贵州小檗属植物(小檗科)叶脉序研究

采用制作叶脉标本和透明叶标本的方法,对贵州产28种2变种小檗属植物叶脉特征进行比较研究。结果表明:贵州小檗属植物的脉序类型有5种:半达缘羽状脉、花环状半达缘羽状脉、简单弓形羽状脉、花环状弓形羽状脉和混合型。叶脉分支一般有五级:1一级脉构架均为羽状脉,粗度有很粗、粗、中等粗细和纤细四种类型,分支方式包括单轴分支和合轴分支;2粗二级脉构架中有分支达缘或分支均不达缘,与中脉夹角变化各异,内二级脉存在或缺失,细二级脉半达缘、真曲行或简单弓形,间二级脉类型复杂多变但频度种间有差异;3三级脉贯串型、结网型或分支型;4四、五级脉网状或自由分支且常混合在一起。脉间区从发育差到良好,小脉从不分支到不均等分支等各种类型均有,叶缘末级脉缺失、不完整、钉状和环状。大部分种类叶缘具齿,每1cm齿数目和齿内腺点的特性等特征在不同种类间有区别,具有鉴定价值,但齿其它特征复杂多变或种间区别较小,同时齿内脉性状也不稳定。此外,齿的有无会对脉序类型产生影响。小檗属植物叶脉类型存在种间差异,具有重要的分类学价值,叶脉类型的变化和复杂程度显示了该属植物的进化特点;叶齿的有无和齿特征具有分类学和系统学意义。基于叶脉特征的研究结果并结合重要的外部形态学特征编制了贵州小檗属植物的分种检索表。研究结果可为小檗属植物分类寻找新的依据并探讨其系统学意义。     

中国吴茱萸属(广义)叶结构特征及其分类学意义北大核心CSCD

该研究以中国产芸香科广义吴茱萸属18种3变种为材料,于体视显微镜下观察叶结构特征。结果发现:(1)吴茱萸属叶脉为羽状脉。(2)二级脉有花环状弓形脉和简单弓形脉两种类型,极少数存在内二级脉,间二级脉存在或缺失。(3)三级脉不规则网状或极少数弱贯穿,边缘三级脉环状。(4)四级脉不规则网状或自由分支。(5)五级脉不规则网状或自由分支,脉间区发育差或中等,游离端小脉末端简单或管状异形,边缘末级脉大多数不完整,极少数环状。(6)基于重要的外部形态学特征和叶结构特征观察结果,编制了广义吴茱萸属植物的分组检索表。研究表明,吴茱萸属这些类群的二级脉与更高级脉序形成的结构极为稳定,同时又存在种间差异,故广义吴茱萸属植物叶结构特征可以为更准确地鉴定一些疑难种和混淆种提供佐证,具有重要的系统分类学价值。     

中国拳参属(蓼科)植物叶脉序式样的研究

用清净标本制作法对中国产拳参属（Bistorta）（蓼科）12种1变种植物的叶脉序式样在光镜下进行了比较研究。结果表明,叶脉序式样可分为3种类型：（1）环结曲行羽状脉,边缘末级脉不完全,加粗且外卷;（2）环结曲行荆状脉,二级脉与其余各级脉近等粗,边缘末级脉具边脉,不加粗;（3）直行羽状脉,盲脉无或偶有,边缘末级脉不完全,不加粗。依据叶脉序式样,结合其植物习性及外部形态特征,将拳参属植物划分为3个组：拳参组section Bistortu,乌饭树叶蓼组section Vacciniifolia F．Z．Li,L．X．Liu ＆ Y．T．Hou,sect．nov．和匍枝蓼组section Bambuphyllum F．Z．Li,L．X．Liu ＆ Y．T．Hou,sect．nov．。     

