平板运动试验对冠心病的诊断意义

目的:探讨平板运动试验(TET)对诊断冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病(冠心病)的临床意义。方法:对比分析217例疑诊或临床诊断冠心病患者的平板运动试验和选择性冠状动脉造影(CAG)结果。结果:以选择性冠状动脉造影为标准,平板运动试验敏感性为68.4%,特异性为88.4%,阳性预测值为77.1%,阴性预测值为82.9%。结论:简便、易行及无创的平板运动试验是诊断冠心病的重要手段。     

平板运动试验在冠心病心肌缺血早期诊断中的临床应用

目的:探讨平板运动试验在冠心病心肌缺血早期诊断中的临床应用。方法:选取180例被疑诊为冠心病心肌缺血的患者,其中男性患者136例,女性患者44例,所有患者均进行常规心电图与心脏彩超检查,然后对常规心电图阴性者再进行平板运动试验检查,结果对比分析。结果:平板运动试验的敏感性明显高于普通心电图,两组差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:平板试验是一种灵敏度高,准确度高的辅助诊断技术,弥补了普通心电图的不足,对冠心病心肌缺血的早期检出率高,能为临床诊断心肌缺血提供有力证据,提高早期患者无创诊断率,及早诊断及早治疗。     

24小时动态心电图检查在起搏器植入心律失常诊断中应用价值分析

目的:分析24 h动态心电图检查在起搏器植入心律失常诊断中的应用价值。方法:选择2013年2月～2016年1月于医院接受起搏器植入术治疗的60例患者作为研究对象,均采用常规12导联及24 h动态心电图进行检查,比较两种不同检查方法对心律失常的诊断价值。结果:①24 h动态心电图对心室过感知、心房感知不良、心室感知不良检出率均高于12导联心电图(P0.05)。②24 h动态心电图心律失常总检出率明显高于12导联心电图(P0.05)。③24 h动态心电图HRV时域指标24 h内所有正常R-R间期标准差(SDNN)、24 h内相邻正常R-R间期之差均方根值(RMSDD)、全程每5 min时间段R-R间期均值标准差(SDANN)均高于12导联心电图(P0.05)。结论:24 h动态心电图对起搏器植入术后起搏功能异常、感知功能异常及心律失常检出率高,且对心率变异性诊断相对敏感,对起搏器植入心律失常诊断的临床应用价值较12导联心电图更高。     

乳腺导管上皮内瘤变32 例影像诊断分析

目的:探讨全数字化乳腺X线摄影与磁共振成像检查相结合对乳腺导管上皮内瘤变(DIN)的诊断价值。方法:对32例经乳腺平板数字X线摄影及磁共振检查并且病理证实为乳腺导管上皮内瘤变的病例进行回顾性分析。结果:32例DIN中,普通导管上皮增生(UDH)17例,DIN1A 2例;DIN1B 1例;乳腺导管原位癌(DIN1C-DIN3)12例。采用全数字化X线乳腺摄影与MRI相结合诊断乳腺增生18例,乳腺导管原位癌11例,3例未能明确诊断。结论:平板数字X线乳腺摄影及磁共振成像综合诊断,对乳腺导管原位癌的早期发现具有重要意义,显著提高患者的生存质量。     

康复运动治疗老年慢性心力衰竭患者的有效性和安全性研究

目的:探讨6周康复运动治疗老年慢性心力衰竭(心衰)患者的有效性和安全性。方法:44例老年慢性心力衰竭(心功能NYHAⅡ-Ⅲ)患者随机分为两组,康复组在实施临床医疗措施并同时进行6周康复运动;对照组仅实施临床医疗措施。比较治疗前后及不同两组治疗后的六分钟步行实验距离,完成运动平板所需要的时间和代谢当量,明尼苏达心力衰竭生活质量调查表积分,血浆脑钠肽含量以及左室射血分数。结果:经过6周康复运动治疗后康复组心功能分级、六分钟步行实验距离、运动平板时间和运动平板的最大代谢当量(METS)较对照组改善更明显(P<0.05)。结论:6周康复运动治疗显著提高老年慢性心力衰竭患者的运动耐量和生活质量。6周康复运动治疗老年慢性心力衰竭(心衰)患者是有效的和安全的。     

