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1.
Effects of collagen gel configuration on behavior of vascular smooth muscle cells in vitro: Association with vascular morphogenesis 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Song J Rolfe BE Hayward IP Campbell GR Campbell JH 《In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Animal》2000,36(9):600-610
Summary The growth, behavior, and contractile protein expression of rabbit aortic smooth muscle cells (SMC) grown on, between layers,
or within a collagen gel was investigated by confocal laser scanning fluorescence microscopy and Western analysis. SMC grown
on collagen gel behaved similarly to those on conventional culture dishes. However, when a second layer of collagen was overlaid,
cells underwent an elongated quiescent phase before onset of proliferation and a more than threefold lower logarithmic growth
rate was observed. These cells self-organized into a network with ring-like structures. With increasing culture time, some
of the rings developed into funnel-like, incomplete or complete tubular structures. If a tubular template preexisted within
the gel, the SMC established a cylinder-shaped tube with several circularly arranged muscular layers (similar to an artery
wall). This behavior mimicked endothelial cells during angiogenesis in vitro. A similar phenomenon occurred in cultures in
which SMC were randomly mixed in a collagen gel, but here their behavior and morphology varied with their position within
the gel. Western blot analysis showed that the SMC differentiation marker, smooth muscle myosin heavy chain-2 (SM-2), rapidly
decreased, disappearing by day 10 in SMC grown on collagen, but was still detectable until day 25 in cells cultured between
or within the same gel. These findings indicate that like endothelial cells, vascular SMC can display blood vessel formation
behavior in vitro when an appropriate three-dimensional matrix environment is provided to keep them in a relatively higher-differentiated
and low-proliferative state. 相似文献
2.
ShengZhong Duan 《中国科学:生命科学英文版》2014,57(8):809-817
Vascular remodeling is a pathological condition with structural changes of blood vessels. Both inside-out and outside-in hypothesis have been put forward to describe mechanisms of vascular remodeling. An integrated model of these two hypotheses emphasizes the importance of immune cells such as monocytes/macrophages, T cells, and dendritic cells. These immune cells are at the center stage to orchestrate cellular proliferation, migration, and interactions of themselves and other vascular cells including endothelial cells (ECs), vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), and fibroblasts. These changes on vascular wall lead to inflammation and oxidative stress that are largely responsible for vascular remodeling. Mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) is a classic nuclear receptor. MR agonist promotes inflammation and oxidative stress and therefore exacerbates vascular remodeling. Conversely, MR antagonists have the opposite effects. MR has direct roles on vascular cells through non-genomic or genomic actions to modulate inflammation and oxidative stress. Recent studies using genetic mouse models have revealed that MR in myeloid cells, VSMCs and ECs all contribute to vascular remodeling. In conclusion, data in the past years have demonstrated that MR is a critical control point in modulating vascular remodeling. Studies will continue to provide evidence with more detailed mechanisms to support this notion. 相似文献
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The process of blood vessels formation and remodeling is highly regulated by a plethora of promoting and inhibiting signals that activate a large array of signaling cascades. The main molecular players of these signaling pathways are surface-localized receptors, which can transmit signals into the cytosol. Endocytosis and intracellular trafficking, by controlling protein receptor localization, distribution, and amount in space and time, can strongly impact on cell signaling outcomes. Recent work showed that, in vascular cells, integrin adhesive receptors undertake different intracellular routes, depending on their activation state, giving more complexity to the system. In addition, the endo-exocytic cycle of angiogenic growth factor receptors is also essential to integrate multiple signals and coordinate different cellular events. 相似文献
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《Biochemical and biophysical research communications》2020,521(3):762-768
Atherosclerosis is one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide, and presents as a narrowing or occlusion of the arterial lumen. Interventions to re-open the arterial lumen can result in re-occlusion through intimal hyperplasia. Historically only de-differentiated vascular smooth muscle cells were thought to contribute to intimal hyperplasia. However recent significant evidence suggests that resident medial multipotent vascular stem cells (MVSC) may also play a role. We therefore investigated the strain response of MVSC since these resident cells are also subjected to strain within their native environment. Accordingly, we applied uniaxial 1 Hz cyclic uniaxial tensile strain at three amplitudes around a mean strain of 5%, (4–6%, 2–8% and 0–10%) to either rat MVSC or rat VSMC before their strain response was evaluated. While both cell types strain avoid, the strain avoidant response was greater for MVSC after 24 h, while VSMC strain avoid to a greater degree after 72 h. Additionally, both cell types increase strain avoidance as strain amplitude is increased. Moreover, MVSC and VSMC both demonstrate a strain-induced decrease in cell number, an effect more pronounced for MVSC. These experiments demonstrate for the first time the mechano-sensitivity of MVSC that may influence intimal thickening, and emphasizes the importance of strain amplitude in controlling the response of vascular cells in tissue engineering applications. 相似文献
6.
