盐度和CO2倍增环境下碱蓬幼苗呼吸酶活性的变化

研究了生长在正常大气ＣＯ２和ＣＯ２倍增环境中的盐生植物碱蓬（Ｓｕａｅｄａｓａｌｓａ）幼苗呼吸酶活性对ＫＣｌ和ＮａＣｌ的反应．结果表明,在ＣＯ２倍增（７００μｌ·Ｌ－１）和正常大气ＣＯ２（３５０μｌ·Ｌ－１）下,３００ｍｍｏｌ·Ｌ－１ＫＣｌ和ＮａＣｌ均能抑制琥珀酸脱氢酶（ＳＤＨ）和苹果酸脱氢酶（ＭＤＨ）活性,而异柠檬酸脱氢酶（ＩＤＨ）活性为ＮａＣｌ抑制、ＫＣｌ促进;ＮａＣｌ和ＫＣｌ明显抑制细胞色素氧化酶（ＣＯ）和光呼吸中乙醇酸氧化酶（ＧＯ）、羟基丙酮酸还原酶（ＨＰＲ）活性;并指出在ＫＣｌ胁迫下,ＣＯ２使三羧酸循环（ＴＣＡＣ）的运行变慢,ＮａＣｌ胁迫下使其加快,ＴＣＡＣ运行限速步骤与ＭＤＨ无关,ＣＯ为盐对呼吸代谢影响的重要位点．另外,Ｋ＋、Ｎａ＋对蛋白表达的影响有差异,ＣＯ２可使盐胁迫下的碱蓬幼苗蛋白表达降低．     

盐分对碱蓬幼苗离子含量,甜菜碱水平和BADH活性的效应

研究了盐生植物碱蓬（Ｓｕａｅｄａ ｓａｌｓａ）生长在不同浓度的ＮａＣｌ和ＫＣｌ溶液中体内Ｎａ＋ 、Ｋ＋ 含量、甜菜碱水平和甜菜碱醛脱氢酶（ＢＡＤＨ）活性的动态变化。ＮａＣｌ处理９６ 小时后,碱蓬地上部Ｋ＋ 含量低于对照,而Ｎａ＋ 明显高于对照,并分别随外界盐度增加而升、降;ＫＣｌ处理的植株,Ｋ＋ 、Ｎａ＋ 含量变化与ＮａＣｌ处理的相反;甜菜碱水平和ＢＡＤＨ 活性随外界ＮａＣｌ浓度增加而升高,甜菜碱水平随处理时间延长而增大,ＫＣｌ对甜菜碱水平和ＢＡＤＨ 活性的效应类似ＮａＣｌ。证明ＮａＣｌ和ＫＣｌ均能促进盐生植物碱蓬体内甜菜碱的积累,初步证明ＢＡＤＨ 与甜菜碱的积累有关     

等渗NaCl和KCl胁迫对高粱幼苗生长和气体交换的影响

本文比较研究了等渗ＮａＣｌ和ＫＣｌ胁迫下,高粱幼苗生长及叶片离子含量、质膜相对透性和有关气体交换参数的变化。结果表明,在低浓度ＮａＣｌ和ＫＣｌ胁迫７天时,高粱生长、含水量和质膜相对透性与对照相比没有明显变化,而净光合速率、蒸腾速率和气孔导度已明显下降,叶肉细胞间隙ＣＯ２浓度明显增加。ＮａＣｌ胁迫下叶片Ｎａ＋含量成倍增加,而Ｋ＋和Ｃａ２＋含量无明显变化。ＫＣｌ胁迫时叶片Ｋ＋含量明显增加,Ｃａ２＋含量明显下降,而Ｎａ＋含量没有明显变化。随着ＮａＣｌ或ＫＣｌ浓度的增加,幼苗生长和叶片含水量明显下降,质膜透性和细胞间隙ＣＯ２浓度明显增加,净光合速率、蒸腾速率和气孔导度进一步下降。ＮａＣｌ胁迫下叶片Ｎａ＋含量进一步增加,Ｋ＋和Ｃａ２＋进一步下降,而ＫＣｌ胁迫下叶片Ｋ＋含量进一步增加,Ｎａ＋和Ｃａ２＋含量进一步下降。ＫＣｌ对高粱生长抑制、质膜透性、Ｃａ２＋含量下降及光合气体交换参数的影响均明显大于等渗的ＮａＣｌ。     