中国木犀属植物叶脉形态及其分类学意义

观察了中国木犀属植物4组19种叶脉形态。主要分析木犀属植物叶片脉序走向,脉序为环结曲行或半直行羽状脉。二级脉急转曲行或半直行,叶脉分支一般为4级,少数5级。盲脉1～2次分支,少数3次或不分支。仅柊树叶缘末级脉汇合成边脉.部分叶缘具齿,叶缘齿性状不稳定,因其内主脉不同而在本属种间表现出一个连续的变异过程。圆锥花序组与李榄属和木犀榄属从叶片脉序特征方面表现出较近的亲缘关系。四个组的叶脉形态在演化上关系上与花粉形态表现相一致。编写了叶片脉序特征分种检索表。     

中国云实属植物叶脉形态学

对中国云实属植物小叶叶片脉序的观察表明,该属植物小叶叶片脉序类型非常一致,均为环结曲行羽状脉,二级脉急转曲行.叶脉分支一般为四级,少数达五级.盲脉不分支或分支较少,最多两次分支.见血飞亚属与云实亚属叶片脉序特征相似,属于同一自然类群.编写了中国云实属植物叶片脉序特征分种检索表.     

中国无患子科植物的叶脉形态及其系统学意义

对国产狭义无患子科25属27种植物的叶脉形态特征进行了研究报道。结果表明：叶脉均属于羽状脉类型,其中多数为曲行羽状脉,部分为直行羽状脉;叶缘有全缘、具齿和深裂3种类型;二级叶脉具有分支和不分支两种类型;大部分种类具二级间脉,少数不具间脉或间脉不明显;多数种类的三级脉为结网型和贯串型并存;网眼的发育有完善和不完善2种类型;盲脉有简单、具分支和无盲脉3种类型。叶脉形态研究结果支持文冠果亚科以及广义鳞花木属概念,观察发现龙眼属、荔枝属与韶子属从脉序特征方面表现出较近的亲缘关系。编写了国产无患子科叶片脉序特征检索表。     

25种广义花楸属(Sorbus)植物叶脉序特征研究

目的:探索叶脉序特征在花楸属(Sorbus)植物分类上的意义.方法:以25种花楸属植物的腊叶标本为材料,通过制作叶脉序标本及对叶脉序特征进行聚类分析.结果:25种广义花楸属植物的一级脉均为羽状脉;二级脉为达缘脉或半达缘脉,粗二级脉间距分为规则、不规则、向基部渐减3种类型,细二级脉有或无,间二级脉无,或每个二级脉区间通常...     

独行菜属植物叶片脉序的比较观察

对独行菜属（Ｌｅｐｉｄｉｕｍ）８种,１变种进行了叶片脉的比较观察,结果表明：它们的一级脉中等粗细,基部１～２对侧生,一级脉与二级脉连志成拟环结两行羽状脉;三级脉贯穿型或结网型,叶缘末级脉为不完全型,网眼大小,形状不规则,发育均为不完善型,可为探讨十字花科的系统演化提供一些形态学依据。     

中国水青冈属 （壳斗科） 叶结构及分类学意义

叶结构对壳斗科(Fagaceae)现存植物和化石的鉴定具有重要意义。通过对水青冈属5种植物叶结构特征进行细致的研究,结果发现水青冈属植物叶脉有羽状弓形脉、羽状半达缘脉两种类型;三级脉有波状对生贯穿、互生贯穿及混合贯穿三种类型;小脉缺失、简单无分支或一次分支;脉间区发育良好,网眼有三边形、四边形和五边形三种类型,排列规则;具齿种类叶齿由齿主脉和齿侧脉构成,齿侧脉环状。研究结果表明水青冈属二级脉与更高级脉序形成的结构稳定且存在种间差异,具重要分类学价值。基于水青冈属叶结构特征观察结果,本次研究编制了水青冈属植物的分种检索表;参照已有研究结果并结合重要外部形态学特征,编制了壳斗科相关类群分属检索表。     