Sata M Fukuda D Tanaka K Kaneda Y Yashiro H Shirakawa I 《Journal of cellular and molecular medicine》2005,9(3):557-568
The accumulation of smooth muscle cells (SMCs) plays a principal role in atherogenesis, post-angioplasty restenosis and transplantation-associated vasculopathy. Therefore, much effort has been expended in targeting the migration and proliferation of medial smooth muscle cells to prevent occlusive vascular remodeling. Recent evidence suggests that bone marrow-derived circulating precursors can also give rise to endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells that contribute to vascular repair, remodeling, and lesion formation under physiological and pathological conditions. This article overviews recent findings on circulating vascular progenitor cells and describes potential therapeutic strategies that target these cells to treat occlusive vascular diseases. 相似文献
7.
Chunyu He Meili Wang Zi Yan Suli Zhang Huirong Liu 《Journal of cellular physiology》2019,234(6):7675-7682
We developed a new separation method for isolating placental vascular smooth muscle cells (PVSMCs) from a rat in this study. Our method used the magnetic force between a magnet and ferrous ferric oxide (Fe3O 4) to make the separation and extraction processes easier and more efficient. From the first to sixth generation, the cells isolated using this protocol were identified as smooth muscle cells (SMCs) by their immunoreactivity to the SMC markers and by the “hill and valley” morphology. PVSMCs were exposed to angiotensin II (1 μmol/L) and resulted in sharply increased intracellular Ca 2+ concentration. Furthermore, activation of protein kinase C (PKC) increased concomitantly with a decrease in calponin expression. These results indicate that the isolated cells had biological activity. Our method of isolating PVSMCs from rat leads to isolation of cultured cells with activity and high purity. The approach will be useful in research studies on placental vascular diseases. 相似文献
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Summary The interactions of vascular smooth muscle cells with growth modulators and extracellular matrix molecules may play a role
in the proliferation and migration of these cells after vascular injury and during the development of atherosclerosis. Time-lapse
cinematographic techniques have been used to study cell division and migration of bovine carotid artery smooth muscle cells
in response to matrix molecules consisting of solubilized basement membrane (Matrigel) and type I collagen. When cells were
grown adjacent to Matrigel, both migration and cell proliferation were increased and interdivision time was shortened. Cells
grown in Matrigel or in type I collagen had markedly reduced migration rates but interdivision time was not altered. Further,
diffusible components of the Matrigel were found to stimulate proliferation of the smooth muscle cells.
This work was supported by grants HL35684 and SCOR HL14212 from the National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD. 相似文献
11.
Tissue engineering in the vascular graft 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
12.
Improved arterial wall model by coculturing vascular endothelial and smooth muscle cells 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Niwa K Sakai J Watanabe T Ohyama T Karino T 《In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Animal》2007,43(1):17-20
We have constructed an in vitro arterial wall model by coculturing bovine arterial endothelial cells (ECs) and smooth muscle
cells (SMCs). When ECs were seeded directly over SMCs and cocultured in an ordinary culture medium, ECs grew sparsely and
did not form a confluent monolayer. Addition of ascorbic acid to the culture medium at concentrations greater than 50 μg/ml
increased the production of type IV collagen by the SMCs, and ECs formed a confluent monolayer covering the entire surface
of SMCs. Histological studies showed that the thickness of the cell layer composed of ECs and SMCs increased with increasing
duration of coculture. This arterial wall model, prepared by our method, may serve as a simple and good in vitro model to
study the effects of factors such as biological chemicals and shear stress on cell proliferation and other physiological functions
of arterial walls. 相似文献
13.
WenGong Wang 《中国科学:生命科学英文版》2014,57(8):863-866
HuR(ELAV11(embryonic lethal,abnormal vision)-like 1),a ubiquitously expressed member of the ELAV-like RNA-binding protein family,has been shown to regulate the stability and translation of mRNAs that encode factors regulating cellular senescence,thereby impacting on aging.In this review,we discuss the current knowledge of HuR’s role in vascular cell senescence and vascular aging. 相似文献
14.