不同种子预处理方法对提高三树种幼苗耐盐性的效应

刺槐（ＲｏｂｉｎｉａｐｓｅｕｄｏａｃａｃｉａＬｉｎｎ．）、湿地松（ＰｉｎｕｓｅｌｉｏｔｉＥｎｇｅｌｍ．）和侧柏〔Ｐｌａｔｙｃｌａｄｕｓｏｒｉｅｎｔａｌｉｓ（Ｌ．）Ｆｒａｎｃｏ〕种子经０３％ＣａＣｌ２,２５０μｇ／ｇＨ３ＢＯ３和２５０μｇ／ｇ多效唑（ＭＥＴ）浸种２４ｈ,然后测定幼苗的耐盐性。结果表明,在０．３％ＮａＣｌ胁迫条件下,不同种子预处理方法对种子发芽率、平均苗高、根茎比、简易活力指数（ＳＶＩＳ）以及幼苗中Ｎａ＋与Ｋ＋的累积量、Ｎａ＋／Ｋ＋比及游离脯氨酸含量有较大影响。树种不同,处理效果也存在明显差异。湿地松以０．３％ＣａＣｌ２,侧柏以２５０μｇ／ｇＨ３ＢＯ３浸种处理效果最好,显著提高种子发芽率、平均苗高、根茎比和ＳＶＩＳ,降低幼苗Ｎａ＋吸收量和Ｎａ＋／Ｋ＋比,缓解盐胁迫逆境。３种种子预处理方法均降低刺槐种子发芽率、平均苗长和ＳＶＩＳ,但提高刺槐幼苗游离脯氨酸含量和幼苗根茎比,减少幼苗对Ｎａ＋的吸收,降低Ｎａ＋／Ｋ＋比     

盐分胁迫条件下甜菜碱对小麦幼苗体内Na+、K+和Cl-的含量及其分布的影响

以抗盐品种茶淀红和盐敏感品种中国春等两种小麦为实验材料,研究甜菜碱对盐分胁迫条件下小麦（ＴｒｉｔｉｃｕｍａｅｓｔｉｖｕｍＬ．）幼苗Ｎａ＋、Ｋ＋、Ｃｌ－的吸收、分配的影响。结果表明：外源甜菜碱能够在一定程度上限制幼苗对Ｎａ＋、Ｃｌ－的吸收,阻滞其向地上部分运输的数量和速度,同时提高体内Ｋ＋含量、向上运输效率,降低地上部分对Ｎａ＋、Ｋ＋的选择性（ＳＮａ＋、Ｋ＋）,从而提高小麦幼苗抗盐性和对盐分胁迫的适应性。     

盐分和水分胁迫对盐地碱蓬幼苗渗透调节效应的研究

利用不同浓度ＮａＣｌ和等渗ＰＥＧ处理４０ｄ龄的盐地碱蓬（Ｓｕａｅｄａｓａｌｓａ（Ｌ．）Ｐａｌ．）幼苗,１０ｄ后测定植株中主要有机溶质和无机离子的含量及叶片渗透势和渗透调节能力。结果表明,ＮａＣｌ处理的无机离子总含量急剧增加,其中Ｎａ＋、Ｃｌ－增加最多,占总计算渗透势（ＣＯＰ）的７１％～８８％,总无机离子占ＣＯＰ的９５％～９７％。而有机溶质总含量则稍有降低,约占ＣＯＰ的２％～５％。ＰＥＧ处理使有机溶质（氨基酸、糖、有机酸）含量明显增加,特别是氨基酸占ＣＯＰ的９％。不同处理的实测渗透势（ＭＯＰ）均小于ＣＯＰ,说明在这些条件下,还有其它的渗透剂参与盐地碱蓬幼苗的渗透调节。结果还表明,盐地碱蓬幼苗的渗透调节能力随外界盐浓度的增大而增加。     