江西产酸模属植物叶片比较解剖学研究

对江西产酸模属(Rumex L.)7种植物进行了叶形态结构的显微观察.结果表明:(1)叶片上表皮均有气孔器分布,表皮上普遍具有腺体和异细胞,叶肉中均含有晶体细胞,晶体类型为簇晶;(2)下表皮细胞特征及气孔类型、叶肉细胞的分化及排列方式、中脉维管束数目等特征具有明显的种间差异,可以作为属下种级鉴定指标;(3)小酸模在气孔类型、栅栏组织和海绵组织排列紧密程度、中脉形状及维管束数量等特征上与同属其它种类具有显著的差异,形态解剖学证据支持小酸模亚属(Subgen.Acetosella(Meisn.)Rech.)的成立;(4)根据酸模属植物气孔器类型的演化阶段,并结合孢粉学、形态学等证据,认为酸模属处于蓼科植物系统演化的较低或中等地位.通过对酸模属植物叶形态结构的比较观察,为探讨该属的系统演化关系及属下分类提供叶解剖学证据.     

我国柃属植物资源及开发前景的展望

柃属为常绿灌木或小乔木、雌雄异株、花瓣黄绿白色、虫媒花、浆果黑色,是一类极具开发潜力的园林观赏植物。对我国衿属植物的资源情况作了简要介绍,并对其开发前景进行了展望。     

广西大穗鹅耳枥林的分类和演替趋向

大穗鹅耳枥林是广西东北部黄壤山地常绿阔叶林遭受砍伐后,在保护较好的情况下迅速发展起来的一个演替阶段。本文通过群落分类的研究,从不同群丛的外貌、结构和种类组成的变化,论证其向常绿阔叶林恢复过程的演替趋向。     

滨柃叶功能性状对环境因子的响应

植物叶功能性状能反映植物对不同环境的响应及适应策略。以福建省福州市平潭海坛岛、大练岛、大怀屿的滨柃(Eurya emarginata)为研究对象,通过测定滨柃16项叶功能性状及14项环境因子,分析了环境因子对滨柃叶功能性状的影响。结果表明：(1)滨柃叶功能性状变异系数介于2.26%—25.78%,其中叶体积变异程度最大(25.78%),叶含水量变异程度最小(2.26%)。不同海岛滨柃大部分叶功能性状存在显著的差异性(P<0.05),说明滨柃叶片功能性状多样性丰富,其对异化环境表现出较强的适应性;(2)不同海岛的土壤因子指标间差异显著(P<0.05);(3)通过系统聚类可将30份滨柃聚为两类,海坛岛和大练岛为一类,大怀屿为一类,结果与海岛类型和地理分布相吻合;(4)冗余分析表明,滨柃的叶功能性状主要受郁闭度、土壤全钾、土壤有效磷、海拔、速效钾及碱解氮等环境因子的影响。研究结果表明滨柃叶片功能性状可通过一定的性状变异和性状组合,以及与环境因子间的相互作用弥补生境的不足,较好地适应海岛恶劣环境,研究结果有助于理解滨柃对不同海岛生境的响应特征及其在海岛的生态策略,对探究滨柃的资源利...     

