栎金钱菌活性提取物抗衰老研究

用栎金钱菌活性提取物灌胃衰老模型小鼠,观察其对小鼠血清SOD活性、肝组织MDA和脂褐素的含量、脾指数、胸腺指数和肾指数的影响。结果表明,栎金钱菌活性提取物能使雄性小鼠血清SOD活性提高40.16%,肝MDA含量减少47.12%,肝脂褐素含量减少89.48%,脾指数增加35.13%,胸腺指数增加48.92%,肾指数增加11.26%,表明栎金钱菌活性提取物具有良好的抗衰老作用。栎金钱菌活性提取物800mg/kg·d的剂量具有最好的抗衰老效果,且具有性别的差异,对雄性小鼠的抗衰老作用略优于对雌性小鼠的。     

盐生隐杆藻胞外多糖(EPAH)抗衰老的实验研究

通过检测实验小鼠血清中的SOD、CAT、MDA、GSH的活性,同时检测肝、脑中脂褐素(Lf)的量以及胸腺系数和脾系数等多项指标,研究了盐生隐杆藻胞外多糖抗衰老活性,并通过耐力实验研究了盐生隐杆藻胞外多糖对小鼠增强耐力的作用.结果显示EPAH能明显降低老龄小鼠肝、脑脂褐素的含量,降低老龄小鼠血清中MDA的含量,增强老龄小鼠血浆中SOD、GSH、CAT的生物学活性,同时增强抗应激能力,提示EPAH有提高小鼠抗衰老的作用.     

马齿苋黄酮抗衰老作用研究（英文）

本文研究马齿苋黄酮的抗衰老作用。给药(FPO)6周后测定血清、肝和脑组织谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)的活力,丙二醛(MDA)的含量及小鼠胸腺和脾脏指数。水迷宫试验与跳台试验测定马齿苋黄酮对衰老小鼠学习与记忆能力的影响。结果显示马齿苋黄酮能显著增加小鼠胸腺和脾脏指数,显著增强血清、肝和脑组织GSH-Px和SOD活力及显著减少其中MDA含量。马齿苋黄酮能显著减少水迷宫试验中小鼠的逃避潜伏期及跳台试验中反应时间与错误次数;显著增加水迷宫试验中小鼠的穿越次数与跳台试验中的记忆潜伏期。马齿苋黄酮有显著的抗衰老作用。     

家蝇幼虫提取物对辐射小鼠的免疫调节作用

研究了家蝇Musca domestica幼虫提取物对辐射小鼠的免疫调节作用。测定了小鼠的脏器官指数,NK细胞活性,T、B淋巴细胞增值活性及小鼠血清SOD活性和MDA含量等指标。结果表明：经口给予一定剂量的家蝇幼虫提取物对辐射和未辐射小鼠的脾脏指数和胸腺指数变化有显著影响,均可提高NK细胞活性,T、B淋巴细胞增值活性及小鼠血清SOD活性,同时可降低小鼠血清中的MDA含量。结果显示家蝇幼虫提取物对辐射和未辐射小鼠均具有较好的免疫调节作用。     

复方中草药提取物对小鼠机体抗氧化能力的影响北大核心CSCD

研究以乌梅、马齿苋等为主要成分的复方中草药提取物对小鼠机体抗氧化能力的影响。以昆明种雌性小鼠作为实验动物,试验设3个剂量组(100、200、400 mg/kg·bw)和1个溶剂对照组。灌胃28 d后,检测小鼠血清以及心、肝、脾、肾组织中的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)的活性及丙二醛(MDA)的含量。复方中草药提取物在100、200、400 mg/kg·bw三个剂量水平上均可导致小鼠血清、心、肝、脾、肾组织中SOD和GSH-Px活性显著增强,降低小鼠上述组织中MDA含量,并呈现剂量反应关系。本研究中的复方中草药提取物可提高昆明种雌性小鼠机体的抗氧化能力,具有潜在的研究价值。     

复方中草药提取物对小鼠机体抗氧化能力的影响

研究以乌梅、马齿苋等为主要成分的复方中草药提取物对小鼠机体抗氧化能力的影响。以昆明种雌性小鼠作为实验动物,试验设3个剂量组(100、200、400 mg/kg·bw)和1个溶剂对照组。灌胃28 d后,检测小鼠血清以及心、肝、脾、肾组织中的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)的活性及丙二醛(MDA)的含量。复方中草药提取物在100、200、400 mg/kg·bw三个剂量水平上均可导致小鼠血清、心、肝、脾、肾组织中SOD和GSH-Px活性显著增强,降低小鼠上述组织中MDA含量,并呈现剂量反应关系。本研究中的复方中草药提取物可提高昆明种雌性小鼠机体的抗氧化能力,具有潜在的研究价值。     