非选择性消化不良的胃部超声诊断——(附1,084例分析)

近几年来,我们在原已明确诊断的胃部疾病超声诊断经验的基础上,开展了非选择性消化不良病人的胃部超声检查。现将超声诊断与临床最后诊断符合的1,084例作一报导。一、资料:本组消化不良病人是指患有中上腹不适或疼痛。伴或不伴有食欲减退、有或无大便隐血试验阳性而非上消化道急性出血期;病人或医生发现中上腹肿块,曾或未作过其他检查而当时诊断尚未明确;症状持续性或间歇性而经时至少两周以上。对那些有明显黄疸、急腹痛及已确诊为非胃部疾病的病人,均未包括在内。所有这些病例均先经超声检查,后再作必要的其他检查(X线、胃镜、CT或手术病理等)和临床治疗观察等方法获得临床确诊并与超声诊断符合者。 1,084例中,男440例,女644例,年龄最小12岁,最大91岁,平均年龄48.17岁。年龄和性别分布见表1。     

动态心电图与常规心电图诊断冠心病患者心律失常的效果比较

目的:分析冠心病(Coronary heart disease,CHD)心律失常(Arrhythmia)患者诊断中常规心电图(ECG)和动态心电图(DCG)两种诊断方式效果。方法:选取我院收治的CHD患者84例作为研究对象,分别使用ECG和DCG两种方式进行诊断,判断2种方法冠心病检测阳性率、心律失常检出率的情况。结果:动态组检测的阳性率为63.10%(53例),常规组为58.33%(49例),数据差异无统计学意义P0.05;8项心律失常指标中房性/室上性早搏早发、方式传导阻滞等检出率差异无统计学意义,P0.05;其余5项检出率差异显著,P0.05。结论:冠心病心律失常患者的诊断时采用动态心电图在冠心病诊断阳性率和心律失常检出率方面均有一定的优势。     

致心律失常性右室心肌病/ 发育不良1 例报告并文献复习

目的:探讨致心律失常性右室心肌病/发育不良的临床特点、病理特征诊断及治疗。方法:回顾性分析1例致心律失常性右室心肌病/发育不良的临床资料,并复习相关文献。结果:致心律失常性右室心肌病/发育不良常见临床表现有心悸、头晕、晕厥、气急胸闷,心电图可见延迟除极epsiton波。结论:致心律失常性右室心肌病/发育不良临床罕见,心脏超声及冠脉CT,心电图为主要确诊手段,治疗以限制运动与药物治疗为主。     

对流免疫电泳与其他的血清学试验在诊断人布氏病上的比较

<正> 在标准快速血清学试验的比较中使用了65个临床诊断为布氏病的病人的血清。孟加拉红试验与标准试管凝集试验所到结果的相关性很好,而快速平板凝集试验和Coombs (抗球蛋白)试验则较差。用特异的抗——人免疫球蛋白血清吸收病人的血清表明IgM在孟加拉红试验中是有作用的而在Coombs试验中则没有作用。IgG和IgA在这两个试和Co验中都起作用。在凝集试验、孟加拉红试验、Coombs试验中起着最重要的作用的A和M抗原之外,用沉淀试验还检出了布氏其他的抗原部份。在对流——免疫电泳中有一种蛋白质抗原与94％的血清起反应。根据两组血清所得的结果,孟加拉红试验和对流-免疫电泳试验对于诊断临床布氏病是最有希望的方法。由于使用布氏抗原不同试验的性质也不同。     

自病人气管灌洗物中分离出一株嗜肺性军团杆菌

本文报道了用自制的蓝藻军团杆菌选择性培养基从病人气管灌洗物中分离到一株嗜肺性军团杆菌(Legionella pneumophila)并与BCYE及硝酸铁琼脂平板等培养基作了比较,发现该菌在蓝藻军团杆菌选择性培养基上生长最好。生化、动物试验;细菌学、血清学的鉴定和诊断及临床治疗效果观察均与军团病杆菌(LDB)的鉴定标准相符合,证明经分离得的是一株嗜肺性军团杆菌血清6型菌株。     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.     