A Revision of Genus Eurya in China

The genus Eurya was established by Thunberg in 1783 on a Japanese species E. japonica. Several decades later, many authors had made more or less intensive study on this genus. But in the earlier period, the different autherities had no clear conception of the genus. Thus Szyszylowicz (1893), Engler (1897) and Melchior (1925) entertained a much broader conception of this genus, including Freziera and Cleyera, both of which are now considered as distinct genera. A. Gray (1855), Vesque (1895), Urban (1896), and Kobuski (1935-37), however, concentrated their study only on the now accepted genus Eurya. Recently, a more detailed study of Chinese Eurya was made by Chang Hung-da (Acta Phytotax. Sin. 3 (1954) 1-59). But all of these authors did not subdivide this genus into more than subgenera except Vesque, who used the number of stamens and the septation of the anther cells to further subdivide this genus into 4 sections. In the present treatment, we base on the following characteristics to make subdivisions: the number of stamens, the septation of the anther cells, the hairness of the ovary, the length of the style, the shape and texture of the sepals, and the shape and hairness of the young branchlets. We assume that the morphology of the flowers has the following evolutionary tendencies: stamens from large (28) to small (5) numbers; anther cells from septate to nonseptate; ovary from being hairy to glabrous, styles from 5-4 free to 3 and more or less connate, from 2-6 mm to 0.5-1 mm long, and ovules from many (60) to few (2-4) in each cell. The genus Eurya has now about 140 species, being divided into 2 subgenera: Subg. Ternstroemiopsis Urban, with 2 species endemic in Sandwich Islands and Subg. Eurya with 138 species, in Asiatic tropic and subtropic regions and southwestern Pacific Islands. According to the characteristics mentioned above, we divide the second subgenus into 2 sections and 8 series, as follows: (I) Sect. Meristotheca Vesque (II) Sect. Eurya Ser. Ciliatae Hu et L. K. Ling Ser. Longistylae Hu et L. K. Ling Ser. Trichocarpae Hu et L. K. Ling Ser. Rigidisepalae Hu et L. K. Ling Ser. Tetragonocladae Hu et L. K. Ling Ser. Nitidae Hu et L. K. Ling Ser. Muricatae Hu et L. K. Ling Ser. Brevistylae Hu et L. K. Ling In China, the subgenus Eurya distributes east from Taiwan, west to the western part of Szechuan and Yunnan, and south from Hainan, north to the southern slope of Tsin-ling Range. The region north from southern part of Nan-ling Range, southwest to southeast Yunnan, south to northern part of the Peoples Republic of Vietnam, seems to be the centre of both maximum variety and frequency of this subgenus, for the number of species and the representatives of more primitive taxa in this region are much richer than in any other regions of the world. From this centre going northeast to Japan and Korea, west to eastern part of India, south to Java and Sumatra, north to the southern slope of Tsinling Range, the number of species and types gradually decreases, and especially the primitive series and species rapidly disappear. In addition, many species are also found in the Island of Irian, which we incline to consider as another young centre of development for this subgenus. Furthermore, according to the distribution of quite a large number of the species in China, we can recognize several boundary lines which are in agreement with the limits of the floristic and geobotanic provinces of China. In this article we have enumerated 80 species, and 11 varieties of the genus Eurya of China, among which are published for the first time 11 new species and 1 new variety, one species, E. persicaefolia Gagnepain, is first recorded from China, a number of specific names have been restored and a number reduced to synonyms. They are as follows: Restored species: Eurya acuminatissima Merrill & Chun E. patentipila Chun E. henryi Hemsley Reduced to synonyms: Eurya parastrigillosa Hsu ( E. patentipila Chun) E. changii Hsu (E. fangii var. megaphylla Hsu) E. chienii Hsu (E. persicaefolia Gagnepain) E. hwangshanensis Hsu (E. saxicola Chang) E. fangii Rehd. var. glaberrima Hsu (E. cavinervis Vesque) E. pseudopolyneura Chang (E. impressinervis Kobuski) E. longistyla Chang (E. stenophylla Merrill) E. huiana Kobuski f. glaberrima Chang (E. muricata Dunn) New combination: Eurya muricata Dunn var. huiana (Kob.) Hu et L. K. Ling E. aurea (Levl.) Hu et L. K. Ling     

广东植物增补

报道广东分布新记录7种：糙叶卷柏,阔片里白,海南马兜铃,大叶五室柃,银毛叶山黄麻,海南杜鹃,心叶帚菊。     

柃属植物种子微形态特征及其系统学意义

利用扫描电镜对35种1变种柃属(Eurya)植物种子的微形态特征进行了研究,并采用相对大小(长×宽)RS值和种皮表面纹饰作为种子形态比较的特征参数。结果显示,柃属种子根据相对大小RS值可划分为小型(RS<1.0),中型(1.03.0)三个等级,最小的种子相对大小不足0.5,最大的种子相对大小超过10;种皮表面纹饰分为负网纹和网纹两种类型,网纹类型在网眼的方向性、网眼形状、网眼深度、网脊特点等方面呈现出种间多样性,可用于类群的比较和鉴别。文中同时还探讨了种子大小及种皮微形态在属内的系统发育关系,推测了种皮表面纹饰的演化路线,研究结果表明种子的微形态特征对本属植物系统分类及进化研究具有重要意义,可为属内一些关键种系统位置的分析提供重要佐证。     