马鹿和狍饲料植物的营养质量

本项研究测定了１４种木本植物的枝和叶以及苔草、非禾本和莎草科草、蕨、榆树皮的粗蛋白（ＣＰ）、中性洗涤纤维（ＮＤＦ）、酸性洗涤纤维（ＡＤＦ）、钙（Ｃａ）、磷（Ｐ）、钠（Ｎａ）、钾（Ｋ）等营养成分和体外干物质消化率（ＩＶＤＤＭ）。结果表明,各类饲料植物中营养成分的含量存在显著的差异（Ｐ＜０．０５）。木本植物叶中ＣＰ的含量在全年呈最高趋势,枝条中ＣＰ含量为最低;木本植物枝条中ＮＤＦ和ＡＤＦ的四季含量最高,非禾本和莎草科草中的ＮＤＦ和ＡＤＦ的含量最低。Ｃａ在木本植物的枝条和非禾本及莎草科草中的四季含量最高,在苦草中的含量最低;Ｋ在非禾本和莎草科草以及蕨类中的四季含量最高,在木本植物枝条中的含量最低;Ｐ和Ｎａ在各类饲料植物中的四季含量变化很大。木本植物枝条中ＣＰ含量的季变化很小,木本植物的叶、苔草、非禾本和莎草科草及蕨中ＣＰ的含量从春到秋逐渐减少。各类饲料植物中ＮＤＦ和ＡＤＦ在春季的含量明显地低于其它季节。Ｋ在各类饲料植物中的含量由春季到冬季呈下降趋势,而Ｃａ、Ｐ、Ｎａ在不同饲料植物中的含量表现出不同的季节变化。马鹿和狍对饲料植物干物质的体外消化率与饲料植物中ＣＰ的含量存在显著的正相关,与ＡＤＦ存在显著的负相关。     

硝酸钾缓解氯化钠胁迫蓝藻Anabaena 7120固氮的生理基础

营养液中添加适量ＫＮＯ３可在一定程度上缓解ＮａＣｌ对鱼腥藻固氮活性的抑制作用。暗处理或加光合抑制剂时,ＫＮＯ３对ＮａＣｌ胁迫的缓解作用便消失。供给外源蔗糖、提高ＣＯ２浓度、同时供给ＣＯ２和Ｎ２时,ＫＮＯ３对缓解ＮａＣｌ胁迫的作用则增高．同时供给Ｏ２和Ｈ２对ＫＮＯ３的缓解作用增高影响较小,而在厌氧（Ａｒ或Ｎ２中）或单加氧下,ＫＮＯ３的缓解效应则明显减弱或消失．     

盐分和水分胁迫盐地碱蓬幼苗渗透调节效应的研究

利用不同浓度ＮａＣｌ和等渗ＰＥＧ处理４ｄ龄的盐地碱蓬（Ｓｕａｃｄａ ｓａｌｓａ（Ｌ．）Ｐａｌｌ．）幼苗,１０ｄ后测定植株中主要有机溶质和无机离子的含量及叶片涌透势和涌透调节能力。结果表明,ＮａＣｌ处理的无机离子总含量急剧增加,其中Ｎａ＾２＋、Ｃｌ＾－半加最多,占总计算渗透势（ＣＯＰ）的７１％￣８８％,总无机离子占ＣＯＰ的９５％￣９７％。而有机溶质总含量则稍有降低,约上ＣＯＰ的２％￣５％。ＰＥＧ处理     

小麦耐盐细胞系耐盐性分析

通过一步筛选获得了耐盐（１．０％,ＮａＣｌ）的小麦（Ｔｒｉｔｉｃｕｍ ａｅｓｔｉｖｕｍ）细胞系（Ｓｒ１）,当ＳＲ１在含１．０％,ＮａＣｌ的培养基上继代半年后,钭其中的一部分移入无盐培养基代１０次,得到细胞系ＳＲ２。无论是在正常还是办迫条件下,ＳＲ１的鲜重增量／克鲜重、脯氨酸及可溶性蛋白含量均高于原始型（ＳＮ）,而含水量均高于原始型（ＳＮ）,而含水量、Ｋ＾＋及可溶性糖含量却低于ＳＮ。Ｎａ＾＋和Ｃｌ＾     

江苏野生大豆的耐盐性和离子在体内的分布及选择性运输

以相对发芽率和出苗率为指标比较了3个野生大豆(Glycine soja)种群的耐盐性,测定了NaCl胁迫下2个耐盐性不同的野生大豆种群(江苏野生大豆,JWS,耐盐;N23232,盐敏感)植株根、茎和叶片中Na^+、K^+和Cl^-含量的变化。结果表明,JWS的耐盐性最强,盐胁迫抑制野生大豆幼苗生长,使其干物质积累量减少,根冠比上升,对耐盐性弱的N23232抑制作用大于耐盐性强的JWS,不同器官离子含量测定结果表明,盐胁迫下野生大豆茎部Na^+含量最高,耐盐的JWS根系具有积累Na^+和Cl^-的能力,叶片Na^+、Cl含量较低,而盐敏感种群N23232根系中：Na^+、Cl^-含量低于耐盐种群JWS,叶片中Na^+、Cl^-含量则高于JWS,JWS根系对K^+、Na^+吸收的选择性(selectivity ratio,SK,Na)和N23232没有明显差异;但叶片和茎运输的SK,Na明显高于N23232,使地上部K^+／Na^+较高,因此认为野生大豆根系对Na^+、Cl^-的积累及K^+向地上部运输的选择性高是其耐盐性强的主要原因。     

