天牛亚科中国四新纪录种(鞘翅目,天牛科)

记述了天牛亚科虎天牛族4新纪录种,刺虎天牛属Demonax Thomson的八点刺虎天牛D.contrarius Holzschuh;艳虎天牛属Rhaphuma Pascoe的独艳虎天牛R.unigena Holzschuh;绿虎天牛属Chlorophorus Chevrolat的胖绿虎天牛C.proannulatus Gressitt & Rondon;瘦棍腿天牛属Stenodryas Bates的四纹瘦棍腿天牛S.nigromaculatus(Gardner).研究标本保存在西南大学昆虫标本馆.     

天牛亚科一新纪录属和二新纪录种(鞘翅目,天牛科)

记述了天牛科Cerambycidae天牛亚科Cerambycinae 的中国1新纪录属锤腿天牛属Nyphasia Pascoe,1867,以及中国2新纪录种:老挝锤腿天牛N.pascoei Lacordaire,1869和长纹绿虎天牛Chlorophorus rufimembris Gressitt& Rondon,1970,研究标本保存在西南大学昆虫标本馆.     

中国艳天牛属一新种：鞘翅目：天牛科：天牛亚科

中国艳天牛属一新种（鞘翅目：天牛科：天牛亚科）蒋书楠,陈力（西南农业大学植物保护系,四川省重庆市北碚６３０７１６）关键词天牛科,分类学,艳天牛属,新种天牛亚科艳天牛属ＡｃｒｏｃｙｒｔｉｄｕｓＪｏｒｄｏｎ的已知种类,可分为金色毛被种和银色毛被种两类。Ｊ...     

中国花天牛亚科三新种记述：鞘翅目：天牛科

本文了中国花天牛亚科３新种－卵斑长颊瘦花牛Ｇｎａｔｈｏｓｔｒａｎｇａｌｉａ ｅｌｌｉｐｔｉｃａ,ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ。,暗背脊花天牛Ｓｔｅｎｏｃｏｒｕｓ ｆｕｓｃｏｄｏｒａｌｉｓ,ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．,四斑短腿瘦花天牛Ｐｅｄｏｓｔｒａｎｇａｌｉａ ｑｕａｄｒｉｍａｃｕｌａｔａ,ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ。模式标本存西农业大学昆虫标本馆。     

一种为害橄榄树的天牛新种及两种天牛新纪录(鞘翅目:瘦天牛科)

本文记述锤腿瘦天牛属(Melegena)一新种及记载寡点瘦天牛属(Nericonia)、修瘦天牛属(Noemia)各一种新纪录,它们均属于瘦天牛科,前两属在我国也是首次记录。新种标本由福建农学院植保系黄邦侃教授赠送,在此表示感谢。模式标本保存于中国科学院动物研究所。     

中国浑天牛属一新种：鞘翅目：天牛科

天牛科短柄天牛族Petrognathini的浑天牛属Ioesse中国尚无记载,全世界仅记录血红浑天牛Ioesse sanguilenta Thomson 1个种,Thomson(1864)的原描述为雌虫,Gahan(1894)描述了雄虫,已知的分布纪录为马来西亚、缅甸、越南和老挝。本文记述的是在西藏墨脱县采到的1个新种。     

中国长颊花天牛属及新种记述：（鞘翅目：天牛科）

天牛科,花天牛亚科Lepturinae、花天牛族Lepturini的长颊花天牛属Gnathostrang alia是由Hayashi于1985年建立的,并将条胸长颊花天牛Lepturabilineatithorax Pic,黑条长颊花天牛Strangalia rufovittata Pic,天目山长颊花天牛Strangalia tienmushana Gressitt,黑尾长颊花天牛Strangalia aurivillei Pic以及横条长颊花天牛Strangalia longiceps Aurivillus等5个种移入此属,其中,分布在越南的有3种,加里曼丹1种,中国浙江天目山1种。该属与长尾花天牛属Pygostrangalia很近似,但头前部更长,前胸背板较宽,后侧角较发达,鞘翅基部较宽,向中部收狭,端半部外侧缘较直。本文记述了在广西龙胜和四川重庆江津四面山发现的两个新种。     

虎天牛族中国六新纪录种(鞘翅目,天牛科,天牛亚科)

共记述了绿虎天牛属Chlorophorus Chevrolat中国1新纪录种,横纹绿虎天牛Chlorophorus copiosus Holzschuh;艳虎天牛属Rhaphuma Pascoe中国2新纪录种,回纹艳虎天牛Rhaphuma lanzhui Holzschuh和箭纹艳虎天牛Rhaphuma illicata Holzschuh;刺虎天牛属Demonax T homson中国3新纪录种,断纹刺虎天牛Demonax traudae Holzschuh,蔷薇刺虎天牛Demonax rosae Holzschuh和格氏刺虎天牛Demonax gertrudae Holzschuh。研究标本保存在西南大学昆虫标本馆。     

