛壳菌组蛋白H3基因克隆与特性分析

构建了球毛壳菌菌丝的cDNA文库,并获得了1410条ESTs序列,用里氏木霉(Hypocrea jecorina,AAM76068)和粗糙脉胞菌(Neurospora crassa,CAA25761)的组蛋白H3基因(Histone H3)蛋白序列对球毛壳菌(Chaetomium globosum)ESTs序列本地数据库进行tBlastn检索,获得了球毛壳菌组蛋白H3cDNA序列。cDNA序列全长739bp,开放阅读框411bp,编码136个氨基酸组成的多肽,蛋白分子量为15.4kD。BlastP同源性分析表明该基因与里氏木霉同源性最高为100%;与地钱(Marchantia polymorpha)同源性最低为95%。三级结构预测表明,该蛋白C端为球状结构域,而N端结构对其发挥调控作用起重要作用。该基因的cDNA序列及推测的氨基酸序列在GenBank登录(登录号分别为AY669068,AAT74576)。