川东红池坝地区红三叶和鸭茅人工草地土壤和植物营养元素含量特征的研究

川东红池坝地区红三叶（Ｔｒｉｆｏｌｉｕｍｐｒａｔｅｎｓｅ）和鸭茅（Ｄａｃｔｙｌｉｓｇｌｏｍｅｒａｔａ）人工草地土壤和植物营养元素的含量特征如下：（１）土壤中的元素含量以铁、钾和镁较高,钠、钙、氮、锰和磷较低,硫、锌、硼、铜和钼微少;（２）从元素的富集特征来看,该区土壤中的钙、硫为重度淋溶元素,钾、磷、镁、锌、钠为中度淋溶元素,铁、铜属轻度淋溶元素,锰属富集元素;（３）根据元素的生物吸收系列,红三叶属氮－钙型植物,鸭茅属氮－钾－磷型植物。（４）两种牧草的生物吸收系数,均以钙、硫、磷较高,钠、铁较低,其余７种元素介于二者之间。     

Distribution and budget of nutrients in a commercial apple orchard

Summary Data on the dry matter distribution and nutrient reserves (N, P, S, Cl, K, Ca, Mg and Na) in the standing biomass of a grassed-down 14 year-old apple orchard are presented together with mean estimates of nutrient inputs, returns and losses over a 2 year period.The major inputs of N P K and S were through fertilizer additions. The major inputs of Na and Cl were in bulk precipitation plus irrigation whilst both sources were important for Mg and Ca. Total inputs by precipitation plus irrigation plus fertilizer in kg/ha/yr were: N, 81; P, 20; S, 42; Cl, 58; K, 64; Ca, 35; Mg, 10 and Na, 33. Nutrient returns to the orchard floor were dominated by those from returns of herbage clippings orginating from the mowing of the orchard pasture. Autumn leaf fall also contributed significant quantities to the total nutrient returns. Total nutrient returns to the orchard floor through petal fall, fruit drop, leaf fall, foliar leaching (includes leaf washing) and pasture clippings in kg/ha/yr were: N, 545; P, 33; S, 41; Cl, 107; K, 442; Ca, 147; Mg, 35 and Na, 16. The major loss of Na, Mg, Ca, Cl and S was through leaching (this may include a certain amount of chemical weathering). In contrast, the major loss of P and K was in the harvested fruit crop, while for N, losses were about equally divided between the fruit crop and leaching. Total nutrient losses from the orchard by removal of the fruit crop and pruning wood plus leaching losses were estimated in kg/ha/yr at: N, 58; P, 5; S, 28; Cl, 81; K, 124; Ca, 55; Mg, 39 and Na, 80. Inputs minus losses in kg/ha/yr were positive for N, P and S(+23, +16 and +14 respectively and negative for Cl, K, Ca, Mg and Na (–24, –60, –19, –30 and –47 respectively).     

盐胁迫对3种华南园林植物元素特性的影响

为筛选耐盐园林植物,研究了盐胁迫下狗牙花(Ervatamia divaricate)、红背桂(Excoecaria cochinchinensis)和花叶假连翘(Duranta erecta)的养分积累和分配规律。结果表明,盐胁迫增加了所有植物器官的Na和叶片K含量、狗牙花和红背桂各器官的Cl和N含量,但降低了所有植物枝干、红背桂和花叶假连翘根的K含量;各植物的P含量变化各异。盐胁迫增加了所有植物Na和Cl的积累量,并富集于枝干和叶片;狗牙花和花叶假连翘各器官的N、P和K积累量及红背桂各器官的P和K积累量随着Na Cl的浓度增加而下降。总之,盐胁迫使植物Na和Cl含量和积累量升高,而各器官生物量以及N、P和K积累量下降。3种植物中,狗牙花和花叶假连翘能更好地适应华南地区盐胁迫环境。     