中国音天牛属二新种记述（鞘翅目：天牛总科）

本文记述了中国音天牛属２新种－－细点音天牛和齿胫音天牛,模式标本保存于西南农业大学昆虫标本馆。     

中国广翅天牛属记述（鞘翅目：天牛科）

本文记述了广翅天牛属Plaxomicrus的主要特征及地理分布,对于1新种进行形态描述,记载了我国1种新纪录,并对我国已知的6种,编制成种检索表,以资区别。它们是:广翅天牛P.ellipticus Thomson,细点广翅天牛P.latus Gahan(中国新纪录),蜀广翅天牛P.szeischuanus Breuning,蓝基广翅天牛P.violaceomaculatus Pic,淡色广翅天牛P.pallidicolor Pic及黑腹广翅天牛P.nigrivenrris sp.nov.     

梭菌属分类研究进展:现状和展望

目前构成梭菌属的微生物在系统发育和表型特征上不一致。多相分类数据表明,梭菌属物种之间差异大。大量基于16S rRNA 基因的系统发育研究表明,梭菌属应被限定为梭菌属类群I,作为狭义梭菌属(Clostridium sensu stricto)。尽管有这方面认识,梭菌属新物种仍持续增加,这些新物种并不能与梭菌属类群I 和标准种丁酸梭菌(C. butryicum)形成一致分支,引发梭菌属分类上的混乱。本文明确了梭菌属物种的范围,即只包括模式种和梭菌属类群I。此外,4 个物种念珠状真杆菌(Eubacterium moniliforme)、旋舞真杆菌(Eubacterium tarantellae)、最大八叠球菌(Sarcina maxima)和胃八叠球菌(Sarcina ventriculi)应被调至梭菌属,分别命名为念珠状梭菌(Clostridium moniliforme)、旋舞梭菌(Clostridium tarantellae)、最大梭菌(Clostridium maximum)和胃梭菌(Clostridium ventriculi)。一个新属哈撒韦氏菌属(Hathewaya)被提议成立,3 个梭菌属物种溶组织梭菌(Clostridium histolyticum)、泥渣梭菌(Clostridium limosum)和解朊梭菌(Clostridiumproteolyticum)重新归为溶组织哈撒韦氏菌(Hathewaya histolytica)、泥渣哈撒韦氏菌(Hathewaya limosa)和解朊哈撒韦氏菌(Hathewaya proteolytica),其中Hathewaya histolytica 为模式种。     

中国粘菌X:中国团毛菌科补记

本文补报了中国团毛菌科四个种,弱小团网菌Arcyria exigua sp. nov.和聚生团网菌Arcyria aggregata sp. nov.为新种,瑞士团网菌Arcyria helvetica和纹丝半网菌Hemitrichia intorta为中国新记录种。文中对二新种进行了描述,附有形态特征电镜扫描照片,并讨论了与相似种间的区别。新种的模式标本保存在中国科学院微生物研究所真菌标本室。     

Capnodium citri: The sooty mold fungi comprising the taxon concept

The common use of the name Capnodium citri to represent several species of sooty mold fungi is reviewed. Analysis of sooty mold specimens from Citrus in Florida found the species Antennariella californica and Chaetobolisia falcata with spherical fruitbodies and Caldariomyces fumago and Polychaeton citri with elongate fruitbodies. It is recommended that use of the name Capnodium citri for sooty mold on Citrus and ornamental plants is to be avoided because of its use for a number of species and on nomenclatural grounds. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Mesocyclops thermocyclopoides species-group: redefinition and content

Within the genus Mesocyclops the thermocyclopoides species-group is defined on the basis of the presence of spiniform armature on the maxillar coxa. Examination of nineteen, mainly Palaeotropical species of Mesocyclops and nine representatives of the closely related genus Thermocyclops revealed, that the coxal part of the maxillar syncoxa of the species recently unified in the thermocyclopoides group is adorned with distinct rows of big spinules on its frontal surface. This character, with only one known exception in South Indian M. cf. papuensis, is absent in other species of Mesocyclops and all the Thermocyclops studied here. These species have no spinules on the maxillar coxa at all or very tiny scattered ones.     

Relationships of herbivore feeding and plant flavonoids (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae and Anacardiaceae: Rhus)

Summary Eighteen leaf flavonoid compounds were isolated from several populations of Rhus tripartita from xeric habitats in Israel, ornamental Schinus terebinthifolius from Israel, and three species of Rhus (vulgaris, natalensis, tenuinervis) from mesic habitats in Kenya. Foodplant preference testing of Rhus-feeding Leaf Beetles (Blepharida sacra from Israel and B. marginalis and B. conradsi from Kenya) correlated well with the flavonoid composition of the different foodplants. Blepharida sacra and B. marginalis foodplant preferences demonstrated an herbivore sibling relationship but there is evidence, including foodplant ecology and distribution, that they are separate species. The herbivorefoodplant coevolution of the xeric B. sacra-R. tripartita is distinct from that of the mesic B. marginalis-R. vulgaris/natalensis, however, this study also indicates possible ancestral relationships between the herbivore species as well as between the plant species.     