阿里红黄酮对衰老模型小鼠的抗衰老作用

目的：研究阿里红黄酮对衰老模型小鼠的抗衰老作用。方法：将小鼠随机分为6组（n=12）：正常对照组,衰老模型组,阳性对照组,低、中、高剂量阿里红黄酮组。除正常对照组外,其余各组均采用D-半乳糖颈背部皮下注射建立亚急性衰老小鼠模型,用不同剂量的阿里红黄酮（100、200和400 mg/（kg·d））灌服小鼠6周后,计算衰老模型小鼠脑指数及脾脏指数、胸腺指数,测定其脑组织丙二醛（MDA）含量及谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）活性、肝组织过氧化氢酶（CAT）及超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性。结果：阿里红黄酮3个剂量组可不同程度的升高衰老模型小鼠的脑指数、脾脏指数、胸腺指数、脑组织中的GSH-Px活性及肝组织中的CAT、SOD活性,降低其脑组织中的MDA含量。结论：阿里红黄酮可能通过提高机体的抗氧化能力而达到抗衰老作用。     

秀珍菇粉对H22荷瘤小鼠体内抗肿瘤作用研究

目的本试验旨在研究秀珍菇抗肿瘤作用及其抑瘤机制。方法选用ICR雄性小鼠60只,取10只作为空白组,剩余50只小鼠通过腋部皮下接种H22小鼠腹水构建荷瘤小鼠模型,造模后随机分为模型组、阳性药(CTX)组、秀珍菇低、中、高剂量组,每组10只。模型组小鼠灌服生理盐水,阳性药组小鼠按20 mg/kg体重隔天腹腔注射注射环磷酰胺(CTX)生理盐水溶液,秀珍菇低、中、高剂量组小鼠分别按750、1500、3000 mg/kg体重每天剂量灌服秀珍菇生理盐水混悬液。给药10 d后,测定各组小鼠平均瘤重,肿瘤抑制率;测定免疫器官脏器指数、血清免疫球蛋白和细胞因子含量;测定肝、肾抗氧化指标;观察肿瘤和脾组织HE染色病理切片。结果 (1) CTX及秀珍菇低、中、高剂量组小鼠的平均瘤重均极显著低于模型组(P0. 01),四组小鼠肿瘤抑制率分别为55. 18%,29. 06%、47. 47%和48. 80%。(2)与空白组比较,模型组小鼠脾指数、血清Ig A和TNF-α含量及肝MDA含量显著升高(P0. 05,P0. 01),血清IL-6含量有上升趋势(P 0. 05),而血清IL-2含量、肝CAT和GSH-Px活性及肾SOD、GSH-Px和CAT活性显著降低(P0. 05,P0. 01);同时,CTX组小鼠胸腺指数显著低于空白组(P0. 05)。(3)秀珍菇对荷瘤小鼠免疫和抗氧化功能异常改变具有逆转作用:与模型组比较,秀珍菇各剂量组小鼠血清Ig A和TNF-α含量及高剂量组小鼠IL-6水平显著降低(P 0. 05,P 0. 01),低剂量组小鼠血清IL-2水平显著升高(P 0. 01);秀珍菇处理还显著提高了各剂量组荷瘤小鼠肝CAT活性及肾SOD和CAT活性(P 0. 05,P 0. 01),显著升高中、高剂量组肝GSH-Px活性和低、中剂量组肾GSH-Px活性(P 0. 05,P 0. 01),并显著降低中剂量组的肝MDA含量(P 0. 05)。(4)与CTX组比较,秀珍菇高剂量组小鼠脾指数显著提高(P 0. 05),而血清IL-6水平显著降低(P 0. 05)。(5)肿瘤组织病理切片显示CTX组和秀珍菇各剂量组的肿瘤坏死面积明显增加。结论秀珍菇可抑制H22实体移植瘤生长,其机制与其具有较强的免疫调节和抗氧化作用有关。     