Comparative studies of vegetative anatomy in the Theaeeae of Sri Lanka

Anatomical characters of the mature leaf blade, petiole, young stem and wood were examined in order to substantiate taxonomic boundaries between genera and species of Theaeeae in Sri Lanka. Two species of Temstroemia , one of Adinandra , four of Eurya and two of Gordonia were studied.
The presence of sclereids in most organs of the plant was found to be a common character within the family. However, three distinct types of sclereid are reported. Two basic types of stomata, anomocytic and gordoniaceous, are recognized. The origin of phellogen in the young stems is pericyclic in Gordonia and subepidermal in the other three genera. The species within these genera also appear to have several distinctive characters of their own. Important wood characters have been tabulated in order to illustrate the primitive and advanced characters. Gordonia , especially, exhibits anatomical features which are quite different from those of Temstroemia, Adinandra send Eurya.     

中国小光壳炱属分类研究Ⅰ.

报道了中国小光壳炱属(Asteridiella McAlpine)1个新种和13个国内新记录种。新种是柃小光壳炱Asteridiella euryae B.Song et Y.X.Hu。全部标本存放在广东省微牛物研究所(GDIM)。     

Comparison of climatic effects on radial growth of evergreen broad-leaved trees at their northern distribution limit and co-dominating deciduous broad-leaved trees and evergreen conifers

Using dendrochronological techniques, this study examined whether tree-ring width of two evergreen broad-leaved species (Cleyera japonica, Eurya japonica) at their inland northern distribution limit in central Japan is more limited by low temperature compared with two co-dominating deciduous broad-leaved species (Fagus japonica, Magnolia hypoleuca) and two evergreen conifer species (Chamaecyparis obtusa, Abies firma), whose distribution limits are further north. The two deciduous broad-leaved species and the two evergreen conifers are tall tree species. Evergreen broad-leaved Cleyera japonica is a sub-canopy species and Eurya japonica is a small tree species. The tree-ring widths of four of the six species (except for Eurya japonica and Magnolia hypoleuca) correlated positively with the March temperature just before the start of the growth period. For deciduous broad-leaved Magnolia hypoleuca, the tree-ring width was correlated positively and negatively with July temperature and precipitation, respectively. However, the other deciduous broad-leaved Fagus japonica showed no such relationships. For the evergreen broad-leaved Cleyera japonica and evergreen conifers Chamaecyparis obtusa and Abies firma, tree-ring widths correlated positively with winter temperatures, probably because evergreen species can assimilate during warm winters. The tree-ring width of Cleyera japonica also correlated positively with temperatures of many months of the growth period. By contrast, the tree-ring width of the other evergreen broad-leaved Eurya japonica showed no positive correlation with the temperature in any month. Most Eurya japonica trees were suppressed by tall trees, which might disguise any climate effect. Thus, there were species differences in response to climate for each life form, and the tree-ring width of Cleyera japonica at the northern distribution limit was more limited by low temperatures compared with co-dominating species. It is suggested that growth of Cleyera japonica is increased by global warming at the latitudinal ecotone.     

散斑壳属一新种及两个中国新记录种

报道散斑壳属的3个分类单元,其中微毛柃Eurya hebeclados上的柃木散斑壳Lophodermium euryae sp.nov.是新种,多寄主种贝壳杉散斑壳L.agathidise和小散斑壳L.minus为中国新记录。对各种进行了汉文描述和讨论,新种附有拉丁文特征简介和形态结构图。供研究标本存放在安徽农业大学森林保护教研室(AAUFP)。