鼎湖山季风常绿阔叶林黄果厚壳桂群落植物元素含量特征

研究鼎湖山南亚热带季风常绿阔叶林黄果厚壳桂群落元素含量特征 ,分析了其中 9个种不同器官的 6种元素含量 ,结果表明 :1 )群落中植物不同器官的元素含量大小为 ,N:叶 >皮 >根 >枝 >茎 ,P:叶 >枝、皮 >根 >茎 ,K:叶 >皮 >枝 >根 >茎 ,Ca:皮 >叶 >枝 >根 >,Mg:叶 >皮 >根 >枝 >茎。 2 )椎栗、黄果厚壳桂、鼎湖钓樟和双盖蕨是群落中含 N量较高的种 ;椎栗、云南银柴和双盖蕨含 P量较高 ;各个种的含 K量相似。 3)养分含量表现出一定的层次性差异 ,上层种叶子含 P量高于下层种 ,但含 K量区别不显著。上层种茎 N、P、K含量显著低于下层种。黄果厚壳桂种群 ,其不同层次个体养分含量没有统计上的显著差异 ,但下层个体茎养分高 ,上层个体茎养分低。 4)群落不同元素间具有许多显著相关的元素对 ,其中 N与其它元素的相关性最大 ,其次是 Mg、P,再次是 K,而 Na不与其它任何元素相关 ,Ca相关性很少。从器官角度看 ,茎所含相关元素对最多 ,而枝、皮最少。     

Distribution of Elements in Rat Peripheral Axons and Nerve Cell Bodies Determined by X-Ray Microprobe Analysis

X-ray microprobe analysis was used to determine concentrations (millimoles of element per kilogram dry weight) of Na, P, Cl, K, and Ca in cellular compartments of frozen, unfixed sections of rat sciatic and tibial nerves and dorsal root ganglion (DRG). Five compartments were examined in peripheral nerve (axoplasm, mitochondria, myelin, extraaxonal space, and Schwann cell cytoplasm), and four were analyzed in DRG nerve cell bodies (cytoplasm, mitochondria, nucleus, and nucleolus). Each morphological compartment exhibited characteristic concentrations of elements. The extraaxonal space contained high concentrations of Na, Cl, and Ca, whereas intraaxonal compartments exhibited lower concentrations of these elements but relatively high K contents. Nerve axoplasm and axonal mitochondria had similar elemental profiles, and both compartments displayed proximodistal gradients of decreasing levels of K, Cl, and, to some extent, Na. Myelin had a selectively high P concentration with low levels of other elements. The elemental concentrations of Schwann cell cytoplasm and DRG were similar, but both were different from that of axoplasm, in that K and Cl were markedly lower whereas P was higher. DRG cell nuclei contained substantially higher K levels than cytoplasm. The subcellular distribution of elements was clearly shown by color-coded images generated by computer-directed digital x-ray imaging. The results of this study demonstrate characteristic elemental distributions for each anatomical compartment, which doubtless reflect nerve cell structure and function.     

Seasonal changes in element contents in mangrove element retranslocation during leaf senescene

The concentrations of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), sodium (Na), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg) and chlorine (Cl) were followed monthly in pre-senescence leaves and post-abscission leaves of Kandelia candel (L.) Druce at the Jiulongjiang estuary, and Fujian, China. The element retranslocation efficiency (RE) was studied during leaf senescence. The element RE's evaluated using different methods were compared and a new method was put forward to evaluate element RE during leaf senescence in evergreen trees without concentrated leaf fall. The results showed that during leaf senescence, 77.22% N, 57.53% P, and 44.51% K were translocated out of senescing leaves. Translocation of nutrients out of senescing leaves back into shoots was an important nutnent-conservation mechanism for N and P, was less important for K, and did not occur for Ca, Mg, Na, or Cl. One of the reasons for the high primary productivity of mangroves in nutrient poor sites (especially with low N) is the high nutrient use efficiency.     