油橄榄叶提取物体内外抗氧化活性研究北大核心CSCD

为评价油橄榄叶提取物的体内和体外抗氧化能力,体外抗氧化活性评价采用DPPH·和·OH清除能力实验,体内抗氧化活性评价采用D-半乳糖连续背部注射制作亚急性衰老小鼠模型,以VE为阳性对照组,油橄榄叶提取物58、116、232 mg/kg BW灌胃30 d,处死后测定MDA含量、SOD和GSH-Px活性,观察肝脏和大脑组织病理形态学的改变。结果表明,衰老小鼠MDA的含量明显升高,血清、肝组织中的SOD、GSH-Px和脑组织中的SOD活性均明显降低,与正常小鼠比较有差异(P<0.05);各剂量的油橄榄叶提取物均能提高衰老小鼠血清、肝组织中的SOD、GSH-Px和脑组织中的SOD活性,并降低MDA的含量;油橄榄叶提取物可明显改善D-gal致衰老小鼠肝脏、大脑皮质和海马神经元的细胞形态和水肿情况。油橄榄叶提取物清除DPPH·和·OH的IC50分别为0.064 mg/m L和0.066 mg/m L。实验结果表明油橄榄叶提取物具有较好的抗氧化活性。     

油橄榄叶提取物体内外抗氧化活性研究

为评价油橄榄叶提取物的体内和体外抗氧化能力,体外抗氧化活性评价采用DPPH·和·OH清除能力实验,体内抗氧化活性评价采用D-半乳糖连续背部注射制作亚急性衰老小鼠模型,以VE为阳性对照组,油橄榄叶提取物58、116、232 mg/kg BW灌胃30 d,处死后测定MDA含量、SOD和GSH-Px活性,观察肝脏和大脑组织病理形态学的改变。结果表明,衰老小鼠MDA的含量明显升高,血清、肝组织中的SOD、GSH-Px和脑组织中的SOD活性均明显降低,与正常小鼠比较有差异(P0.05);各剂量的油橄榄叶提取物均能提高衰老小鼠血清、肝组织中的SOD、GSH-Px和脑组织中的SOD活性,并降低MDA的含量;油橄榄叶提取物可明显改善D-gal致衰老小鼠肝脏、大脑皮质和海马神经元的细胞形态和水肿情况。油橄榄叶提取物清除DPPH·和·OH的IC50分别为0.064 mg/m L和0.066 mg/m L。实验结果表明油橄榄叶提取物具有较好的抗氧化活性。     

Effects of anthraquinone extract from Rheum officinale Bail on the physiological responses and HSP70 gene expression of Megalobrama amblycephala under Aeromonas hydrophila infection

We evaluated the effect of dietary supplementation with anthraquinone extract (from Rheum officinale Bail) on the resistance to Aeromonas hydrophila infection in Megalobrama amblycephala. The fish were randomly divided into two groups: a control group (fed a standard diet) and a treatment group (standard diet supplemented with 0.1% anthraquinone extract) and fed for 10 weeks. We then challenged the fish with A. hydrophila and recorded mortality and changes in serum cortisol, lysozyme, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), total protein, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and hepatic catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA) and the relative expression of heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) mRNA for a period of 5 d. Supplementation with 0.1% anthraquinone extract significantly increased serum lysozyme activity before infection, serum ALP activity at 24 h after infection, serum total protein concentration 12 h after infection, hepatic CAT activity 12 h after infection, hepatic SOD activity before infection, and the relative expression of hepatic HSP70 mRNA both before infection and 6 h after infection. In addition, the supplemented group had decreased levels of serum cortisol 6 h after infection, serum AST and ALT activities 12 h after infection, and hepatic MDA content 12 h after infection. Mortality was significantly lower in the treatment group (86.67%) than the control (100%). Our results suggest that ingestion of a basal diet supplemented with 0.1% anthraquinone extract from R. officinale Bail can enhance resistance against pathogenic infections in M. amblycephala.     

海藻酸钠寡糖对小鼠免疫及 抗氧化功能的影响

目的研究海藻酸钠寡糖对小鼠免疫及抗氧化活性的影响。方法采用不同浓度的海藻酸钠寡糖分别对小鼠连续灌胃15d后,测量小鼠生长性能、小鼠胸腺和脾脏指数以及小鼠血浆中SOD和GSH的活性。结果海藻酸钠寡糖能促进小鼠的生长性能,提高小鼠的胸腺和脾脏指数。其中给小鼠灌注高浓度的海藻酸钠寡糖15d后,与对照组相比,小鼠的特定生长率和增重率分别提高了37.0%和48.5%(P0.01),小鼠胸腺和脾脏指数分别提高了18.8%和21.7%(P0.01)。海藻酸钠寡糖还能增加小鼠的抗氧化活性,与对照组相比,灌注高浓度海藻酸钠寡糖组小鼠的SOD和GSH-Px活性分别提高了92.6%和35.9%(P0.01)。结论海藻酸钠寡糖能促进小鼠的生长性能,增强小鼠的免疫和抗氧化功能。     