Composition and diversity of bird communities in Swedish farmland–forest mosaic landscapes

CapsuleThe amount of forest (at local and landscape scales) and occurrence of residual habitats at the local scale are shown to be the major factors influencing bird community composition in farmland–forest landscapes in central Sweden.

Aims To investigate the importance of local habitat and landscape structure for breeding birds in farmland–forest landscapes in central Sweden.

Methods Breeding birds were censused at 292 points. A detailed habitat mapping was made within 300 m of the points. Within a 300–600 m radius only two major habitats (forests and arable fields) were identified.

Results Cluster analyses of bird communities identified three site types that also differed in habitat composition: (i) partially forested sites in forested landscapes; (ii) heterogeneous sites with residual habitats in mosaic landscapes; and (iii) field-dominated farmland sites in open landscapes. A total of 19 of 25 farmland bird species (restricted to farmland or using both farmland and forest) had the highest abundance in farmland sites with mosaics of forest and farmland, while only six farmland species had the highest abundance in field-dominated sites. The bird community changed from being dominated by farmland species to being dominated by forest species (common in forest landscapes without farmland) at small proportions (10–20%) of forest at the local scale. A major difference in habitat composition between heterogeneous and field-dominated sites was the occurrence of different residual habitats (e.g. shrubby areas and seminatural grasslands). These habitats seemed to influence bird community composition more than land-use, despite covering <10% of the area. Seminatural grasslands were important for bird community composition and species-richness, but grazing seemed to be less important. Among different land-use types, cereal crops were the least preferred fields. Set-asides with tall vegetation and short rotation coppices were positively associated with species-richness of farmland birds.

Conclusion In general, the composition of the landscape was important for bird community composition, although amount and distribution of forests, occurrence of residual habitats and land-use of fields at the local scale had the strongest influence on bird community composition. The possible implications of these patterns for managing farmland–forest landscapes are discussed.     

Chemical constituents from the fruits of Rhus typhina L. and their chemotaxonomic significance

This work describes the isolation and characterization of twenty-nine compounds from the fruits of Rhus typhina L., including eleven flavonoids (1–11), eleven phenols (12–22), two pentacyclic triterpenes (23–24), two organic acids (25–26), one lumichrome (27), one courmarin (28) and one pyrimidine (29) on the basis of their spectroscopic data. Compounds apigenin (1), daidzein (4), orobol (5), 3′, 5, 5′, 7-tetrahydroxyflavanone (6), naringenin (7), butein (8), (-)-catechin (9), quercetin-3-O-α-L-(3″-O-galloyl)-rhamnoside (11), 2-hydroxybenzoic acid (13), 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde (14), vanillin (15), methyl 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate (16), 3,5-dihydroxybenzamide (18), tyrosol (19), caffeic acid (20), 3-(2,4,6-trihydroxyphenyl)-1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-propan-1-one (21), phlorizin (22), friedelin (23), oleanolic acid (24), 4,4-dimethyl-heptanedioic acid (25), anthranilic acid (26), lumichrome (27), scoparone (28) and uracil (29) have not been recorded before in this plant. This is the first report on the occurrence of compounds 4–7, 9, 11, 13–14, 16, 18–21, 25–29 from the genus Rhus. Moreover, the chemotaxonomic significance of these isolated compounds was also summarized.