Aaron Heifetz Alice R. Johnson Mary K. Roberts 《Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)/General Subjects》1984,798(1):1-7
Human vascular endothelial cells synthesize lactosaminoglycan-type glycoproteins which are found both associated with cells and secreted into the culture medium. Pronase-derived glycopeptides prepared from [3H]glucosamine-labeled glycoproteins were found to contain about 10% of the labeled products as a large size (Mr > 5000) 3H-labeled glycopeptide. Digestion of these 3H-labeled glycopeptides with endo-β-galactosidase resulted in the release of smaller size saccharides, which were characterized as having the structure sialic acid → Gal → GlcNAc → Gal. Treatment of [3H]glucosamine-labeled cells with melittin caused 3H-labeled glycoconjugates to be released from the cells. Separation of released glycoproteins from proteoglycans by DEAE-cellulose chromatography indicated that melittin had released 25% of the total 3H-labeled glycoproteins from the cell and 3% of the 3H-labeled proteoglycans. The 3H-labeled glycoproteins were digested with Pronase and the resulting 3H-labeled glycopeptides were fractionated on Sephadex G-50. The large size fraction (Mr > 5000) now comprised about 30% of these released 3H-labeled glycopeptides. These high molecular weight 3H-labeled glycopeptides were degraded with endo-β-galactosidase but not with testicular hyaluronidase. Analysis of the released 3H-labeled glycoproteins indicated a preferential release of glycoproteins of 70–90 kDa enriched in lactosaminoglycan-type oligosaccharides. 相似文献
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The long preservation and recovery of functional (contractile) properties in cultured aortic smooth muscle cells, even after replating or deep-frozen storage and the measurement of their responses are now technically settled issues. We could thus study extensively the responses of single cultured cells from rat thoracic aorta. Responses were elicited by the addition of KCl 40 mmol/L without or with a calcium blocker PN 200-100 (10–6 mol/L); angiostein II (10–11–10–6 mol/L) without or with antagonist (losartan 10–5 mol/L); or serotonin (10–9–10–4 mol/L) without or with antagonist (naftidrofuryl 10–5 mol/L). Results thus obtained enabled us to propose a new hypothesis for the interpretation of the contractile responses of an elastic vascular smooth muscle. The different maximal effects of different agonists result mainly from the different proportions of cells they can mobilize; the agonist concentration-contraction relationship is mainly due to the increase of the proportion of cells involved up to a maximal value typical of the agonist used. An antagonist primarily reduce the proportion of cells an agonist can mobilize. Some of the consequences of this hypothesis are briefly outlined. 相似文献
18.
Paul Stephenson Beth A. Collins Philip D. Reid Bernard Rubinstein 《American journal of botany》1996,83(2):140-147
The selective degradation of proteins, an essential process of any developmental program, may entail conjugation of the protein to be destroyed to the polypeptide ubiquitin. Experiments were designed to localize ubiquitin as a first step in determining whether this molecule is crucial for certain developmental processes in plant tissues and cells. Antibodies to ubiquitinated protein were detected on tissue prints of cross sections of bean petioles (Phaseolus vulgaris, Fabaceae), cotton hypocotyls (Gossypium hirsutum, Malvaceae), and Coleus stems (Coleus x hybridus, Lamiaceae). For most of the material investigated, there appears to be an accumulation of ubiquitin antibodies in vascular tissues, but not preferentially in the abscission zone of bean petioles. Vascular localization was confirmed using immunohistochemical methods on fixed and sectioned internodal tissues of Coleus. Antibodies to ubiquitin are detected in parenchyma cells of the cortex and pith, but are most concentrated in the xylem, especially secondary xylem, and in the cambial region, and in the phloem. Thus, ubiquitin accumulates in certain vascular tissues, some of which may be undergoing programmed cell death. Ubiquitin can also be detected in nondifferentiating cells, and its level is elevated in rapidly dividing cambial cells. 相似文献
19.
Takao Hikita Fatemeh Mirzapourshafiyi Pedro Barbacena Meghan Riddell Ayesha Pasha Mengnan Li Takuji Kawamura Ralf P Brandes Tomonori Hirose Shigeo Ohno Holger Gerhardt Michiyuki Matsuda Claudio A Franco Masanori Nakayama 《EMBO reports》2018,19(9)
Impaired cell polarity is a hallmark of diseased tissue. In the cardiovascular system, laminar blood flow induces endothelial planar cell polarity, represented by elongated cell shape and asymmetric distribution of intracellular organelles along the axis of blood flow. Disrupted endothelial planar polarity is considered to be pro‐inflammatory, suggesting that the establishment of endothelial polarity elicits an anti‐inflammatory response. However, a causative relationship between polarity and inflammatory responses has not been firmly established. Here, we find that a cell polarity protein, PAR‐3, is an essential gatekeeper of GSK3β activity in response to laminar blood flow. We show that flow‐induced spatial distribution of PAR‐3/aPKCλ and aPKCλ/GSK3β complexes controls local GSK3β activity and thereby regulates endothelial planar polarity. The spatial information for GSK3β activation is essential for flow‐dependent polarity to the flow axis, but is not necessary for flow‐induced anti‐inflammatory response. Our results shed light on a novel relationship between endothelial polarity and vascular homeostasis highlighting avenues for novel therapeutic strategies. 相似文献
20.
Formation of the vasculature is an essential developmental process, delivering oxygen and nutrients to support cellular processes needed for tissue growth and maturation. Retinoic acid (RA) and its downstream signaling pathway is vital for normal pre‐ and post‐natal development, playing key roles in the specification and formation of many organs and tissues. Here, we review the role of RA in blood and lymph vascular development, beginning with embryonic yolk sac vasculogenesis and remodeling and discussing RA's organ‐specific roles in angiogenesis and vessel maturation. In particular, we highlight the multi‐faceted role of RA signaling in CNS vascular development and acquisition of blood–brain barrier properties. 相似文献