Hepatoprotective and antioxidant effects of Hedera helix extract on acetaminophen induced oxidative stress and hepatotoxicity in mice

ABSTRACT

Exposure to high doses of acetaminophen is the most common cause of drug induced liver injury. We investigated the protective effects of Hedera helix extract against acetaminophen induced oxidative stress and hepatotoxicity using a mouse model. We used two control groups: group A was given 0.9% NaCl, group B was an acetaminophen control that was given a single injection of 600 mg/kg acetaminophen. T1?T4 groups were pretreated orally with different doses of H. helix extract. The mice were sacrificed and blood samples were collected to estimate the levels of glutathione peroxidase (GPx), malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and total bilirubin. Liver samples also were used for histopathological studies. We found that acetaminophen significantly increased the levels of serum ALP, ALT, AST and MDA, and also significantly reduced the antioxidant factors, CAT, GPX and SOD. H. helix extract treatment produced a significant reduction in the levels of ALP, ALT, AST and MDA in serum and restored the levels of CAT, GPX and SOD to control levels. The histopathological findings were consistent with the biochemical findings. H. helix extract exhibited antioxidant and hepatoprotective effects against acetaminophen induced liver damage.     

Degradation of Humic Acids by the Litter-Decomposing Basidiomycete Collybia dryophila

The basidiomycete Collybia dryophila K209, which colonizes forest soil, was found to decompose a natural humic acid isolated from pine-forest litter (LHA) and a synthetic ¹⁴C-labeled humic acid (¹⁴C-HA) prepared from [U-¹⁴C]catechol in liquid culture. Degradation resulted in the formation of polar, lower-molecular-mass fulvic acid (FA) and carbon dioxide. HA decomposition was considerably enhanced in the presence of Mn²⁺ (200 μM), leading to 75% conversion of LHA and 50% mineralization of ¹⁴C-HA (compared to 60% and 20%, respectively, in the absence of Mn²⁺). There was a strong indication that manganese peroxidase (MnP), the production of which was noticeably increased in Mn²⁺-supplemented cultures, was responsible for this effect. The enzyme was produced as a single protein with a pI of 4.7 and a molecular mass of 44 kDa. During solid-state cultivation, C. dryophila released substantial amounts of water-soluble FA (predominantly of 0.9 kDa molecular mass) from insoluble litter material. The results indicate that basidiomycetes such as C. dryophila which colonize forest litter and soil are involved in humus turnover by their recycling of high-molecular-mass humic substances. Extracellular MnP seems to be a key enzyme in the conversion process.     

白囊耙齿菌子实体提取物对小鼠慢性肾小球肾炎的预防与治疗

本文对白囊耙齿菌子实体不同提取物防治慢性肾小球肾炎进行研究,采用腺嘌呤灌胃法建立小鼠慢性肾小球肾炎模型,探究白囊耙齿菌子实体水提取物和醇提取物的高、中、低剂量组对慢性肾小球肾炎的预防作用及不同提取物的高剂量组对慢性肾小球肾炎的治疗作用,并对小鼠体重进行测量,检测尿蛋白(UP)、尿素氮(BUN)、肌酐(Cr)、总胆固醇(TC)、超氧歧化酶(SOD)、一氧化氮(NO)、丙二醛(MDA)、白介素-6(IL-6)、白介素-1β(IL-1β)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)指标,分析肾、肝、脾、胸腺的病理变化。结果表明,水提取物中剂量(240mg/kg)能显著降低小鼠尿蛋白含量和肾组织中炎症因子含量,使血清生化指标维持正常,并对免疫器官有保护作用;醇提取物高剂量(200mg/kg)对慢性肾小球肾炎有治疗作用,但对免疫器官保护作用较弱。研究表明,白囊耙齿菌子实体水提取物中剂量具有预防慢性肾小球肾炎的作用且效果优于阳性药肾炎康胶囊,具有开发利用潜力,机制有待于进一步研究。     