Response of tomato cultivars to salinity

The responses of five tomato cultivars (L. esculentum Mill) of different degrees of salt tolerance were examined over a range of 0 to 140 mM NaCl applied for 3 and 10 weeks. Judged by both Na and Cl accumulations and maintenance of K, Ca and Mg contents with increasing salinity, the most tolerant cultivars (Pera and GC-72) showed different responses. The greater salt tolerance of cv Pera was associated with a higher Cl and Na accumulation and a lower K content in the shoot than those found in the other cultivars, typical of a halophytic response to salinity. However, the greater salt tolerance of cv GC-72 was associated with a retention of Na and Cl in the root, restriction of their translocation to the shoot and maintenance of potassium selectivity under saline conditions. The salt tolerance mechanisms that operated in the remaining cultivars were similar to that of cv GC-72, as at first they excluded Na and Cl from the shoots, accumulating them in the roots; with longer treatment, the ability to regulate Na and Cl concentrations in the plant was lost only in the most salt sensitive cultivar (Volgogradskij), resulting in a massive influx of both ions into the shoot.The salt sensitivity of some tomato cultivars to salinity could be due to both the toxic effect of Na and Cl ions and nutritional imbalance induced by salinity, as plant growth was inversely correlated with Na and Cl contents and directly correlated with K and Ca contents. This study displays that there is not a single salt tolerance mechanism, since different physiological responses among tomato cultivars have been found.     

Towards Miscanthus combustion quality improvement: the role of flowering and senescence

In commercially grown Miscanthus × giganteus, despite imposing a yield penalty, postwinter harvests improve quality criteria for thermal conversion and crop sustainability through remobilization of nutrients to the underground rhizome. We examined 16 Miscanthus genotypes with different flowering and senescence times for variation in N, P, K, moisture, ash, Cl and Si contents, hypothesizing that early flowering and senescence could result in improved biomass quality and/or enable an earlier harvest of biomass (in autumn at peak yield). Ideal crop characteristics at harvest are low N and P to reduce future fertilizer inputs, low K and Cl to reduce corrosion in boilers, low moisture to reduce spoilage and transportation costs, and low Si and ash to reduce slagging and consequent operational downtime. Stems and leaves were harvested during summer, autumn and then the following spring after overwinter ripening. In spring, stem contents of N were 30–60 mg kg^?1, P were 203–1132 mg kg^?1, K were 290–4098 mg kg^?1, Cl were 10–23 mg kg^?1 and moisture were 12–38%. Notably, late senescence resulted in increased N, P, K, Cl, moisture and ash contents, and should therefore be avoided for thermochemical conversion. Flowering and senescence led to overall improved combustion quality, where flowered genotypes tended towards lower P, K, Cl and moisture contents; marginally less, or similar, N, Si and ash contents; and a similar higher heating value, compared to those that had not flowered. Such genotypes could potentially be harvested in the autumn. However, one genotype that did not flower in our trial exhibited sufficiently low N and K content in autumn to meet the ENplus wood pellet standards for those traits, and some of the lowest P, moisture and ash contents in our trial, and is thus a target for future research and breeding.     

Influence of soil oxygen and soil water on the accumulation of nutrients in avocado seedlings (Persea Americana mill.)

Summary This experiment was conducted in a greenhouse to study the influence of 2 soil-oxygen levels and 4 irrigation levels on the plant response, root decay, concentrations of 12 nutrients, as well as on total amounts of nutrients per avocado seedling (Persea americana Mill.).Reduced soil-oxygen supply to the roots significantly reduced the amount of dry weight per seedling, increased percentage of root decay, and reduced the concentrations of N, P, K, Ca, Mg, and B in the tops, while Na and Fe were increased. Concentrations of K, Mg, Na, and Cl in the roots were decreased, while N and Ca were increased with decreased soil oxygen supply to the roots. Total amounts of N, P, Ca, Mg, Na, and Cl per seedling were decreased with the low soil-oxygen supply to the roots.Only slight differences in dry weight of the tops of seedlings were found. The highest degree of root decay was caused by the irrigation treatment where a water table was present. In the tops, concentrations of N, P, K, Mg, Na, Zn, Cu, Mn, B, and Fe were significantly influenced by differential irrigation treatments; in the roots, concentrations of P, K, Ca, Mg, Na, and Cl were also significantly influenced; and total amounts of N, P, Mg, and Cl the whole seedling were likewise significantly influenced.Significant interactions were noted between the soil-oxygen and irrigation treatments on the dry weight of tops, roots, and total amounts of dry weight produced per seedling. The lowest amount of dry weight of roots and the highest degree of root decay were found in the avocado seedlings grown under low soil-oxygen supply and the irrigation treatment where a water table was present. Several significant interactions between soil oxygen and irrigation on the concentrations of N, P, K, Ca, Zn, and Mn are discussed.University of California, Citrus Research Center and Agricultural Experiment Station, Riverside, California. The research reported in this paper was supported in part by NSF Grant GB-5753x.