Evolutionary relationships among aquatic anamorphs and teleomorphs: Lemonniera, Margaritispora, and Goniopila

The hypothesis that similar conidial morphologies in aquatic hyphomycetes are a result of convergent evolution was tested using molecular sequence data. Cladistic analyses were performed on partial sequences of 28S rDNA of seven species of Lemonniera, one species of Margaritispora and one species of Goniopila. Lemonniera has tetraradiate conidia with long arms, whereas Margaritispora and Goniopila have typically globose (isodiametric) conidia, with short conical protuberances in a stellate or quadrangular arrangement. Lemonniera and Margaritispora have phialidic conidiogenesis and both produce dark, minute sclerotia in culture whereas Goniopila has holoblastic conidiogenesis and does not produce sclerotia in culture. Goniopila produces a microconidial phialidic synanamorph in culture. All three genera have schizolytic conidial secession. Molecular analyses demonstrate that Lemonniera species are placed in two distinct clades: one within Leotiomycetes; the other within Pleosporales, Dothideomycetes. Margaritispora is placed with Lemonniera species within Leotiomycetes. Goniopila and Lemonniera pseudofloscula are placed within Dothideomycetes. No morphological character was entirely congruent with the molecular derived phylogeny. This suggests that for the group of species studied, conidial shape is not a reliable indicator of phylogeny but more likely the result of convergent evolution in response to the aquatic environment.     

Redefinition of the neotropical genus Anthopterus (Ericaceae: Vaccinieae), including one new species

The taxonomic history of Anthopterus as it relates to Themistoclesia is briefly reviewed. Anthopterus is redefined to include several species formerly placed in Themistoclesia. Two subgenera are established within Anthopterus. Anthopterus costaricensis Luteyn is described as new, and the new combination Anthopterus pterotus (A. C. Sm.) Luteyn is made. A key to the genus, a list of the species currently accepted, and brief notes on distribution and frequency are provided. Most species of Anthopterus are rare and their habitats are endangered.     

Phylogenetic studies in Papaver section Oxytona: cytogenetics of the species and interspecific hybrids

Summary Chromosome behaviour at meiosis was studied in the F₁, F₂, and backcross generations, in the three species of Papaver section Oxytona, and in artificially induced autopolyploids of P. bracteatum. Close homology was found between the genome of P. bracteatum and that of the two polyploid species, P. orientale and P. pseudo-orientale, suggesting that the P. bracteatum genome is present in both polyploid species. A genetic mechanism controlling bivalent pairing in the polyploid species is suggested. Further study is needed for finding out the breeding potential of interspecific hybridization in section Oxytona.Contribution no. 1569-E, 1985 series from the Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, Bet Dagan 50 250. Israel     

Genetic variation in Simocephalus (Anomopoda: Daphniidae) in North America: patterns and consequences

The presumption of intercontinental distributions of many species of Anomopoda has been reinforced by their considerable morphological uniformity and ease of passive dispersal via ephippial eggs. To test the validity of this dogma, genetic variation among taxa in the cladoceran genus Simocephalus was examined on a continental scale. Genetic variability (percentage polymorphic loci = 8.8%, individual heterozygosity = 3.4%) was comparable to that determined on a local scale in Simocephalus and somewhat less than for other zooplankton groups. Four species complexes were distinguished allozymically with unique allelic substitutions found for at least two loci between these taxa. Eight species in North America were differentiated within these complexes (Nei s genetic distance, D>0.30), all of which were clearly separated from two European species. Both S. cf. vetulus and S. cf. serrulatus are broadly distributed in North America, and intraspecific divergence is relatively low. In contrast, S. cf. congener and S. cf. exspinosus represent species complexes, both consisting of several species, differentiated allozymically and morphologically. The concept of generalist species with moderate genetic variation throughout a broad range and specialist species, genetically depauperate, with restricted distributions, is explored.     

Hoarding behaviors of two wood mouse species: Different preference for acorns of two Fagaceae species

Two species of wood mouse, Apodemus argenteus and A. speciosus, were observed consuming and hoarding acorns of Quercus serrata and Castanopsis cuspidata. When each species of acorn was supplied individually, both species of mice used each species of acorn for eating and hoarding. When both species of acorn were supplied, A. argenteus consumed or hoarded only C. cuspidata, whereas A. speciosus tended to eat C. cuspidata acorns at the feeding site, and disperse or hoard Q. serrata acorns. Apodemus speciosus is unlikely to disperse C. cuspidata acorns (their utilization was biased towards consumption) when Q. serrata acorns are also available. Apodemus argenteus will make almost no contribution to the dispersal of Q. serrata when the two acorn species coexist.