Mycotoxin-Containing Diet Causes Oxidative Stress in the Mouse

Mycotoxins which mainly consist of Aflatoxin (AF), Zearalenone (ZEN) and Deoxynivalenol (DON) are commonly found in many food commodities. Although each component has been shown to cause liver toxicity and oxidative stress in several species, there is no evidence regarding the effect of naturally contained multiple mycotoxins on tissue toxicity and oxidative stress in vivo. In the present study, mycotoxins-contaminated maize (AF 597 µg/kg, ZEN 729 µg/kg, DON 3.1 mg/kg maize) was incorporated into the diet at three different doses (0, 5 and 20%) to feed the mice, and blood and tissue samples were collected to examine the oxidative stress related indexes. The results showed that the indexes of liver, kidney and spleen were all increased and the liver and kidney morphologies changed in the mycotoxin-treated mice. Also, the treatment resulted in the elevated glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) level in the serum and liver, indicating the presence of the oxidative stress. Moreover, the decrease of catalase (CAT) activity in the serum, liver and kidney as well as superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in the liver and kidney tissue further confirmed the occurrence of oxidative stress. In conclusion, our data indicate that the naturally contained mycotoxins are toxic in vivo and able to induce the oxidant stress in the mouse.     

三种金花茶提取物降脂作用实验研究

目的:探讨金花茶浓缩液、金花茶乙酸乙酯/二氯甲烷提取物以及金花茶水提物对高脂血症小鼠血脂的调节作用。方法:将小鼠按照体重随机分成正常饮食组和高脂饮食组,分别给予正常饲料和高脂饲料喂食,4周后将高脂饮食小鼠按照体重以及血脂水平(TC)随机分成金花茶浓缩液组、金花茶乙酸乙酯/二氯甲烷提取物组、金花茶水提物组以及辛伐他丁组。3种金花茶提取物以及辛伐他丁混悬液连续灌胃10周,同时给予高脂饮食。末次给药后禁食不禁水12 h,摘眼球取血,检测血清总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL-C)、谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)以及丙二醛(MDA)。结果:与模型组相比,金花茶浓缩液和辛伐他丁能显著降低血清TC、TG、LDL-C水平(P0.01或P0.05),但是对HDL-C无明显调节作用;对血清中的AST、ALT、SOD以及MDA影响不大。金花茶乙酸乙酯/二氯甲烷提取物以及水体物对血清中的TC、TG、LDL-C、HDL-C、AST、ALT、SOD及MDA无明显的调节作用。结论:金花茶浓缩液对高脂血症小鼠的血脂具有良好的调节作用。     

枸杞子提取物的抗衰老作用

小鼠连续45d口服枸杞子提取物后,血清SOD活力明显增加,血清过氧化脂质以及心、肝组织中的脂褐质含量显著下降,指示枸杞子提取物具有较强的抗脂质过氧化和延缓衰老作用。     

Effects of dietary cholesterol on antioxidant capacity,non-specific immune response,and resistance to Aeromonas hydrophila in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fed soybean meal-based diets

This study evaluated the effects of dietary cholesterol on antioxidant capacity, non-specific immune response and resistance to Aeromonas hydrophila in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fed soybean meal-based diets. Fish were fed diets supplemented with graded cholesterol levels (0 [control], 0.3, 0.6, 0.9, 1.2, and 1.5%) for nine weeks. The fish were then challenged by A. hydrophila and their survival rate recorded for the next week. Dietary cholesterol supplementation generally increased the serum and hepatic superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione-peroxidase (GSH-Px), catalase (CAT), and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) activities, but decreased the serum and hepatic malondialdehyde (MDA) contents. Further, the hepatic CAT and serum SOD, CAT, and TAC activities were significantly higher in fish fed diets supplemented with 0.9 or 1.2% cholesterol compared to those fed the control diet, whereas the serum and hepatic MDA contents were significantly lower. The respiratory burst activity, alternative complement activity, and hepatic lysozyme activity increased steadily when the supplemental cholesterol was increased by up to 1.2% and then declined with further addition. The serum lysozyme activity and phagocytic activity increased steadily with increasing dietary supplemental cholesterol level up to 0.9% and then declined with further addition. Dietary cholesterol supplementation generally enhanced the protection against A. hydrophila infection, and fish fed diets supplemented with 0.9 or 1.2% cholesterol exhibited the highest post-challenge survival rate. The results indicated that cholesterol may be under-supplied in rainbow trout fed soybean meal-based diets, and dietary cholesterol supplementation (0.9–1.2%) contributed to improved immune response and disease resistance of rainbow trout against A. hydrophila.